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Biel NM, Santostefano KE, DiVita BB, El Rouby N, Carrasquilla SD, Simmons C, Nakanishi M, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Johnson JA, Terada N. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Hypertensive Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Advance Hypertension Pharmacogenomics. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:1380-90. [PMID: 26494780 PMCID: PMC4675511 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Studies in hypertension (HTN) pharmacogenomics seek to identify genetic sources of variable antihypertensive drug response. Genetic association studies have detected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that link to drug responses; however, to understand mechanisms underlying how genetic traits alter drug responses, a biological interface is needed. Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a potential source for studying otherwise inaccessible tissues that may be important to antihypertensive drug response. The present study established multiple iPSC lines from an HTN pharmacogenomics cohort. We demonstrated that established HTN iPSCs can robustly and reproducibly differentiate into functional vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), a cell type most relevant to vasculature tone control. Moreover, a sensitive traction force microscopy assay demonstrated that iPSC-derived VSMCs show a quantitative contractile response on physiological stimulus of endothelin-1. Furthermore, the inflammatory chemokine tumor necrosis factor α induced a typical VSMC response in iPSC-derived VSMCs. These studies pave the way for a large research initiative to decode biological significance of identified SNPs in hypertension pharmacogenomics. SIGNIFICANCE Treatment of hypertension remains suboptimal, and a pharmacogenomics approach seeks to identify genetic biomarkers that could be used to guide treatment decisions; however, it is important to understand the biological underpinnings of genetic associations. Mouse models do not accurately recapitulate individual patient responses based on their genetics, and hypertension-relevant cells are difficult to obtain from patients. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology provides a great interface to bring patient cells with their genomic data into the laboratory and to study hypertensive responses. As an initial step, the present study established an iPSC bank from patients with primary hypertension and demonstrated an effective and reproducible method of generating functional vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett M. Biel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Katherine E. Santostefano
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Bayli B. DiVita
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Nihal El Rouby
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Santiago D. Carrasquilla
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Chelsey Simmons
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mahito Nakanishi
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Rhonda M. Cooper-DeHoff
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Julie A. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Naohiro Terada
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Cardiovascular Disease Modeling Using Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:18894-922. [PMID: 26274955 PMCID: PMC4581278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160818894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has opened up a new scientific frontier in medicine. This technology has made it possible to obtain pluripotent stem cells from individuals with genetic disorders. Because iPSCs carry the identical genetic anomalies related to those disorders, iPSCs are an ideal platform for medical research. The pathophysiological cellular phenotypes of genetically heritable heart diseases such as arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies, have been modeled on cell culture dishes using disease-specific iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. These model systems can potentially provide new insights into disease mechanisms and drug discoveries. This review focuses on recent progress in cardiovascular disease modeling using iPSCs, and discusses problems and future perspectives concerning their use.
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Karathanasis SK. Regenerative medicine: transforming the drug discovery and development paradigm. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2014; 4:4/8/a014084. [PMID: 25085955 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a014084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the explosion of knowledge in basic biological processes controlling tissue regeneration and the growing interest in repairing/replacing diseased tissues and organs through various approaches (e.g., small and large molecule therapeutics, stem cell injection, tissue engineering), the pharmaceutical industry (pharma) has been reluctant to fully adopt these technologies into the traditional drug discovery and research and development (R&D) process. In this article, I discuss knowledge-base gaps and other possible factors that may delay full incorporation of these innovations in pharma R&D. I hope that this discussion will illuminate key issues that currently limit synergistic relationships between pharma and academic institutions and may even stimulate initiation of such collaborative research.
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Adams WJ, Zhang Y, Cloutier J, Kuchimanchi P, Newton G, Sehrawat S, Aird WC, Mayadas TN, Luscinskas FW, García-Cardeña G. Functional vascular endothelium derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2013; 1:105-13. [PMID: 24052946 PMCID: PMC3757754 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelium is a dynamic cellular interface that displays a unique phenotypic plasticity. This plasticity is critical for vascular function and when dysregulated is pathogenic in several diseases. Human genotype-phenotype studies of endothelium are limited by the unavailability of patient-specific endothelial cells. To establish a cellular platform for studying endothelial biology, we have generated vascular endothelium from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) exhibiting the rich functional phenotypic plasticity of mature primary vascular endothelium. These endothelial cells respond to diverse proinflammatory stimuli, adopting an activated phenotype including leukocyte adhesion molecule expression, cytokine production, and support for leukocyte transmigration. They maintain dynamic barrier properties responsive to multiple vascular permeability factors. Importantly, biomechanical or pharmacological stimuli can induce pathophysiologically relevant atheroprotective or atheroprone phenotypes. Our results demonstrate that iPSC-derived endothelium possesses a repertoire of functional phenotypic plasticity and is amenable to cell-based assays probing endothelial contributions to inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. Human iPSCs generate vascular ECs with a rich functional repertoire iPSC-ECs can undergo endothelial activation and maintain dynamic permeability Biomechanical forces direct iPSC-ECs to atheroprotective or atheroprone phenotypes iPSC-ECs are directed to an atheroprotective phenotype via pharmacological stimulus
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Adams
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA ; Program in Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA ; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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