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De Vreught L, Fontenay R, Berthelot PH, Josens A, Coutant T, Méheust P. Stabilisation of femoral capital physeal fractures using transcervical pinning in cats: 19 cases (2014-2022). J Small Anim Pract 2024; 65:189-197. [PMID: 38148605 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report the short-term clinical and radiographic outcomes in cats with femoral capital physeal fractures stabilised with transcervical pinning. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medical records of cats diagnosed with femoral capital physeal fractures and treated with transcervical pinning were reviewed. The collected data included signalment, weight, time from lameness to surgery, reported trauma, affected side, concomitant orthopaedic injuries, radiographs, osteoarthritis, femoral neck osteolysis, proximal femoral epiphysis to femoral neck ratio, fracture reduction, implants, complications and clinical evaluation results. An owner questionnaire was used for long-term follow-up. RESULTS Nineteen cats with a total of 21 fractures met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen of the 19 cats showed no signs of lameness at the 1-month follow-up. Major and catastrophic complications occurred in 9.5% and 23.8% of the fractures, respectively. All catastrophic complications occurred in fractures with a high preoperative osteolysis grade (2 or 3). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In our study, transcervical pinning was found to be a reliable fixation method for the treatment of femoral capital physeal fractures in cats with minimal preoperative femoral neck osteolysis. High rates of implant failure with loss of fracture reduction were observed in cats with high-grade preoperative osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L De Vreught
- Clinique Vétocéane, 9 Allée Alphonse Fillion, 44 120, Nantes, France
| | - R Fontenay
- Clinique Vétocéane, 9 Allée Alphonse Fillion, 44 120, Nantes, France
| | - P H Berthelot
- Clinique Vétocéane, 9 Allée Alphonse Fillion, 44 120, Nantes, France
| | - A Josens
- Clinique Vétocéane, 9 Allée Alphonse Fillion, 44 120, Nantes, France
| | - T Coutant
- Service NAC, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire des Animaux de compagnie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, 7 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - P Méheust
- Clinique Vétocéane, 9 Allée Alphonse Fillion, 44 120, Nantes, France
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Bourbos A, Piana F, Langley-Hobbs SJ. Total hip replacement in a cat with contralateral pelvic limb amputation. JFMS Open Rep 2024; 10:20551169241232297. [PMID: 38659651 PMCID: PMC11041533 DOI: 10.1177/20551169241232297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 10-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat, which had previously had its contralateral pelvic limb amputated, was treated for coxofemoral degenerative joint disease (DJD) with a total hip replacement. The long-term outcome was favourable and no complications were recorded. Interestingly, the contralateral coxofemoral joint left at the time of the previous amputation developed DJD and became a source of pain for the cat and was subsequently excised. Relevance and novel information This case report shows that total hip replacement is a viable option in cats with coxofemoral DJD and a contralateral limb amputation. Retained joints in amputated limbs may develop osteoarthritis and be a source of pain for a cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Bourbos
- Langford Veterinary Hospital – University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, UK
| | - Francesco Piana
- Langford Veterinary Hospital – University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, UK
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Krystalli A, Sideri A, Kazakos GM, Anatolitou A, Prassinos NN. Contribution to the Study of Perioperative Factors Affecting the Restoration of Dog's Mobility after Femoral Head and Neck Excision: A Clinical Study in 30 Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2295. [PMID: 37508072 PMCID: PMC10376395 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare postoperative analgesia and the time of limb weight bearing induced by the intraoperative administration of a local anesthetic at the site of the femoral head and neck excision (FHNE) in dogs, with and without the administration of preoperative epidural anesthesia. Additionally, the impact of postoperative opioid drug administration on weight-bearing time was examined. This randomized, blinded, prospective clinical study included 30 client-owned dogs. The dogs were randomly divided into three groups (A, B, C), each further divided into two subgroups (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2). Group A received epidural anesthesia and ropivacaine at the ostectomy site, Group B received only ropivacaine, and Group C served as the control group. Subgroup 1 received a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug postoperatively, while Subgroup 2 had tramadol added to their regimen. Pain assessment was conducted using the University of Melbourne Pain Scale (UMPS) and an algometer. The study concluded that multimodal analgesia, utilizing all the aforementioned analgesic techniques, resulted in faster limb weight bearing for dogs undergoing FHNE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Androniki Krystalli
- Surgery & Obstetrics Unit, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Sideri
