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Li Z, Dai Y, Yun L, Guo W. A prediction model for the progression from gestational hypertension to pre-eclampsia complicated with HELLP syndrome. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024; 165:1002-1012. [PMID: 38018274 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HELLP syndrome is a severe complication of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy that can cause multiple organ dysfunction and maternal death in a short period of time. Although HELLP syndrome is more common in patients with pre-eclampsia (PE), there is currently no effective way to identify high-risk individuals who may progress from gestational hypertension (GH) to PE complicated with HELLP syndrome. This study aimed to establish and validate a prediction model for PE complicated with HELLP syndrome, providing a basis for early detection and identification of high-risk individuals in clinical practice. METHODS This retrospective case-control study collected data on 326 patients with GH and 139 patients with PE complicated with HELLP syndrome from January 2015 to December 2019. An additional 206 patients with GH and 70 patients with PE complicated with HELLP syndrome who were treated from January 2020 to December 2022 were collected for external validation. General and clinical data were collected, and single-and multiple-factor logistic regression analyses were used to screen for independent factors affecting PE complicated with HELLP syndrome. The diagnostic performance of different indicators was evaluated using ROC curves. A prediction model for PE complicated with HELLP syndrome was constructed, and its efficacy was verified using ROC curves. RESULTS The results of single-factor analysis showed that age, SBP, DBP, MAP, hemoglobin, AST, ALT, cholinesterase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, total protein, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, BUN, UA, creatinine, APTT, international normalized ratio of prothrombin, D-dimer, fibrinogen, fibrinogen degradation products, Ca, and aspartate-aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) were factors influencing PE with HELLP syndrome. The results of multiple-factor logistic regression analysis showed that MAP, APRI, CHE, FDP, and Ca were independent factors affecting PE complicated with HELLP syndrome. Based on these results, a prediction model was established, with Y = 9.861 + 2.998APRI + 0.055MAP + 0.014FDP - 0.005CHE - 7.452*Ca. CONCLUSIONS The predictive model for PE complicated with HELLP syndrome includes APRI, MAP, FDP, CHE, and Ca. This model can be used as a quantitative tool for predicting and evaluating the development of GH into PE complicated with HELLP syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqi Li
- School of Medicine, Shangdong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Yun
- School of Medicine, Shangdong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Medicine, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Medicine, Shangdong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Hospital Affiliated of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Roszkowska AM, Leanza R, Aragona E, Gargiulo L, Alibrandi A, Arrigo A, Bottaro A, Barone P, Stagno F, Allegra A. Retinal Vessel Analysis and Microvascular Abnormalities in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2232. [PMID: 38673505 PMCID: PMC11051207 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms are a group of clonal hematopoietic disorders including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofi-brosis. These neoplasms are characterized by an increased risk of thrombotic complications. Several studies have highlighted that the study of vessels of the retina offers the opportunity to visualize, in vivo, the damage to microcirculation that is common in various systemic pathologies. Methods: in our study, forty patients underwent an ophthalmological examination, using non-invasive imaging tech-niques, for analyses of their retinal vascularization. The objective was to correlate the findings ob-tained from this study of the retina with different markers of thrombotic risk, to demonstrate the usefulness of studying retinal vessels as a possible new prognostic biomarker of thrombotic risk in patients affected by Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. Results: retinal imaging demonstrated changes in the microcirculation, with a reduced vascular density of the deep and superficial capillary plexuses with respect to a normal group, and a correlation between retinal changes and blood parameters. Conclusions: additional research will allow us to determine whether retinal changes in individuals with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms could be predictive of the development of thrombotic events in these subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Roszkowska
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (A.M.R.); (L.G.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland
| | - Rossana Leanza
- Hematology Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Emanuela Aragona
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ludovica Gargiulo
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy; (A.M.R.); (L.G.)
| | - Angela Alibrandi
- Unit of Statistical and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Economics, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Arrigo
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Adele Bottaro
- Hematology Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Paola Barone
- Hematology Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Fabio Stagno
- Hematology Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (F.S.)
