1
|
Sutherland MA, Hutchinson MK, Si B, Ding Y, Liebermann E, Connolly SL, Saint-Eloi Cadely H, Hayes JF, Mueller SD. Health screenings in college health centers: Variations in practice. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38905516 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2024.2361307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the routine screening of female students in college health centers for six priority health-related behaviors and experiences (tobacco use, alcohol use, eating disorders [EDs], obesity, anxiety and depression, intimate partner violence/sexual violence [IPV/SV]), and to identify variations in practice. Participants: A nationally representative sample of 1,221 healthcare providers (HCPs), including nurse practitioners, physicians, and physician assistants, from 471 U.S. college health centers. Methods: HCPs completed surveys (on-line or paper) and reported on routine screening of female college students. Results: HCPs reported consistently high rates (75-85%) of screening for tobacco use, alcohol use, and anxiety/depression. Rates of screening for IPV/SV, obesity and EDs were much lower. Nurse practitioners reported the highest IPV/SV screening rates. Conclusions: College health centers present unique opportunities for screening, case-finding and intervening to reduce long-term sequelae. Providers are well-positioned to lead initiatives to improve screening practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bing Si
- Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Yu Ding
- Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Erica Liebermann
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Somatra L Connolly
- University of Rhode Island College of Nursing, RINEC, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Hans Saint-Eloi Cadely
- Developmental Science Graduate Program Director, Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jacqueline F Hayes
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fraley HE, Ramos de Oliveira C, Aronowitz T, Burton CW. Trauma-Informed Research With Emerging Adult Survivors of Sexual Violence. Clin Nurs Res 2024; 33:429-436. [PMID: 38685710 DOI: 10.1177/10547738241248861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Health researchers have had increasing calls to include vulnerable populations in research to tailor inclusive evidence-based practice interventions. The inclusion of vulnerable populations in research is sensitive and complex. Sensitive topics such as dating and sexual violence are especially complex, with emerging adults the highest risk group for all forms of sexual violence and an especially hard-to-reach population for inclusion in research. Impacts of trauma, including physiological and psychological, complex needs of survivors, and potential for revictimization during interactions when participating in research must be considered. Researchers must be equipped with specialized, trauma-informed skills to safely and ethically conduct all aspects of research. Using the trauma-informed framework, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the complexities of conducting research with emerging adult survivors of sexual violence and to explore evidence-based approaches that can safely include this vulnerable population through the application of trauma-informed approaches. The use of evidence-based, trauma-informed research approaches tailored to engage this population in research can further help to develop effective interventions that are context-sensitive to emerging adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Teri Aronowitz
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sales JM, Anderson KM, Livingston MD, Garbarino S, Hadera S, Rose ES, Carlson MS, Kalokhe AS. Experiences of childhood, intimate partner, non-partner, and hate crime-related violence among a sample of people living with HIV in the epicenter of the U.S. HIV epidemic. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1331855. [PMID: 38384880 PMCID: PMC10879432 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1331855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Experiences of violence among people living with HIV (PLWH) are thought to be highly prevalent but remain inadequately captured. As a first step toward acceptable, trauma informed practices that improve engagement and retention in care for PLWH, we must acquire more comprehensive understanding of violence experiences. We examined experiences of various forms of lifetime violence: adverse childhood experiences (ACES), intimate partner violence (IPV), non-partner violence (NPV), and hate crimes among diverse sample of PLWH in Atlanta, Georgia. Methods Cross sectional data collected from in- and out-of-care PLWH (N = 285) receiving care/support from Ryan White Clinics (RWCs), AIDS Service Organizations (ASOs), or large safety-net hospital, February 2021-December 2022. As part of larger study, participants completed interviewer-administered survey and reported on experiences of violence, both lifetime and past year. Participant characteristics and select HIV-related variables were collected to further describe the sample. Univariate and bivariate analyses assessed participant characteristics across types of violence. Results High prevalence of past violence experiences across all types (ACES: 100%, IPV: 88.7%, NPV: 97.5%, lifetime hate crimes 93.2%). People assigned male at birth who identified as men experienced more violence than women, with exception of non-partner forced sex. Participants identifying as gay men were more likely to have experienced violence. Conclusion Among our sample of PLWH at the epicenter of the United States HIV epidemic, histories of interpersonal and community violence are common. Findings emphasize need for RWCs, ASOs, and hospital systems to be universally trained in trauma-informed approaches and have integrated onsite mental health and social support services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Sales
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Katherine M. Anderson
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Melvin D. Livingston
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sophia Garbarino
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Selaem Hadera
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Eve S. Rose
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Madelyn S. Carlson
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ameeta S. Kalokhe
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lokot M, Hartman E, Hashmi I. Participatory approaches and methods in gender equality and gender-based violence research with refugees and internally displaced populations: a scoping review. Confl Health 2023; 17:58. [PMID: 38066619 PMCID: PMC10704759 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-023-00554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Using participatory approaches or methods are often positioned as a strategy to tackle power hierarchies in research. Despite momentum on decolonising aid, humanitarian actors have struggled to describe what 'participation' of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) means in practice. Efforts to promote refugee and IDP participation can be tokenistic. However, it is not clear if and how these critiques apply to gender-based violence (GBV) and gender equality-topics that often innately include power analysis and seek to tackle inequalities. This scoping review sought to explore how refugee and IDP participation is conceptualised within research on GBV and gender equality. We found that participatory methods and approaches are not always clearly described. We suggest that future research should articulate more clearly what constitutes participation, consider incorporating feminist research methods which have been used outside humanitarian settings, take more intentional steps to engage refugees and IDPs, ensure compensation for their participation, and include more explicit reflection and strategies to address power imbalances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Lokot
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Erin Hartman
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Iram Hashmi
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|