Molecular Targets in Salivary Gland Cancers: A Comprehensive Genomic Analysis of 118 Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Tumors.
Biomedicines 2023;
11:biomedicines11020519. [PMID:
36831055 PMCID:
PMC9953533 DOI:
10.3390/biomedicines11020519]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) are histologically diverse cancers and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify key molecular targets is an important aspect in the management of advanced cases.
METHODS
DNA was extracted from paraffin embedded tissues of advanced SGC and comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) was carried out to evaluate for base substitutions, short insertions, deletions, copy number changes, gene fusions and rearrangements. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) was calculated on approximately 1.25 Mb. Some 324 genes in the FoundationOne CDX panel were analyzed.
RESULTS
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MECa) mutations were assessed. CDKN2A and CDKN2B GA were common in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MECa) (52.5 and 30.5%). PIK3CA was also common in MECa (16.9%). ERBB2 amplification/short variants (amp/SV) were found in MECa (5.9/0%). HRAS GA was common in MECa (14.4%) as well. Other targets, including BAP1, PTEN, and KRAS, were noted but had a low incidence. In terms of immunotherapy (IO)-predictive markers, TMB > 10 was more common in MECa (16.9%). PDL1 high was also seen in MECa (4.20%).
CONCLUSION
SGC are rare tumors with no FDA-approved treatment options. This large dataset reveals many opportunities for IO and targeted therapy contributing to the continuously increased precision in the selection of treatment for these patients.
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