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Loheide-Niesmann L, Riem MME, Cima M. The impact of maternal childhood maltreatment on child externalizing behaviour and the mediating factors underlying this association: a three-level meta-analysis and systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:2445-2470. [PMID: 36463548 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Child maltreatment can negatively impact not only survivors but also survivors' children. However, research on the intergenerational effect of maternal childhood maltreatment on child externalizing behaviour has yielded contradictory results and has not yet been systematically synthesised. The current three-level meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to provide a quantitative estimate of the strength of the association between maternal childhood maltreatment and child externalizing behaviour and to summarise research on potential mediating factors of this association. PsycINFO, PubMed, and Embase were searched and 39 studies with 82 effects sizes were included in the meta-analysis. Results revealed a small significant association between maternal childhood maltreatment and child externalizing behaviour (r = 0.16; 95% CI 0.12-0.19; publication bias-adjusted effect size: r = 0.12, 95% CI 0.08-0.16). Maternal mental health, particularly depressive symptoms, maternal parenting and children's maltreatment exposure were the most frequently examined mediators of this association, with relatively robust mediating effects for children's maltreatment exposure and maternal depressive symptoms, but mixed evidence for the mediating role of maternal parenting. This meta-analysis provides evidence for a small but significant association between maternal childhood maltreatment and children's externalizing behaviour, emphasizing the need to develop effective preventive and intervention strategies to minimise the effects of childhood maltreatment on the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Loheide-Niesmann
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Madelon M E Riem
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Clinical Child & Family Studies, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maaike Cima
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- VIGO, Juvenile Youth Institutions (YouthCarePLUS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Talmon A, Shilo G, Tsur N. Intergenerational associations between childhood maltreatment, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and chronic pain in young adult offspring and their parents. Stress Health 2024:e3441. [PMID: 38949630 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Findings have revealed a strong link between exposure to child maltreatment (CM) and later chronic pain. Concurrently, other findings have been grounded in the understanding that CM consequences may not end with the exposed individual, rather, they extend to their offspring. However, little is known regarding the possible intergenerational transmission of chronic pain following CM. This study examines whether chronic pain among parents and their young adult offspring may be associated with parental exposure to CM. Three hundred ninety-three parent-offspring dyads (parents' mean age = 58, SD = 5.91 years; offspring's mean age = 27, SD = 3.91 years) completed self-report questionnaires, assessing CM (CTQ), posttraumatic stress (PTS) and disturbances in self-organisation (DSO) symptoms (ITQ), and chronic pain. CM was associated with chronic pain mediated by DSO symptoms among parents (indirect effect = 0.77; p = 0.007) and PTS symptoms among offspring (indirect effect = 0.285; p = 0.005). Offspring chronic pain was significantly associated with parental CM through two intergenerational paths: the mediation of parents' DSO symptoms and chronic pain (indirect effect = 0.298; p = 0.011), and through parents' PTS symptoms and offspring's PTS symptoms (indirect effect = 0.077; p = 0.004). This study's findings support the relevance of the intergenerational transmission of chronic pain following parental exposure to CM. Furthermore, the findings reveal complex PTS symptoms as a possible underlying mechanism for the intergenerational associations of chronic pain following CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Talmon
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gali Shilo
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noga Tsur
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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3
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Grafft N, Lo B, Easton SD, Pineros-Leano M, Davison KK. Maternal and Paternal Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Offspring Health and Wellbeing: A Scoping Review. Matern Child Health J 2024; 28:52-66. [PMID: 37914980 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03825-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are common, often co-occur, and are associated with poor health outcomes across the life course. Emerging research has emphasized the lasting consequences of ACEs across generations, suggesting parental ACEs are associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes in children. However, the individual effects of fathers' ACEs and pathways of transmission remain unclear. A scoping review was conducted to summarize the current knowledgebase of the intergenerational consequences of parental ACEs on offspring health, clarify pathways of transmission, understand how ACEs are operationalized in the intergenerational literature, and identify gaps in knowledge. METHODS Six electronic databases were searched for articles published in English from 1995 to 2022 relating to the long-term consequences of parental ACEs on offspring physical and mental health. Articles underwent title, abstract, and full-text review by two investigators. Content analysis was performed to integrate findings across the included studies. RESULTS The search yielded 14,542 unique articles; 49 met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-six articles focused exclusively on mothers, one solely on fathers, and 12 included both mothers and fathers in their analyses. Six studies used an expanded definition of ACEs. Both direct and indirect associations between parental ACEs and poor offspring outcomes were identified, primarily through biological and psychosocial pathways. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the importance and oversight of fathers and the need to solidify a unified definition and measure of ACEs. This review identified modifiable protective factors (social support, father involvement) and pathways of transmission (parental mental health, parenting); both having important implications for intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Grafft
- Boston College School of Social Work, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA, 20467, USA.