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Hematology Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; (R.L.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (F.S.)
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Shi LT, Kong FQ. Evaluation of preoperative coagulation function changes and deep vein thrombosis incidence in elderly patients with hip fractures. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024; 87:375-382. [PMID: 38517782 DOI: 10.3233/ch-242122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study involved an analysis of preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) incidence and changes in coagulation function among elderly patients suffering from hip fractures. The objective was to offer guidance on the prevention and management of preoperative DVT in the lower extremities of elderly individuals with hip fractures. METHODS A total of 282 elderly individuals with a hip fracture were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the location of the fracture: femoral intertrochanteric fracture (FIF, 161 individuals) and femoral neck fracture (FNF, 121 individuals). The two groups were compared with respect to baseline characteristics, including gender, age, and comorbid chronic diseases. Furthermore, the analysis encompassed the incidence of preoperative DVT in both lower extremities, along with seven coagulation parameters and platelet count before the surgical procedure. RESULTS There was no significant difference in baseline information between the two groups. The incidence of preoperative DVT in the FIF group was higher than that in the FNF group, along with a significantly higher percentage of patients exhibiting increased levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDPs). CONCLUSION Preoperative hypercoagulability and a greater prevalence of DVT were observed in elderly individuals with FIF compared to individuals with FNF. This indicates that clinicians should pay attention to elderly patients with FIFs, especially those with increased D-dimer and FDP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Tao Shi
- Trauma Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Fan-Qiang Kong
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
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Tuan TA, Xoay TD, My TTK, Duyen NT, Trang NT, Kien NT, Son CT, Thang NV, Quan TQ, Hung DV. Reference Value Fibrin Monomer in Healthy Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2024; 30:10760296241247560. [PMID: 38656143 PMCID: PMC11044795 DOI: 10.1177/10760296241247560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine the fibrin monomer reference intervals in healthy children. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Hematology Department at Vietnam National Children's Hospital (April 2023 to March 2024). Children without prior history of clotting disorders or anticoagulants use hospitalized in preparation for orthopedic surgery or inguinal hernia surgery were enrolled in the study. The fibrin monomer test method was the quantitative fibrin monomer test on the STA-R system (Diagnostica Stago™, France). Eighty-six children (58 males and 28 females) were enrolled in the study. The median (interquartile range, 2.5th-97.5th) fibrin monomer value of the study subjects was 2.56 (0.11-5.93) µg/mL, with no statistically significant difference in fibrin monomer values among the age groups of 1 month to 3 years, 3 years to 13 years, and 13 years to 18 years. This is the first study conducted in Vietnam to determine reference values of fibrin monomer in children. This information can help in the diagnosis and treatment of early hypercoagulation stage and disseminated intravascular coagulation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta Anh Tuan
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Dang Xoay
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
- Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Thi Duyen
- Department of Hematology, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Trang
- Department of Hematology, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | | | - Chu Thanh Son
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Thang
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Thieu Quang Quan
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Dau Viet Hung
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Ha Noi, Vietnam
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Honda D, Ohsawa I, Miyata T, Ozaki M, Aizawa M, Tomino Y, Asanuma K. Fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products/D-dimer ratio can be a useful marker for differentiating an acute attack of hereditary angioedema from thrombotic conditions. Allergol Int 2024; 73:174-176. [PMID: 37598072 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Honda
- Department of Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Isao Ohsawa
- Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine, Saiyu Soka Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Miyata
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ozaki
- Aichi Medical University Hospital of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masashi Aizawa
- Department of Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Katsuhiko Asanuma
