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Vicenzutto A, Joyal CC, Telle É, Pham TH. Risk Factors for Sexual Offenses Committed by Men With or Without a Low IQ: An Exploratory Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:820249. [PMID: 35546929 PMCID: PMC9081977 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.820249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although risk factors associated with offending and recidivism are relatively well-established for mainstream sexual offenses, much less is known about men with a low IQ who have sexually offended (MIQSO), let alone those with forensic involvement. In this exploratory study, 137 convicted for the commission of at least one sexual offense and found not criminally responsible because a mental disorder were recruited in a maximum-security hospital. They were all assessed with the SORAG (static risk factors) and the RSVP (dynamic risk factors). Compared with MIQSO (N = 76), men with an average or higher IQ who have sexually offended (MSO, N = 61) obtained significantly higher scores on static factors related with general delinquency (histories of alcohol abuse, non-violent criminality, violent criminality, and sexual offense) and dynamic factors related with sexual delinquency, paraphilia, and recidivism (chronicity, psychological coercion, escalation, sexual deviance, and substance abuse). In contrast, MIQSO obtained significantly higher scores on major mental illness, problems with planning and problems with self-awareness. Logistic regressions revealed that both the SORAG and RSVP were useful to predict group membership. It is concluded that risk factors related with general and sexual delinquency better describe offenses committed by MSO, whereas risk factors related with mental disorder, lack of insight and contextual impulsivity better describe offenses committed by MIQSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Vicenzutto
- Forensic Psychology Department, University of Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium
| | - Christian C Joyal
- Psychology Department, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.,International Center of Comparative Criminology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Research Center, Philippe Pinel National Institute of Forensic Psychiatry, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Émilie Telle
- Forensic Psychology Department, University of Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium
| | - Thierry H Pham
- Forensic Psychology Department, University of Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium.,Research Center, Philippe Pinel National Institute of Forensic Psychiatry, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Social Defense Research Center (CRDS), Tournai, Belgium
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Harvey TA, Jeglic EL. Attenuation of Deviant Sexual Fantasy across the Lifespan in United States Adult Males. PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND LAW : AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND ASSOCIATION OF PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW 2020; 27:246-264. [PMID: 32944125 PMCID: PMC7476618 DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2020.1719376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Deviant sexual fantasy is identified as a risk factor for sexual offending, yet no study has examined deviant sexual fantasy across the lifespan in nonoffending adult males. To bridge this gap, this study examined the frequencies of normative and deviant sexual fantasies among 318 nonoffending adult males in the United States. Participants were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk™. Participants took two inventories that assessed demographics and types of sexual fantasies. Normality tests, means tests, Kruskal-Wallis 1-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs), binary logistic regressions, and odds ratio post hoc analyses were conducted. Deviant sexual fantasies progressively declined across all three age groups, while normative sexual fantasy did not. Results suggest that deviant sexual fantasy changes across the lifespan. Applicability of the findings to applied settings, such as sexually violent predator evaluations, is discussed. Limitations and future considerations are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany A. Harvey
- Psychology Department, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth L. Jeglic
- Psychology Department, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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Sea J, Beauregard E, Lee S. Crime Scene Behaviors and Characteristics of Offenders with Mental Illness: A Latent Class Analysis. J Forensic Sci 2020; 65:897-905. [PMID: 31923332 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to identify distinct types of crime scene behaviors based on the criminal planning and motivation of offenders with mental illness in South Korea. Furthermore, our study examined the relationships between the identified types of crime scene behaviors in terms of the offenders' sociodemographic characteristics, modus operandi, and types of mental illness. Utilizing latent class analysis, the associations between crime scene behavior types and offender characteristics such as demographic factors, crime scene actions, and criminal information were empirically investigated. In particular, based on a sample obtained from a national police database of offenses committed between 2006 and 2014, four offense groups were identified: (i) instrumental-planned, (ii) instrumental-unplanned, (iii) expressive-unplanned, and (iv) hybrid. Additionally, significant relationships were found between offense styles and offender characteristics as well as criminal backgrounds. The findings suggest that mental disorders influence the types of actions exhibited by offenders during the commission of their crime. The results are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical utility to criminal investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghan Sea
- Department of Psychology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
| | - Eric Beauregard
- School of Criminology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Sanggyung Lee
- Criminal Behavioral Analyzer, Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency, 31 Sajik-ro-8-Gil, JongNo-gu, Seoul, 03169, Korea
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Pedophilia, Substance-use Disorder, and Intellectual Disability: A Case Report. ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1097/adt.0000000000000149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cutrim Jr. RJC, Mendlowicz MV, Valença AM. Crime sexual e retardo mental. REVISTA LATINOAMERICANA DE PSICOPATOLOGIA FUNDAMENTAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1415-4714.2018v21n1p31-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apresentamos o caso de um homem que cometeu estupro de menino de cinco anos de idade. A perícia psiquiátrica concluiu que o mesmo apresentava retardo mental moderado, sendo inimputável. Atualmente ele cumpre medida de segurança em Hospital de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico do Rio de Janeiro. São discutidos fatores motivadores desse comportamento sexual, bem como as questões subjetivas do paciente que contribuíram para esse comportamento.