| | - Brian Lo
- Boston College School of Social Work, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA, 20467, USA
| | - Scott D Easton
- Boston College School of Social Work, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA, 20467, USA
| | - Maria Pineros-Leano
- Boston College School of Social Work, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA, 20467, USA
| | - Kirsten K Davison
- Boston College School of Social Work, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA, 20467, USA
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Kyei JJ. As the Twig is Bent so the Tree is Inclined? Exploring the Associations of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adult Relational Impairments in Ghana. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:11272-11289. [PMID: 37427577 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231179722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Studies on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which have been conducted predominantly with samples from Western cultures have found ACEs to be associated with poor health outcomes and relational impairments in adulthood. This study sought to contribute to the ACEs literature by investigating the long-term consequences of ACEs on the interpersonal functioning of adult survivors in Ghana, a non-Western culture. In the current study, the associations of five ACEs (high parental conflict, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect) with four types of relational impairments (alienation, insecure attachment, egocentricity, and social incompetence) were examined using a community sample of 403 adults who retrospectively provided self-reports of ACEs. The most frequently reported ACE in this sample was high parental conflict, while sexual abuse was the least frequently reported ACE. Participants with ACE histories had significantly more relational impairments than those with no ACE histories, however multiple regression analyses revealed no significant relational impairments in adulthood following any ACE experience, whether alone or in any combination, suggesting that cultural values such as collectivism and religiosity may play a protective role against ACEs negative effects in the interpersonal domain. The study's limitations, and the implications of these findings for the Ghanaian and other similar contexts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Joana Kyei
- Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, Achimota-Accra, Ghana
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Gontijo ML, Moreira JM, Silva TR, Alves CRL. Impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) on the development of 18-months-old children. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Garon-Bissonnette J, Duguay G, Lemieux R, Dubois-Comtois K, Berthelot N. Maternal childhood abuse and neglect predicts offspring development in early childhood: The roles of reflective functioning and child sex. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 128:105030. [PMID: 33752901 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggests that offspring of mothers having been exposed to childhood abuse and neglect (CA&N) are at increased risk of developmental problems and that boys are more affected by maternal CA&N than girls. Since impairments in reflective functioning (RF) have been associated with maternal CA&N and offspring development, RF could represent a key mechanism in these intergenerational risk trajectories. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated mediating (RF) and moderating (child sex) mechanisms in the association between maternal CA&N and child development. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING In a longitudinal setting, 111 mothers completed measures during pregnancy and between 11 and 36 months postpartum. METHODS CA&N and impairments in RF were assessed during pregnancy and offspring development was measured during the longitudinal follow-up using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3). Child development was operationalized in two ways: using the global score at the ASQ-3 and using a dichotomous score of accumulation of delays across domains of development. RESULTS Structural equation modeling indicated that RF mediated the association between maternal CA&N and offspring development. Child sex moderated the association between CA&N and the clustering of developmental problems (Wald = 5.88, p = 0.02), with boys being particularly likely to accumulate developmental delays when their mother experienced CA&N (RR = 2.62). Accumulation of developmental problems was associated with impairments in maternal RF in girls and with maternal exposure to CA&N in boys. CONCLUSIONS Results provide novel insights on the role of mentalization and child sex in the association between maternal CA&N and child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Garon-Bissonnette
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Canada; Interdisciplinary Research Center on Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Duguay
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Canada
| | - Roxanne Lemieux
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Canada; Interdisciplinary Research Center on Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse, Canada
| | - Karine Dubois-Comtois
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Canada
| | - Nicolas Berthelot
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada; Centre d'études interdisciplinaires sur le développement de l'enfant et la famille, Canada; Groupe de recherche et d'intervention auprès des enfants vulnérables et négligés, Canada; Interdisciplinary Research Center on Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse, Canada.