- Clinic of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - George M Kazakos
- Surgery and Anesthesiology-Intensive Care, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anthi Anatolitou
- Surgery & Obstetrics Unit, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikitas N Prassinos
- Surgery & Obstetrics Unit, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Häußler TC, Kornmayer M, Scheich M, Fischer A, Feichtenschlager CJ, Rohwedder T. Retrospective multicentre evaluation of common calcaneal tendon injuries in 66 cats. Part 2: treatment, complications and outcomes. J Feline Med Surg 2023; 25:1098612X221131224. [PMID: 36706011 PMCID: PMC10812042 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221131224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of the second part of this retrospective multicentre study were to describe the surgical techniques used in the treatment of common calcaneal tendon (CCT) injuries, and evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes and complications. METHODS The medical records of five different small animal referral centres and veterinary teaching hospitals between 2010 and 2020 were reviewed. Surgical vs conservative treatment was evaluated. Treatment type, type of postoperative immobilisation, and short- and long-term outcomes and complications were recorded. Minor complications were defined as not requiring surgical intervention. Long-term outcome was evaluated by an owner questionnaire. RESULTS Sixty-six cats met the inclusion criteria. Mean time to surgery was 9.6 days (range 0-185). Most cats (83.3%) were treated surgically. Regardless of treatment modality, all limbs were immobilised for a mean time of 48.2 days (range 2-98). For 63 cats that had the temporary tarsal joint immobilisation technique recorded, a transarticular external skeletal fixator (ESF; 57.1%) or a calcaneotibial screw (33.3%) were used most commonly. The method of immobilisation had a notable, although non-significant, influence on the occurrence of short-term complications, with most complications being reported for the transarticular ESF group. The total short-term complication rate was 41.3%, the minor complication rate was 33.3% and the major complication rate was 7.9%, with pin tract infections being the most commonly occurring minor complication. Three cats (6%) had a total of four major complications over the long term. Most cats (86%) were free of lameness at the long-term evaluation, with an overall successful clinical long-term outcome of 84.9%, according to the owner questionnaire. Cats with traumatic injuries and injuries treated surgically had higher questionnaire scores than those with atraumatic injuries and those treated conservatively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Outcome was generally good in cats with CCT injury, irrespective of the type of treatment. Complications included a high proportion of minor complications associated with the technique of tarsal joint immobilisation. ESF frames were more commonly involved in complications than other techniques. Surgically treated cats had a slightly better long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Häußler
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Small Animal Clinic – Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Matthias Kornmayer
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian J Feichtenschlager
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Small Animal Clinic – Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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Vink JJWG, Hubers MWL, den Hertog E, Schaeffer IGF, van Zuilen D, Maarschalkerweerd RJ, van Klaveren NJ. Short-Term Clinical and Radiographic Outcome after Stabilization of Femoral Capital Physeal Fractures with Cortical Positional Screws in 39 Cats. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2022; 35:403-412. [PMID: 36075271 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to report the short-term clinical and radiographic outcome for the treatment of femoral capital physeal fractures with cortical positional screws in cats. STUDY DESIGN Medical records and radiographs of cats with femoral capital physeal fractures stabilized with cortical positional screws were retrospectively reviewed. Signalment, bodyweight, femoral head affected, fracture classification, fracture reduction, implants, concurrent orthopaedic injuries, osteoarthritis, femoral neck osteolysis, complications and 6-week follow-up clinical results were recorded. A short- to long-term follow-up was performed by telephone questionnaire with the owners. RESULTS Forty-six fractures in 39 cats met the inclusion criteria. In 45/46 fractures, radiographic signs of bone healing were present and 35/39 cats were assessed as walking normally by a veterinarian at 6-week follow-up. There was a significant increase in radiographic signs of osteoarthritis (p=0.037) and femoral neck osteolysis (p=0.001) on 6-week follow-up radiographs. Pre- and postoperative osteoarthritis and femoral neck osteolysis were not associated with clinical outcome. The mean follow-up period for the telephone questionnaire was 48 months (range, 5-147 months). Seven out of 25 owners reported a gait abnormality in the short- to long-term. CONCLUSION Femoral capital physeal fractures in cats can be treated successfully with the use of cortical positional screws. This technique may be considered as an alternative to other primary fixation techniques and salvage procedures for the treatment of femoral capital physeal injuries in cats. This technique seemed successful in cats with a low-grade preoperative femoral neck osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erik den Hertog