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Lamy S, Delavenne H, Thibaut F. A case of female hypersexuality and child abuse and a review. Arch Womens Ment Health 2016; 19:701-3. [PMID: 26411572 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-015-0579-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mother-son incest as well as female pedophilic disorder remain underrecognized and misdiagnosed. This is the case of a female child abuser who suffered from hypersexual disorder and mental retardation and whose son was viewed as a substitute transitional sexual partner. Our clinical case shared some common features with female sex offenders previously described in the literature but the association of sexual gratification and hypersexuality without pedophilic fantasies is quite uncommon in female child abusers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Lamy
- INSERM U 894, Centre Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France.,Generale de Sante, Hôpital privé de l'Estuaire, Le Havre, France
| | - Héloise Delavenne
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, INCT de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Florence Thibaut
- INSERM U 894, Centre Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France. .,Psychiatry and Addictive Disorders Department, University Hospital Cochin-Tarnier and Faculty of Medicine Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
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Blasingame GD. Assessment, Diagnosis, and Risk Management of Sexual Offenders with Intellectual Disabilities. SEXUAL OFFENDING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2416-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Martinello E. Reviewing Risks Factors of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities as Perpetrators of Sexually Abusive Behaviors. SEXUALITY AND DISABILITY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11195-014-9365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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van den Bogaard KJHM, Embregts PJCM, Hendriks AHC, Heestermans M. Comparison of intellectually disabled offenders with a combined history of sexual offenses and other offenses versus intellectually disabled offenders without a history of sexual offenses on dynamic client and environmental factors. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2013; 34:3226-3234. [PMID: 23886764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Sexually offensive behavior is prevalent among individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) and many sex offenders also commit other offenses such as vandalism or assault. We examined the differences between sex offenders with ID and a history of combined sex and other types of offenses (mixed sex offenders) versus offenders with no history of sexual offenses (non-sex offenders). Dynamic client and environmental factors were measured using the Adult Behaviour Checklist (ABCL) and the Risk Inventarization Scale on Sexually Offensive Behavior of Clients with intellectual disabilities (RISC-V). Item, subscale, and total scores were then compared for the two groups. Most of the comparisons did not reveal significant differences between the two groups. The findings call for a general theory of offending behavior to explain the absence of differences between the mixed sex offenders and non-sex offenders with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J H M van den Bogaard
- Department Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands; Dichterbij Kennisn@, Ottersum, The Netherlands.
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Templer DI. Rushton: The great theoretician and his contribution to personality. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2012.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Uzieblo K, Winter J, Vanderfaeillie J, Rossi G, Magez W. Intelligent diagnosing of intellectual disabilities in offenders: food for thought. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW 2012; 30:28-48. [PMID: 22241548 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Research on offenders with intellectual disabilities (IDs) in the criminal justice arena is on the rise, reflected by a growing number of relevant publications each year. However, there is a long recognized methodological problem that hampers the comparability of empirical studies and that raises doubts about the accuracy of prevalence rates, comorbidities, and various correlates and characteristics. In this paper we will argue that the crux of the problem can, on the one hand, be found in the plurality of assessment methods for intelligence and adaptive functioning, which are not all sufficiently reliable and valid. On the other hand, assessment of IQ in criminal justice and mental health-related areas appears to be informed more by practical aspects and needs rather than grounded in a solid theoretical model. Hence, we suggest that the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model of intelligence has potential value in this regard, and deserves a closer look. Finally, we will discuss its incorporation into, and possible implications for, criminal justice practice and future study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Uzieblo
- Lessius - University College, Department of Applied Psychology, Antwerp.
