1
|
Connelly DM, Smith-Carrier T, Butler E, Prentice K, Garnett A, Snobelen N, Calver J. Resilience in home and community care registered practical nurses: a scoping review. Home Health Care Serv Q 2024:1-26. [PMID: 38754012 DOI: 10.1080/01621424.2024.2349526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Critical nursing shortages and experiences of burnout present a significant challenge in the home and community care (HCC) health sector. Determining what factors influence resiliency could inform HCC organizations in developing recruitment and retention resources and strategies. This scoping review identified factors that influence professional resilience in nurses working in the HCC sector. From 1819 documents identified from database searches, using a librarian-informed strategy, eight articles were included. Two domains emerged for HCC nurses, that is, i) professional and work-related characteristics of being resilient; and ii) strategies to promote professional nurse resilience. One domain emerged addressing organizational infrastructure, policy and practices contributing to professional nurse resilience in the HCC sector. The findings revealed that resiliency in HCC nurses extends beyond individual characteristics as nurse professionals, and their personal "self-care" strategies as individual people. Further research is needed to disentangle personal and professional resilience in nurses working in the HCC sector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tracy Smith-Carrier
- Canada Research Chair (Tier 2) in Advancing the UN Sustainable Development Goals, School of Humanitarian Studies, Royal Roads University, Victoria, Canada
| | - Emma Butler
- School of Nursing, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Kristin Prentice
- School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Garnett
- School of Nursing, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Nancy Snobelen
- Registered Practical Nurses Association of Ontario (WeRPN), Mississauga, Canada
| | - Jennifer Calver
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elkudssiah Ismail N, Hui WM, Goh KW, Jimam NS, Hermansyah A, Ming LC. Resilience among Malaysian Community Pharmacists and General Medical Practitioners Using the 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC): The First National Survey. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12080272. [PMID: 36004843 PMCID: PMC9405043 DOI: 10.3390/bs12080272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing importance of the healthcare sector, resilience has become a fundamental personal quality that healthcare professionals need to cultivate to cope with adverse events in daily work. Distress in the workplace cannot only impact the well-being of healthcare professionals but also negatively affect the capability to care effectively for others. This study was conducted to determine the score and level of resilience among private primary healthcare professionals and their relationships with independent variables. Sets of questionnaires on resilience based on the Connor–Davidson resilience scale-10 (CD-RISC-10) were completed by 164 general practitioners (GPs) and 87 community pharmacists (CPs). Inferential analysis was used to assess the difference, correlation, association, and predictor among dependent and independent variables. The validity and reliability of the study instrument were assessed using Modern Test Theory (MTT) and Classical Test Theory (CTT). The majority of GPs and CPs possessed the lowest resilience level. There were significant differences between CD-RISC-10 with gender, age, and years of experience in GPs as well as overall. Significant associations were found between CD-RISC-10 with all independent variables, except for the highest education level in GPs and overall. This study revealed significant correlations between independent variables with CD-RISC-10 in GPs and overall. However, there were nonsignificant differences, associations, and correlations among CPs between all independent variables and CD-RISC-10. Gender was the predictor of CD-RISC-10 in GPs, while age and years of experience were the predictors of CD-RISC-10 in GPs and overall. There was no predictor of independent variables for CPs. In multinomial logistics regression, years of experience and gender were the significant predictors of CD-RISC-10 among GPs. The CD-RISC-10 instrument had good validity and reliability. Overall, healthcare professionals showed a low level of resilience. This emphasized the need to cultivate and build resilience, as it is a desirable, important element when working in harsh and unprecedented healthcare settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail
- Malaysian Academy of Pharmacy, Puchong 47160, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.E.I.); (A.H.)
| | - Wong Min Hui
- Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | | | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (N.E.I.); (A.H.)
