Negative Correlation of Serum Adiponectin Level with Aortic Stiffness in Elderly Diabetic Persons

Adiponectin has anti-inflammatory activity against atherosclerosis. Aortic stiffness is a common manifestation of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus and elderly persons. This study aimed to evaluate whether low serum adiponectin levels were associated with aortic stiffness in geriatric diabetic patients. Blood samples were obtained from 130 diabetic participants aged ≥ 65 years. We defined high aortic stiffness based on a carotid−femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) of >10 m/s. Circulating adiponectin concentrations were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Sixty-six participants (50.8%) had aortic stiffness. Patients with aortic stiffness had lower serum adiponectin concentrations than those in the control group (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the adiponectin level (odds ratio: 0.939, 95% confidence interval: 0.898−0.981, p = 0.005) was an independent predictor of aortic stiffness in elderly diabetic persons. Multivariate forward stepwise linear regression analysis also demonstrated that the adiponectin level (β = −0.256, adjusted R2 change = 0.100, p = 0.003) was negatively associated with cfPWV values in older diabetic patients. In conclusion, serum adiponectin is negatively correlated with cfPWV and is an independent predictor of aortic stiffness in elderly diabetic persons.

Hypoadiponectinemia is associated with aortic stiffness in nondialysis diabetic patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease

OBJECTIVES

Albuminuria and serum adiponectin levels are factors that have been associated with the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Here we investigated the relationship between serum adiponectin levels and aortic stiffness in nondialysis diabetic kidney disease patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease.

METHODS

Fasting blood samples were obtained from 80 nondialysis diabetic kidney disease patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was measured using applanation tonometry; cfPWV values of >10 m/s were defined as aortic stiffness. Serum adiponectin levels were determined by enzyme immunoassay.

RESULTS

Forty-two patients (52.5%) with nondialysis diabetic kidney disease were diagnosed with aortic stiffness. The patients in this group were older (p = 0.011), had higher systolic blood pressure (p = 0.002) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratios (p = 0.013), included fewer females (p = 0.024), and had lower serum adiponectin (p = 0.001) levels than those in the control group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that serum adiponectin was independently associated with aortic stiffness (odds ratio = 0.930, 95% confidence interval: 0.884-0.978, p = 0.005) and also positively correlated with cfPWV values by multivariable linear regression (β = -0.309, p = 0.002) in nondialysis diabetic kidney disease patients.

CONCLUSIONS

The results suggested that serum adiponectin levels could be used to predict aortic stiffness in nondialysis diabetic kidney disease patients with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease.

Negative correlation of serum adiponectin level with peripheral artery occlusive disease in hemodialysis patients

Objective:

Adiponectin is a fat-derived hormone that secretes exclusively by adipocytes and has antiatherosclerotic effects. Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) is associated with an increased risk of death in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum adiponectin levels and PAOD by ankle–brachial index (ABI) in HD patients.

Materials and Methods:

Blood samples were obtained from 100 HD patients. Serum adiponectin levels were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. ABI values were measured using the automated oscillometric method (VaSera VS-1000). ABI values that <0.9 were included in the low ABI group.

Results:

Among the 100 HD patients, 18 of them (18.0%) were in the low ABI group. Compared with patients in the normal ABI group, the patients in the low ABI group had a higher prevalence of diabetes (P = 0.043), older age (P = 0.027), and lower serum adiponectin level (P = 0.003). In addition, the multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that adiponectin (Odds ratio [OR]: 0.927, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.867–0.990, P = 0.025) and age (OR: 1.054, 95% CI: 1.002–1.109, P = 0.043) were the independently associated with PAOD in HD patients.

Conclusion:

In this study, serum adiponectin level was found to be associated with PAOD in HD patients.

Low serum adiponectin level is associated with central arterial stiffness in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis

Objective:

Adiponectin has antidiabetic, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-inflammatory functions and protects against vascular damage. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is a noninvasive method for measuring central artery stiffness, which is known to be associated with cardiovascular disease in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between central arterial stiffness and serum adiponectin levels in PD patients.

Materials and Methods:

Fasting blood samples were obtained from 60 PD patients, and the cfPWV value was measured using a validated tonometry system. In this study, cfPWV values of >10 m/s were used to define the high arterial stiffness group according to the European Society of Hypertension and the European Society of Cardiology guidelines.

Results:

Among 60 patients with PD, 19 patients (31.7%) were included in the high arterial stiffness group. When compared to those in the control group, the high arterial stiffness group patients were older (P = 0.029), had longer PD vintage (P = 0.001), higher diastolic blood pressures (P = 0.030), higher fasting glucose (P = 0.014), and lower serum adiponectin levels (P = 0.001). After multivariable logistic regression analysis, serum adiponectin (odds ratio, 0.612; 95% confidence interval: 0.426–0.879; P = 0.008) was identified as an independent predictor of arterial stiffness. The multivariable regression analysis also showed that the adiponectin level (β = −0.408; adjusted R² change = 0.183; P < 0.001) was negatively associated with cfPWV values in patients undergoing PD.

Conclusion:

Low serum adiponectin level is an independent marker of arterial stiffness in patients undergoing PD.

Association of Low Serum Adiponectin Levels with Aortic Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic protein, affects glucose metabolism. High serum adiponectin levels are associated with decreased diabetes mellitus (DM) risks. Aortic arterial stiffness (AS) is associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality in type 2 DM patients. We assessed the association between adiponectin levels and aortic AS in type 2 DM patients. We measured serum adiponectin levels in 140 volunteers with type 2 DM and assigned patients with carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) >10 m/s to the aortic AS group (n = 54, 38.6%). These patients had higher systolic (p = 0.001) and diastolic (p = 0.010) blood pressures; body fat masses (p = 0.041); serum triglyceride (p = 0.026), phosphorus (p = 0.037), and insulin (p = 0.040) levels; and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance values (p = 0.029) and lower estimated glomerular filtration rates (p = 0.009) and serum adiponectin levels (p = 0.001) than controls. Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounders showed serum adiponectin levels (OR 0.922; 95% CI, 0.876–0.970; p = 0.002) as an independent predictor of aortic AS. Multivariable forward stepwise linear regression analyses showed that serum adiponectin levels (β = −0.283, adjusted R² change: 0.054, p < 0.001) were negatively associated with cfPWV. Thus, serum adiponectin level is an independent predictor of aortic AS in type 2 DM patients.