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VanderLaan DP, Vasey PL. Male sexual orientation in independent samoa: evidence for fraternal birth order and maternal fecundity effects. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2011; 40:495-503. [PMID: 20039114 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-009-9576-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In Western cultures, male androphiles tend to have greater numbers of older brothers than male gynephiles (i.e., the fraternal birth order effect). In the non-Western nation of Independent Samoa, androphilic males (known locally as fa'afafine) have been shown to have greater numbers of older brothers, older sisters, and younger brothers (Vasey & VanderLaan, 2007). It is unclear, however, whether the observed older brother effect, in the context of the additional sibling category effects, represented a genuine fraternal birth order effect or was simply associated with elevated maternal fecundity. To differentiate between these two possibilities, this study employed a larger, independent replication sample of fa'afafine and gynephilic males from Independent Samoa. Fa'afafine had greater numbers of older brothers and sisters. The replication sample and the sample from Vasey and VanderLaan were then combined, facilitating a comparison that showed the older brother effect was significantly greater in magnitude than the older sister effect. These results suggest that fraternal birth order and maternal fecundity effects both exist in Samoa. The existence of these effects cross-culturally is discussed in the context of biological theories for the development of male androphilia.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Debate continues on whether or not male homosexuality (MH) is a result of biological or cultural factors. The debate persists despite the fact that these two sides have different abilities to create a scientific environment to support their cause. Biological theorists produced evidence, however, that these are not always robust. On the other hand, social theorists, without direct evidence confirming their positions, criticize, with good argument, methods and results of the other side. The aim of this Controversy is to understand the reasons of both perspectives. METHODS Two scientists (R.B. and A.C.C.) with expertise in the area of biology of MH were asked to contribute their opinions. The nurture position is discussed by a third expert in sexology (J.B.). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Expert opinion supported by the critical review of the currently available literature. RESULT The role of the Controversy's editor (E.A.J.) is to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of both sides. The two experts of the biological issue answer with their data to the questions: “Is male homosexuality partly explainable by immunology?” and “How is male homosexuality a Darwinian paradox?”, respectively. Genetic and immunological factors, birth order, and fertility of relatives are largely discussed. Finally, the expert sustaining the idea that culture and experiences are important determining factors in sexual orientation used a psychosocial and holistic perspective to explain his position. CONCLUSIONS The JSM's readers should recognize that there are several biological factors in MH. However, these findings do not seem to be able to explain all cases of homosexuality. Some others may be due to particular environmental factors. The issue is complicated and multifactorial, suggesting that further research should be undertaken to produce the final answer to the question raised in this Controversy section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuele A Jannini
- Course of Endocrinology and Medical Sexology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy.
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Oliveira PAD, Oliveira CCCD, Rocca CCDA, Costa APG, Scivoletto S. The importance of multidisciplinary evaluation for differentiating between mental retardation and antisocial behavior in sex offenders: a case study. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2011; 66:1847-8. [PMID: 22012063 PMCID: PMC3180157 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322011001000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Approbato de Oliveira
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Carlstedt A, Nilsson T, Hofvander B, Brimse A, Innala S, Anckarsäter H. Does victim age differentiate between perpetrators of sexual child abuse? A study of mental health, psychosocial circumstances, and crimes. SEXUAL ABUSE : A JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2009; 21:442-454. [PMID: 19901238 DOI: 10.1177/1079063209346699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To test the theory that sexual offenders who abuse very young children (0-5 years) have more severe mental health and psychosocial problems than those who victimize older children, authors compared psychiatric diagnoses, social circumstances, and crime-related data in all sexual offenders against minors referred to forensic psychiatric investigation in Sweden during a 5-year period. Thirty-one men had committed index crimes involving victims between the ages of 0 and 5 years (Group 1), 90 had 6-to 11-year-old victims (Group 2), and 41 had 12- to 15-year-old victims (Group 3). All three offender groups were characterized by severe mental health problems, in many cases fulfilling American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) criteria for both Axis I and Axis II diagnoses, but these problems did not differ between groups. Neither did social situation or sexual orientation. Offenders with 0- to 5-year-old victims significantly more often abused both boys and girls. Frequencies of retrospectively diagnosed childhood-onset behavior disorders were high in all three offender groups. The authors' data did not support previous findings of increasingly severe mental health problems with decreasing victim age.
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