- Department of Nephrology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Madhurantakam S, Karnam JB, Muthukumar S, Prasad S. COVID severity test (CoST sensor)-An electrochemical immunosensing approach to stratify disease severity. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10566. [PMID: 37693054 PMCID: PMC10486328 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is now a need for point-of-care devices for the quantification of disease biomarkers toward disease severity assessment. Disease progression has been determined as a multifactor phenomenon and can be treated based on the host immune response within each individual. CoST is an electrochemical immunosensor point-of-care device that can determine disease severity through multiplex measurement and quantification of spike protein, nucleocapsid protein, D-dimer, and IL-2R from 100 μL of plasma samples within a few minutes. The limit of detection was found to be 3 ng/mL and 21 ng/mL for S and N proteins whereas for D-dimer and IL-2R it was 0.0006 ng/mL and 0.242 ng/mL, respectively. Cross-reactivity of all the biomarkers was studied and it was found to be <20%. Inter and intra-assay variability of the CoST sensor was less than <15% confirming its ability to detect the target biomarker in body fluids. In addition, this platform has also been tested to quantify all four biomarkers in 40 patient samples and to predict the severity index. A significant difference was observed between healthy and COVID-19 samples with a p-value of 0.0002 for D-dimer and <0.0001 for other proteins confirming the ability of the COST sensor to be used as a point of care device to assess disease severity at clinical sites. This device platform can be modified to impact a wide range of disease indications where prognostic monitoring of the host response can be critical in modulating therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasya Madhurantakam
- Department of BioengineeringThe University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTexasUSA
| | | | | | - Shalini Prasad
- Department of BioengineeringThe University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTexasUSA
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Ezaki M, Wada H, Ichikawa Y, Ikeda N, Shiraki K, Yamamoto A, Moritani I, Shimaoka M, Shimpo H. Plasma Soluble Fibrin Is Useful for the Diagnosis of Thrombotic Diseases. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072597. [PMID: 37048680 PMCID: PMC10095172 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Soluble fibrin (SF) is a form of fibrinogen that is activated by thrombin and is considered to be useful for the diagnosis of the prethrombotic state or thrombosis. Methods: Plasma levels of fibrin-related markers (FRMs), such as SF, D-dimer, fibrinogen, and fibrin degradation prioduct (FDP) levels in critically ill patients, were examined for the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), venous thromboembolism (VTE), peripheral arterial thromboembolism (PATE), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Results: FRMs showed the usefulness in diagnosing DIC and VTE and the cutoff values of D-dimer, FDP, and SF for DIC were 7.2–7.8 μg/mL, 10.0 μg/mL, and 9.5 μg/mL, respectively. The cutoff values of D-dimer and FDP for VTE were similar to the 97.5th percentile values of healthy volunteers, while the cutoff value of SF was 6.9 μg/mL. In AMI and ACI, the cutoff values of D-dimer and FDP were lower than the 97.5 percentile values of healthy volunteers. A receiver operating characteristic analysis for all thrombosis cases showed that an adequate cutoff value in only SF among FRMs was higher than the confidence interval of healthy volunteers. Only SF had high sensitivity for thrombosis, as the FDP/SF ratio was markedly low for ACI, AMI and VTE. Conclusions: FRMs, especially D-dimer and FDP, were useful for diagnosing thrombosis with hyperfibrinolysis (e.g., DIC). As SF showed high sensitivity for predominantly thrombotic diseases, including arterial thrombosis, such as ACI and AMI, a high SF value suggests the possibility of an association with thrombosis. Finally, SF is the most useful marker for raising suspicion of an association with thrombosis, especially arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Ezaki
- Department of Central Laboratory, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan
| | - Hideo Wada
- Department of General and Laboratory Medicine, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan;
| | - Yuhuko Ichikawa
- Department of Central Laboratory, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan
| | - Nozomi Ikeda
- Department of Central Laboratory, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan
| | - Katsuya Shiraki
- Department of General and Laboratory Medicine, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-59-345-2321
| | - Akitaka Yamamoto
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan
| | - Isao Moritani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan
| | - Motomu Shimaoka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Hideto Shimpo
- Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan