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei or
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kunzler AM, Helmreich I, König J, Chmitorz A, Wessa M, Binder H, Lieb K. Psychological interventions to foster resilience in healthcare students. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 7:CD013684. [PMID: 32691879 PMCID: PMC7388680 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience can be defined as maintaining or regaining mental health during or after significant adversities such as a potentially traumatising event, challenging life circumstances, a critical life transition or physical illness. Healthcare students, such as medical, nursing, psychology and social work students, are exposed to various study- and work-related stressors, the latter particularly during later phases of health professional education. They are at increased risk of developing symptoms of burnout or mental disorders. This population may benefit from resilience-promoting training programmes. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of interventions to foster resilience in healthcare students, that is, students in training for health professions delivering direct medical care (e.g. medical, nursing, midwifery or paramedic students), and those in training for allied health professions, as distinct from medical care (e.g. psychology, physical therapy or social work students). SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, 11 other databases and three trial registries from 1990 to June 2019. We checked reference lists and contacted researchers in the field. We updated this search in four key databases in June 2020, but we have not yet incorporated these results. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing any form of psychological intervention to foster resilience, hardiness or post-traumatic growth versus no intervention, waiting list, usual care, and active or attention control, in adults (18 years and older), who are healthcare students. Primary outcomes were resilience, anxiety, depression, stress or stress perception, and well-being or quality of life. Secondary outcomes were resilience factors. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected studies, extracted data, assessed risks of bias, and rated the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach (at post-test only). MAIN RESULTS We included 30 RCTs, of which 24 were set in high-income countries and six in (upper- to lower-) middle-income countries. Twenty-two studies focused solely on healthcare students (1315 participants; number randomised not specified for two studies), including both students in health professions delivering direct medical care and those in allied health professions, such as psychology and physical therapy. Half of the studies were conducted in a university or school setting, including nursing/midwifery students or medical students. Eight studies investigated mixed samples (1365 participants), with healthcare students and participants outside of a health professional study field. Participants mainly included women (63.3% to 67.3% in mixed samples) from young adulthood (mean age range, if reported: 19.5 to 26.83 years; 19.35 to 38.14 years in mixed samples). Seventeen of the studies investigated group interventions of high training intensity (11 studies; > 12 hours/sessions), that were delivered face-to-face (17 studies). Of the included studies, eight compared a resilience training based on mindfulness versus unspecific comparators (e.g. wait-list). The studies were funded by different sources (e.g. universities, foundations), or a combination of various sources (four studies). Seven studies did not specify a potential funder, and three studies received no funding support. Risk of bias was high or unclear, with main flaws in performance, detection, attrition and reporting bias domains. At post-intervention, very-low certainty evidence indicated that, compared to controls, healthcare students receiving resilience training may report higher levels of resilience (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07 to 0.78; 9 studies, 561 participants), lower levels of anxiety (SMD -0.45, 95% CI -0.84 to -0.06; 7 studies, 362 participants), and lower levels of stress or stress perception (SMD -0.28, 95% CI -0.48 to -0.09; 7 studies, 420 participants). Effect sizes varied between small and moderate. There was little or no evidence of any effect of resilience training on depression (SMD -0.20, 95% CI -0.52 to 0.11; 6 studies, 332 participants; very-low certainty evidence) or well-being or quality of life (SMD 0.15, 95% CI -0.14 to 0.43; 4 studies, 251 participants; very-low certainty evidence). Adverse effects were measured in four studies, but data were only reported for three of them. None of the three studies reported any adverse events occurring during the study (very-low certainty of evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS For healthcare students, there is very-low certainty evidence for the effect of resilience training on resilience, anxiety, and stress or stress perception at post-intervention. The heterogeneous interventions, the paucity of short-, medium- or long-term data, and the geographical distribution restricted to high-income countries limit the generalisability of results. Conclusions should therefore be drawn cautiously. Since the findings suggest positive effects of resilience training for healthcare students with very-low certainty evidence, high-quality replications and improved study designs (e.g. a consensus on the definition of resilience, the assessment of individual stressor exposure, more attention controls, and longer follow-up periods) are clearly needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jochem König
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Chmitorz