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Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma: The Mediating Effects of Family Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105944. [PMID: 35627478 PMCID: PMC9141097 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Family health is important to the well-being of individual family members and the collective family unit, and as such, may serve as a mediator for the intergenerational transmission of trauma (ITT). This study aimed to understand the intergenerational impact of parent’s adverse and positive childhood experiences (ACEs and PCEs) on their children’s adverse family experiences (AFEs) and how family health mediated those relationships. The sample consisted of 482 heterosexual married or cohabiting couples (dyads) in the United States who had a child between the ages of 3 and 13 years old. Each member of the dyad completed a survey, and data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Parental ACEs were associated with more AFEs. The fathers’, but not the mothers’, ACEs were associated with worse family health. Parental PCEs were associated with better family health, and family health was associated with lower AFE scores. Indirect effects indicated that parental PCEs decreased AFEs through their impact on family health. Family health also mediated the relationship between the father’s ACEs and the child’s AFEs. Interventions designed to support family health may help decrease child AFEs.
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DePrince AP. Translating Scientific Knowledge About Trauma into Action. J Trauma Dissociation 2022; 23:205-211. [PMID: 35446242 DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2022.2041225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne P DePrince
- Center for Institutional Courage, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
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Ribaudo J, Lawler JM, Jester JM, Riggs J, Erickson NL, Stacks AM, Brophy-Herb H, Muzik M, Rosenblum KL. Maternal History of Adverse Experiences and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Impact Toddlers’ Early Socioemotional Wellbeing: The Benefits of Infant Mental Health-Home Visiting. Front Psychol 2022; 12:792989. [PMID: 35111107 PMCID: PMC8802330 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.792989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe present study examined the efficacy of the Michigan Model of Infant Mental Health-Home Visiting (IMH-HV) infant mental health treatment to promote the socioemotional wellbeing of infants and young children. Science illuminates the role of parental “co-regulation” of infant emotion as a pathway to young children’s capacity for self-regulation. The synchrony of parent–infant interaction begins to shape the infant’s own nascent regulatory capacities. Parents with a history of childhood adversity, such as maltreatment or witnessing family violence, and who struggle with symptoms of post-traumatic stress may have greater challenges in co-regulating their infant, thus increasing the risk of their children exhibiting social and emotional problems such as anxiety, aggression, and depression. Early intervention that targets the infant–parent relationship may help buffer the effect of parental risk on child outcomes.MethodsParticipants were 58 mother–infant/toddler dyads enrolled in a longitudinal randomized control trial testing the efficacy of the relationship-based IMH-HV treatment model. Families were eligible based on child age (<24 months at enrollment) and endorsement of at least two of four socio-demographic factors commonly endorsed in community mental health settings: elevated depression symptoms, three or more Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) parenting stress, and/or child behavior or development concerns. This study included dyads whose children were born at the time of study enrollment and completed 12-month post-baseline follow-up visits. Parents reported on their own history of ACEs and current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, as well as their toddler’s socioemotional development (e.g., empathy, prosocial skills, aggression, anxiety, prolonged tantrums).ResultsMaternal ACEs predicted more toddler emotional problems through their effect on maternal PTSD symptoms. Parents who received IMH-HV treatment reported more positive toddler socioemotional wellbeing at follow-up relative to the control condition. The most positive socioemotional outcomes were for toddlers of mothers with low to moderate PTSD symptoms who received IMH-HV treatment.ConclusionResults indicate the efficacy of IMH-HV services in promoting more optimal child socioemotional wellbeing even when mothers reported mild to moderate PTSD symptoms. Results also highlight the need to assess parental trauma when infants and young children present with socioemotional difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ribaudo
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Julie Ribaudo,
| | - Jamie M. Lawler
- Department of Psychology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Jester
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jessica Riggs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nora L. Erickson
- Mother Baby Program, Department of Psychiatry, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Ann M. Stacks
- Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Holly Brophy-Herb
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Maria Muzik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Katherine L. Rosenblum