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Yang S, Wang T, Long Y, Guo J, Hou Z. Risk Factors of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Adults with Acute Compartment Syndrome Following Lower Extremity Fractures. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2023; 29:10760296231165053. [PMID: 36941784 PMCID: PMC10034347 DOI: 10.1177/10760296231165053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in adults with acute compartment syndrome (ACS) following lower extremity fractures. We collected data on adults with ACS following lower extremity fractures in our hospital from November 2013 to January 2021. Patients were divided into the DVT group and the non-DVT group according to whether they had DVT or not. The demographics, comorbidities, and admission laboratory examinations were computed by univariate analysis, logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. In our study, the rate of DVT (26 of 110) was 23.6%. Univariate analysis showed that numerous factors were associated with the formation of DVT. Logistic regression analysis showed that patients with multiple fractures (P = .015, OR = 5.688), patients with a history of hypertension (P = .011, OR = 16.673), and patients with a higher BMI (P = .008, OR = 1.950) and FDP (P = .013, OR = 1.031) were relevant predictors of DVT. ROC curve analysis indicated 24.73 kg/m2 and 28.33 μg/mL were the cutoff values of BMI and FDP to predict the DVT, respectively. Furthermore, the combination of BMI and FDP had the highest diagnostic accuracy. Our findings identified multiple fractures, BMI, and FDP as independent risk factors for DVT in patients with ACS following lower extremity fractures and determined the cutoff values of BMI and FDP, helping us individualize the assessment of the risk of DVT to manage early targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yubin Long
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
- The Third Department of Orthopedics, 592469Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Junfei Guo
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
- Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment (The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University)
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Wada H, Ichikawa Y, Ezaki M, Yamamoto A, Tomida M, Yoshida M, Fukui S, Moritani I, Shiraki K, Shimaoka M, Iba T, Suzuki-Inoue K, Shimpo H. Elevated Plasma Soluble C-Type Lectin-like Receptor 2 Is Associated with the Worsening of Coronavirus Disease 2019. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11040985. [PMID: 35207258 PMCID: PMC8877880 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11040985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although thrombosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has attracted attention, the mechanism underlying its development remains unclear. The relationship between platelet activation and the severity of COVID-19 infection was compared with that involving other infections. Plasma soluble C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (sCLEC-2) levels were measured in 46 patients with COVID-19 infection and in 127 patients with other infections. The plasma sCLEC-2 levels in patients with COVID-19 infection {median (25th, 75th percentile), 489 (355, 668) ng/L} were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in comparison to patients suffering from other pneumonia {276 (183, 459) ng/L}, and the plasma sCLEC-2 levels of COVID-19 patients with severe {641 (406, 781) ng/L} or critical illness {776 (627, 860) ng/L} were significantly higher (p < 0.01, respectively) in comparison to those with mild illness {375 (278, 484) ng/L}. The ratio of the sCLEC-2 levels to platelets in COVID-19 patients with critical illness of infection was significantly higher (p < 0.01, p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively) in comparison to COVID-19 patients with mild, moderate or severe illness. Plasma sCLEC-2 levels were significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 infection than in those with other infections, suggesting that platelet activation is triggered and facilitated by COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Wada
- Department of General and Laboratory Medicine, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-59-345-2321
| | - Yuhuko Ichikawa
- Department of Central Laboratory, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan; (Y.I.); (M.E.)
| | - Minoru Ezaki
- Department of Central Laboratory, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan; (Y.I.); (M.E.)
| | - Akitaka Yamamoto
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan; (A.Y.); (M.T.)
| | - Masaki Tomida
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan; (A.Y.); (M.T.)
| | - Masamichi Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan;
| | - Shunsuke Fukui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan; (S.F.); (I.M.)
| | - Isao Moritani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan; (S.F.); (I.M.)
| | - Katsuya Shiraki
- Department of General and Laboratory Medicine, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan;
| | - Motomu Shimaoka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan;
| | - Toshiaki Iba
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Katsue Suzuki-Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan;
| | - Hideto Shimpo
- Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi 510-0885, Japan;
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