- Faculty of Social Work, Health Care and Nursing, Esslingen University of Applied Sciences, Esslingen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michèle Wessa
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Harald Binder
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yoshimatsu K, Nakatani H. Home Visiting Nurses’ Job Stress and Error Incidents. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1084822319899392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined the relationship between home visiting nurses’ job stress and error incidents to provide a better understanding of risk management for home visiting nursing services. Home visiting nurses often perform patient care alone, under great mental and physical stress, increasing the risk of human error when executing tasks. A mail survey was distributed to 437 home visiting nurses working at agencies in 71 locations in Japan. The questionnaires were anonymously completed and included items on career history, experiences of job stress, and experiences of incidents. Answers were collected from 230 participants. After eliminating incomplete responses, 146 questionnaires were included in the analyses. Participants’ average age was 48.5 ± 9.3 years, and they had an average of 7.2 ± 5.6 years of experience in home visiting nursing services. In total, 21 (14.4%) were administrators, and 125 (85.6%) were staff nurses. Administrators experienced more no-harm incidents in which an error occurred but did not result in client injury than did staff nurses ( p < .05) and scored higher on three items of job stress (quantitative overload, fit to the job, and supervisor support) ( p < .05). Harmful incidents were positively associated with quantitative overload ( p < .05) and work environment ( p < .01). These results suggest that there is a limit to the extent to which an administrator can offer safe care. A less stressful working environment and active information exchange rooted in a culture of medical safety should reduce the number of incidents.
Collapse
|
5
|
Eschleman KJ, Mast D, Coppler Q, Nelson J. Organizational factors related to attracting job seekers higher in hardiness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SELECTION AND ASSESSMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijsa.12245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Eschleman
- Psychology Department San Francisco State University San Francisco California
| | - David Mast
- Psychology Department San Francisco State University San Francisco California
| | - Quentin Coppler
- Psychology Department San Francisco State University San Francisco California
| | - Jerrod Nelson
- Psychology Department San Francisco State University San Francisco California
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Personal and work-related factors associated with nurse resilience: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud 2019; 93:129-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
7
|
Health Behaviour among Nurses Working in Public Hospitals in Kakamega County, Kenya. Nurs Res Pract 2018; 2017:4683189. [PMID: 29464118 PMCID: PMC5804103 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4683189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Health behaviour refers to actions undertaken by a person who perceives self to be ill for the purpose of finding an appropriate remedy. Nurses as gate keepers of health are expected to seek formal treatment when they are taken ill because this is what they teach their patients. Nurses' working conditions all over the world are described as squalid with long working hours and workload. This scenario predisposes them to occupational health hazards and at the same time denies them time for self-care. Although nurses are knowledgeable about disease and its treatment and have access to health care, they engage in self-treatment in contrast to what they teach patients. Health behaviour among nurses in Kakamega County was investigated using a cross-sectional design. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and subjected to bivariate and logistic regression analyses. The study found that health behaviour of nurses in Kakamega County is below expectation, as 33% (n = 61) engaged in voluntary screening services. Further, 34.8% (n = 65) said that their health would improve if they engaged in health promotion activities. The study recommends empowering nurses to engage in positive health behaviour through education. The county should also provide affordable screening services to its nurses.
Collapse
|
8
|
Mental Health of Nurses Working at a Government-designated Hospital During a MERS-CoV Outbreak: A Cross-sectional Study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:2-6. [PMID: 29413067 PMCID: PMC7127092 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During an epidemic of a novel infectious disease, many healthcare workers suffer from mental health problems. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to test the following hypotheses: stigma and hardiness exert both direct effects on mental health and also indirect (mediated) effects on mental health through stress in nurses working at a government-designated hospital during a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) epidemic. METHODS A total of 187 participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method. The direct and indirect effects related to the study hypotheses were computed using a series of ordinary least-squares regressions and 95% bootstrap confidence intervals with 10,000 bootstrap resamples from the data. DISCUSSIONS The influences of stigma and hardiness on mental health were partially mediated through stress in nurses working at a hospital during a MERS-CoV epidemic. Their mental health was influenced more by direct effects than by indirect effects.