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Roth MC, Humphreys KL, King LS, Mondal S, Gotlib IH, Robakis T. Attachment Security in Pregnancy Mediates the Association Between Maternal Childhood Maltreatment and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Offspring. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 52:966-977. [PMID: 33047183 PMCID: PMC8802169 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-01073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Attachment security may be a mechanism by which exposure to early life adversity affects subsequent generations. We used a prospective cohort design to examine this possibility in a convenience sample of 124 women (age = 23-45 years, M = 32.32 [SD = 4.83] years; 57.3% White, 22.6% Asian) who provided self-reports of attachment style during pregnancy using the Attachment Style Questionnaire, of whom 96 (age = 28-50 years, M = 36.67 [SD = 4.90] years; 60.4% White, 19.8% Asian) were reassessed when their child was preschool-age (M = 4.38 [SD = 1.29] years). Women self-reported on their own childhood maltreatment severity and their child's current emotional and behavioral problems using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist for ages 1.5-5, respectively. Maternal childhood maltreatment severity was associated with less secure, and more avoidant and anxious attachment. Mediation analyses revealed further that less secure maternal attachment, but not avoidant or anxious attachment, mediated the associations between maternal childhood maltreatment and offspring emotional and behavioral problems. These findings suggest that improving maternal attachment security, which can be identified even prior to the child's birth, is an important target to consider for intervention efforts aimed at minimizing adverse intergenerational effects of early life adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa C. Roth
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Humphreys
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Lucy S. King
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sangeeta Mondal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ian H. Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thalia Robakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Beebe B, Hoven CW, Kaitz M, Steele M, Musa G, Margolis A, Ewing J, Sossin KM, Lee SH. Urgent engagement in 9/11 pregnant widows and their infants: Transmission of trauma. INFANCY 2020; 25:165-189. [PMID: 32749044 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The potential effects of maternal trauma on mother-infant interaction remain insufficiently studied empirically. This study examined the effects of the September 11, 2001, trauma on mother-infant interaction in mothers who were pregnant and widowed on 9/11, and their infants aged 4-6 months. Split-screen videotaped interaction was coded on a one-second basis for infant gaze, facial affect, and vocal affect; and mother gaze, facial affect, and touch. We examined the temporal dynamics of communication: self-contingency and interactive contingency of behavior by time-series methods. We documented heightened maternal and infant efforts at engagement in the 9/11 (vs. control) dyads. Both partners had difficulty tolerating moments of looking away as well as moments of negative behavior patterns. Heightened efforts to maintain a positive visual engagement may be adaptive and a potential source of resilience, but these patterns may also carry risk: working too hard to make it work. A vigilant, hyper-contingent, high-arousal engagement was the central mode of the interpersonal transmission of the trauma to these infants, with implications for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Beebe
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Christina W Hoven
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Marsha Kaitz
- Department of Psychology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Miriam Steele
- Department of Psychology, The New School for Social Research, New York, New York
| | - George Musa
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Amy Margolis
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Julie Ewing
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - K Mark Sossin
- Department of Psychology, Pace University, New York, New York
| | - Sang Han Lee
- The Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York
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Recent Trends and Future Directions in Research Regarding Parents with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2020; 7:173-181. [PMID: 32837826 PMCID: PMC7324308 DOI: 10.1007/s40474-020-00204-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review This report updates research on parents with IDD and their children published since 2014. Recent Findings Since 2014, a plethora of studies using large administrative databases in different countries support a contextual approach to understand why parents with IDD and their children may have worse outcomes than other families. In most studies, increased risk of ill health in women with IDD and health and developmental problems in their children were fully or partially accounted for by socioeconomic and psychosocial hardships. New research has found that pregnant women with IDD tend to have risk factors for pregnancy, birth, and postpartum complications that may contribute to adverse child outcomes. Intervention research is gradually becoming more contextualized. Summary More studies are needed on multicultural aspects of parenting, programs that could help parents with IDD overcome social and health disadvantages, comprehensive and coordinated service models that start during pregnancy, innovative parent support arrangements, parenting education for teens and young adults with IDD, use of technology, and dissemination and implementation of evidence-based programs.