- Hertog Veterinary Research Support, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dick van Zuilen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medisch Centrum Voor Dieren, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Bieber B, Reicher B, Tichy A, Bockstahler B. Changes in Ground Reaction Forces and Center of Pressure Parameters of Paws When Wearing Dog Boots in Dogs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:906277. [PMID: 35903138 PMCID: PMC9323085 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.906277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dog boots are commonly used as protective footwear against snow, ice, hot sand, road salt, and paw injury. Only a few studies exist in veterinary medicine that capture the impact of dog boot replacements, such as bandages, on ground reaction forces (GRF) in dogs. To our knowledge, no studies have investigated the effect of dog boots on the center of pressure (COP) in dogs. This study investigated changes in the GRF of the whole limb and selected COP parameters of the paws while wearing dog boots in five Labrador Retrievers. After habituation, data were collected by walking and trotting dogs over a pressure platform without boots (control measurement) and under five different test conditions (wearing boots on all limbs, boots on both front limbs, boots on both hind limbs, one boot on the left front limb, and one boot on the right hind limb). The most prominent change was detectable when one boot was worn on the left front limb, with a decrease of peak vertical force (PFz%) in the left front limb at trot which led to a significant difference between both front limbs and a significant increase of PFz (%) in the right hind limb. Additionally, in both tempi, the vertical impulse (IFz%) showed significant differences between the front limbs; in trot, there was also an increase in the right front limb compared with the control. Furthermore, some significant changes in COP parameters were detected; for instance, all test conditions showed a significant increase in COP area (%) at the right front limb during walking compared to the control. Therefore, our results show that wearing the tested dog boots in different constellations seems to have an impact on GRF and some COP parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bieber
- Section of Physical Therapy, Small Animal Surgery, Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bianca Reicher
- Section of Physical Therapy, Small Animal Surgery, Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Tichy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Platform, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Bockstahler
- Section of Physical Therapy, Small Animal Surgery, Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Barbara Bockstahler
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Rodiño Tilve V, Allaith S, Girling S, Moores AP, Mulholland L, Morrison S, Onyett J, Maddox TW, Lascelles BDX, Langley-Hobbs S, Comerford E. Long-term follow up of 44 cats undergoing total hip replacement: Cases from a feline hip registry (2010-2020). Vet Surg 2022; 51:763-771. [PMID: 35642440 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report indications, complications, and long-term outcomes following feline total hip replacement (THR) using a client-based clinical metrology questionnaire, the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI), and owner satisfaction. STUDY DESIGN Multi-institutional retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS Cats (n = 44) that underwent THR (n = 56). METHODS Feline THRs submitted to a registry over a 10-year period were reviewed. The FMPI and owner satisfaction surveys were used to assess outcome. RESULTS Forty-four cats met the inclusion criteria. Median age was 2 years (range: 0.9-11), and median bodyweight 5 kg (range: 3.3-7.6). British Shorthair and Domestic Shorthair were the most frequent breeds. Most cats were neutered males (33/44) and slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) was the most common surgical indication (34/56). All implants were cemented micro and nano hip implants. Overall complications (11/56) included 9 major complications. The median duration of follow up was 752 days (range: 102-3089). No association was found between clinical variables and complications. The FMPI score improved from 0.111 (range: 0-1.222) to 2.111 (range: 0.888-3.666) postoperatively (P < .001). Owner satisfaction was reported as "very good" in 30/33 cases (90.9%). CONCLUSION A validated client metrology questionnaire showed clinical improvement in cats following THR. The most common indication for THR in cats was SCFE occurring in young male neutered cats. Complication rates were comparable to previous reports. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Total hip replacement appears to be a successful surgical treatment for feline hip disease with very good owner satisfaction and acceptable complication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumaya Allaith
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Lauren Mulholland
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Thomas W Maddox
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital, University of Liverpool, Wirral, UK
| | - B Duncan X Lascelles
- College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Eithne Comerford
- Small Animal Teaching Hospital, University of Liverpool, Wirral, UK
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