Collapse
|
9
|
Forsythe A. I doubt very seriously whether anyone will hire me; factors predicting employability perceptions in higher education. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2017.1385131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
10
|
Williams J, Hadjistavropoulos T, Ghandehari OO, Malloy DC, Hunter PV, Martin RR. Resilience and organisational empowerment among long-term care nurses: effects on patient care and absenteeism. J Nurs Manag 2015; 24:300-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Williams
- Centre on Aging and Health; University of Regina; Regina SK Canada
| | - Thomas Hadjistavropoulos
- Department of Psychology; University of Regina; Regina SK Canada
- Centre on Aging and Health; University of Regina; Regina SK Canada
| | - Omeed O. Ghandehari
- Department of Psychology and Centre on Aging and Health; University of Regina; Regina SK Canada
| | - David C. Malloy
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies; University of Regina; Regina SK Canada
| | - Paulette V. Hunter
- Department of Psychology; St Thomas More College; University of Saskatchewan; Saskatoon SK Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
AIM The present study explicates the concept of role stress amongst nurses through an analysis adopted from Walker and Avant; Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing, 4th edn, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, NY. BACKGROUND Role stress has become a significant problem amongst nurses and has created much distress leading to burnout among many in the nursing profession. It is significant to analyse the concept of role stress and its relative attributes and consequences, in order to recognize the necessary antecedents needed to create better conditions for nurses at the workplace. EVALUATION A modified method developed by Walker and Avant was used for this concept analysis. KEY ISSUES A model representing the concept of role stress was developed through careful consideration of the attributes, consequences, antecedents and empirical referents of role stress. CONCLUSION The concept analysis of role stress among nurses at the workplace recognized the vulnerability of the nursing discipline towards burnout and distress in general. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT It is critical to be aware of the current state of health care and note the increased workload created for nurses. Nurses are at a greater vulnerability for role stress, making it imperative for health care organizations to critically evaluate and establish preventative measures for the concept of role stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Riahi
- Clinical Education Leader, Professional Practice, Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Science, Whitby, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
O'Rourke N, Kupferschmidt AL, Claxton A, Smith JZ, Chappell N, Beattie BL. Psychological resilience predicts depressive symptoms among spouses of persons with Alzheimer disease over time. Aging Ment Health 2010; 14:984-93. [PMID: 21069604 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2010.501063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the three facets of psychological resilience (i.e., perceived control, commitment to living, challenge versus stability) as predictors of depressive symptoms over time among spousal caregivers of persons with Alzheimer disease; these resilience factors were considered over and above dementia-related and socio-demographic control variables. A sample of 105 cohabiting spouses of persons diagnosed with probable or possible Alzheimer disease was recruited for this study. Multilevel modeling enabled us to examine baseline resilience, and the direction and magnitude of change in resilience over time, as distinct predictors of depressive symptoms one year later, and change in depressive symptoms between points of measurement. Both Time 1 control and challenge predicted lower levels of depressive symptoms one year later; furthermore, an increase in challenge over this interval predicted lower Time 2 depressive symptoms. In contrast, commitment did not emerge as a statistically significant predictor of caregiver depression. Findings of this study provide general support for the stress process model of caregiving; in particular, the central role of intra-psychic factors as significant predictors of depressive symptoms over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norm O'Rourke
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver Campus, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gustafsson G, Persson B, Eriksson S, Norberg A, Strandberg G. Personality traits among burnt out and non-burnt out health-care personnel at the same workplaces: a pilot study. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2009; 18:336-48. [PMID: 19740143 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0349.2009.00623.