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Esper LH, Gherardi-Donato ECDS. Early stress, mindfulness, and mental health in mothers of children exposed to sexual violence. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:110-114. [PMID: 32513459 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Horta Esper
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Herbell K, Li Y, Bloom T, Sharps P, Bullock LFC. Keeping it together for the kids: New mothers' descriptions of the impact of intimate partner violence on parenting. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2020; 99:104268. [PMID: 31791008 PMCID: PMC6937394 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects 1 in 3 US women with the effects of IPV detectable for several generations. While IPV is known to have significant impacts on maternal-child outcomes, little is known about the mother's perspectives of the interplay between perinatal IPV exposure, parenting styles, and safety strategies. METHODS This secondary analysis of semi-structured, longitudinal qualitative interview data explored with pregnant women their histories of IPV, their parenting practices, and safety strategies. Data were derived from a randomized controlled trial, DOVE, with 22 interviews from 11 women collected during pregnancy and 12 or 24 months postpartum. RESULTS Data were analyzed using constant comparative analysis resulting in three themes: "broken spirit," "I want better for my kids and me," and "safety planning as an element of parenting." Women described at baseline having a "broken spirit" due to their experiences with household and family chaos and childhood abuse. However, when mothers ended the abusive relationship, they described a better life and several strategies to protect themselves and their children. During their final interviews, mothers discussed how their lives improved after ending the relationship as well as safety planning strategies they employed like looking for "red flags" in potential partners, struggles with finding trustworthy childcare, and stockpiling money should they choose to end the relationship. CONCLUSION These rich data add new information about how mothers of very young children navigate difficult parenting and safety decisions in the context of lifetime traumatic events and provide insights relevant for practice and research with this highly-vulnerable group of IPV survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Herbell
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, 1585 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States.
| | - Yang Li
- University of Missouri S235 School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Tina Bloom
- University of Missouri S235 School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States
| | - Phyllis Sharps
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, 525 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Linda F C Bullock
- University of Virginia School of Nursing, 225 Jeanette Lancaster Way, Charlottesville, VA 22903, United States
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O'Brien J, Creaner M, Nixon E. Experiences of fatherhood among men who were sexually abused in childhood. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2019; 98:104177. [PMID: 31655250 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatherhood is a complex psychological process, which is shaped at a profound level by reflections on past childhood memories and parenting experienced in childhood. Fathers who were sexually abused in childhood may experience particular challenges for their fathering identity and parenting role. OBJECTIVE This qualitative study explored the experiences of fatherhood for men who were sexually abused in childhood and how they perceived themselves in the fathering role. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Eleven participants were recruited to the study from three therapy services for adult survivors of abuse in the Republic of Ireland. METHODS Data collection comprised face to face semi-structured interviews, which were audio recorded and subsequently transcribed verbatim. Data analysis drew on Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and two superordinate themes with associated subthemes were identified. RESULTS Participants' experience of childhood sexual abuse provided a lens through which they experienced fatherhood and themselves in a fathering role. Fatherhood influenced participants to confront unintegrated aspects of the trauma they experienced in childhood, which manifested in hypervigilance with regard to their children's safety and doubt that they were good enough fathers. However, fatherhood also offered an opportunity to heal. This occurred through striving to provide a better father-child relationship and through connection in restorative relationships, including the therapeutic relationship. CONCLUSION Fatherhood was seen as a potential resource for positive change and can influence long held internal working models of the self and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean O'Brien
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Health Service Executive, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary Creaner
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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