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Stress-related illnesses, such as burnout, have increased over the last decade, but not everyone at the same workplace develops burnout, suggesting that individual factors may contribute to this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to describe patterns of personality traits among two groups of health-care personnel from the same workplaces, one group on sick leave due to medically-assessed burnout, and one group with no indication of burnout, respectively. Fourteen psychiatric- (n = 7) and elderly (n = 7)-care units, located in one specific area in a municipality in northern Sweden, participated in this questionnaire-based study. The participants (n = 40), on sick leave due to medically-assessed burnout (n = 20), and those with no indication of burnout (n = 20), respectively, completed Cattell's 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire between February and December 2004. Conventional statistical methods and partial least square regression were used to analyze data. The results showed that the burnout group had lower scores regarding emotional stability and higher scores regarding anxiety than the non-burnout group, but the results also showed a wide variation of personality traits within groups. The most important indicators for belonging to the burnout group were 'openness to changes' and 'anxiety', and for belonging to the non-burnout group, 'emotional stability', 'liveliness', 'privateness' (i.e. forthright or discreet), and 'tension'. The result indicates complex interactions between personality traits and the context in which the individual lives. It seems to be important to increase our awareness of when personality traits may constitute opportunities versus risks in dealing with one's existing circumstances.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ea EE, Griffin MQ, L'Eplattenier N, Fitzpatrick JJ. Job Satisfaction and Acculturation Among Filipino Registered Nurses. J Nurs Scholarsh 2008; 40:46-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2007.00205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
15
|
Coogle CL, Jablonski R, Rachel JA, Parham IA. Skills-Enhancement Training Program for Home Care Providers: Implications for Redefining Quality Care. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1084822307310762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on a skills-enhancement training series for direct care workers providing personal assistance under a waiver for Medicaid home care services. Designed to increase professionalism, the training was part of a federally funded state-level initiative to promote change in the community-based long-term-care system. A linear improvement in the ratings of training quality was documented, with the module on stress management rated most highly. The modules pertaining to issues of bereavement and stress management were judged to have more impact than those related to effective communication and dealing with the challenging needs of clients. In general, participants placed greater value on content that contributed to their personal and professional empowerment. Results are discussed as they relate to the social undervaluation of care work, and it is suggested that quality care can be elevated and redefined to reflect the moral bonds underlying professional relationships between caregivers and care recipients.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
During March 2006, a series of statewide conferences was held to discuss home care outcomes, with a special emphasis on strategies for retaining home care nurses. Administrators and owners of home care agencies in one state with high staff retention and a low rate of turnover participated in four panel discussions to share best practices. The discussions were sponsored by TMF Health Quality Institute, the Quality Improvement Organization (QIO). In addition to practitioner panels, a review of the home care research literature on recruitment and retention was presented. This article is derived from the combined evidence shared during those meetings. The three most common strategies for retaining nursing staff were the use of case management or primary nursing, management participation in direct patient care, and open lines of communication.
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correctional nurses function in a high stress environment due to the nature of their clients and the primacy of environmental security. Job stress and satisfaction are theorized relational concepts that influence intent to stay and turnover as described in the anticipated turnover model. An increased understanding of the nature and sources of stress and satisfaction provides necessary information about correctional nursing. OBJECTIVE To (a) replicate an earlier study of correctional nurses to determine whether similar findings could be duplicated in a study of prison nurses from another state and (b) test the concepts of stress and satisfaction as represented in the anticipated turnover model. METHODS Using the Index of Work Satisfaction and the Nurse Stress Index, a correlational mail survey was designed to assess job stress and satisfaction among 454 nurses in a northeastern state prison system. RESULTS Overall stress scores were not significantly different from the original study despite differences in demographic characteristics. Highest to lowest mean scores on actual sources of satisfaction include physician-nurse interaction, autonomy, professional status, task requirements, organizational policies, and pay. Satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the original study. An inverse relationship exists between job stress and satisfaction among correctional nurses. Job stress was a significant predictor of job satisfaction, supporting the theorized conceptual relationship between job stress and job satisfaction as described in the anticipated turnover model. DISCUSSION Stress levels and the top two sources of stress were essentially the same for both groups of correctional nurses. Sources of satisfaction are ranked similarly but subscale and overall scores indicate that the nurses in the replication study were more dissatisfied. Findings validate the theoretical proposition in the anticipated turnover model that job stress is a major predictor variable in explaining job satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A Flanagan
- School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|