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Artal P, Arvaniti M, Dimou P, Stavrinos C, Ginis H, Hervella L, Güell JL. Peripheral Vision in Patients Following Intraocular Lens Implantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Ophthalmol 2024; 264:120-134. [PMID: 38521156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2024.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To update the literature on peripheral optics and vision following intraocular lens (IOLs) implantation. METHODS We investigated how current IOLs influence peripheral visual function, peripheral optical quality, and visual perception and performance, in patients following cataract surgery. Peripheral vision is described as vision outside the central foveal region of the eye (beyond 4-5° of eccentricity). We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, and gray literature for relevant references. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies were eligible for inclusion. Finally, 47 studies with a total of 5963 participants were eligible for this review, of which 15 were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Regarding visual fields, the meta-analysis showed that the pooled estimate of mean deviation (MD) measured with perimetry tests (standard automated perimetry [SAP], short-wavelength automated perimetry [SWAP], and frequency doubling technology [FDT]) appears to be lower than the mean of healthy age-matched controls, regardless of IOL design. Results for pooled estimate show that localized defects (pattern standard deviation [PSD]) were higher than those in the healthy age-matched controls for FDT. We also collected evidence demonstrating that pseudophakia increases peripheral astigmatism and a myopic shift from 20° onward, leading to decreased peripheral image quality compared with that in phakic eyes. Patient-reported outcomes on peripheral vision showed a pooled score estimate of 95.19, indicating high satisfaction, and for the Steps & Stairs questions, a pooled score estimate at 0.23, indicating no to little difficulty seeing steps and stairs. CONCLUSIONS Peripheral image quality is degraded in eyes after cataract surgery. Nevertheless, whether this degradation leads to impaired visual function in the periphery requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Artal
- From the Laboratorio de Optica (P.A.), Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - José Luis Güell
- IMO Instituto de Microcirugía Ocular (J.L.G.), Barcelona, Spain
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Rua Amaro D, Bertelmann E, von Sonnleithner C. Clinical outcomes and optical performance of a new segmental refractive extended depth-of-focus intraocular lens. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:320. [PMID: 39090592 PMCID: PMC11293127 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The visual performance and the optical quality of a segmental refractive extended depth-of-focus (EDoF) intraocular lens (IOL) were evaluated in a prospective, single-arm, single-center study. METHODS A total of 20 patients (40 eyes) after bilateral implantation of the refractive segmental EDoF Acunex Vario AN6V were included. Assessment procedure: refraction outcome, monocular and binocular uncorrected (UCVA) and distance-corrected visual acuity (DCVA), defocus curve, contrast sensitivity (CS), higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and patient satisfaction were evaluated 1 and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS At 3-month follow-up, mean spherical equivalent was - 0.23 ± 0.32 D. Binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (VA) at distance, intermediate and near was - 0.08 ± 0.06 logMAR at 4 m, -0.03 ± 0.06 logMAR at 66 cm and 0.16 ± 0.06 logMAR at 40 cm, respectively. The binocular defocus curve showed a VA better than 0.20 logMAR over a range from + 1.50 to - 2.45 D. Contrast sensitivity aligned with monofocal lenses, highlighting the lens's clinical value. Aberrometry showed minimal changes in corneal aberrations. NEI-RQL-42-Questionnaire showed a high patient satisfaction for daily activities and revealed reduced dependence on glasses, particularly for near and intermediate vision. The Acunex Vario AN6V demonstrated minimal dysphotopsias, making it a promising option for those seeking spectacle independence. CONCLUSION This segmental refractive EDoF IOL provides a high degree of spectacle independence for far and intermediate distances with functional near VA. Although inducing residual coma aberrations, it showed subjectively good results with little dysphotopsias. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study protocol was reviewed and approved by ethics committee of Charité University, Berlin, Germany, with approval number EA4/126/20.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rua Amaro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité Medical University, Campus Virchow, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckart Bertelmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité Medical University, Campus Virchow, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph von Sonnleithner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité Medical University, Campus Virchow, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Li J, Sun B, Zhang Y, Hao Y, Wang Z, Liu C, Jiang S. Comparative efficacy and safety of all kinds of intraocular lenses in presbyopia-correcting cataract surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:172. [PMID: 38627651 PMCID: PMC11020619 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the efficacy and safety of various intraocular lenses (IOLs), including standard monofocal, bifocal, trifocal, extended depth of focus (EDOF), and enhanced monofocal IOLs, post-cataract surgery through a network meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was conducted to identify relevant studies from the past 5 years. Parameters such as binocular visual acuities, spectacle independence, contrast sensitivity (CS), and optical quality were used to evaluate efficacy and safety. Data from the selected studies were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 and STATA 17.0 software. RESULTS Twenty-eight Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) comprising 2465 subjects were included. Trifocal IOLs exhibited superior uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) compared to monofocal IOLs (MD: -0.35; 95% CI: -0.48, -0.22). Both trifocal (AcrySof IQ PanOptix IOLs group MD: -0.13; 95% CI: -0.21, -0.06) and EDOF IOLs (MD: -0.13; 95% CI: -0.17, -0.09) showed better uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA) than monofocal IOLs. Trifocal IOLs ranked highest in spectacle independence at various distances (AT LISAtri 839MP group: SUCRA 97.5% for distance, 80.7% for intermediate; AcrySof IQ PanOptix group: SUCRA 83.0% for near). CONCLUSIONS For cataract patients who want to treat presbyopia, trifocal IOLs demonstrated better visual acuity and spectacle independence at near distances. Different types of trifocal IOL characteristics differ. EDOF and enhanced monofocal IOLs have improved visual quality at intermediate distances.Therefore, It is very important to select the appropriate IOLs based on the lens characteristics and patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, Jinbu Street, Muping area, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, Jinbu Street, Muping area, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, China
| | - Yuexin Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, Jinbu Street, Muping area, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, China
| | - Yansong Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, Jinbu Street, Muping area, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, China
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shi Jiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Chengjiang Liu
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Anqing First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 246000, China
| | - Shanhao Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University, Jinbu Street, Muping area, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, China.
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Łabuz G, Yan W, Khoramnia R, Auffarth GU. Optical-Quality Analysis and Defocus-Curve Simulations of a Novel Hydrophobic Trifocal Intraocular Lens. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:3915-3923. [PMID: 38143560 PMCID: PMC10743730 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s445461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The optical function of a novel refractive-diffractive trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) was tested in vitro to provide preclinical metrics that predict postoperative performance and may guide patient selection. Methods Fundamental optical characteristics of a trifocal hydrophobic-acrylic IOL with a C-loop haptic configuration (AT ELANA 841P, Carl Zeiss Meditec) were assessed using a fully automated optical test device under both monochromatic and polychromatic conditions combined with increased or compensated spherical aberration (SA). The area under the modulation transfer function (MTFa) was calculated across a defocus range from +1D to -3.5D and used to simulate visual acuity (VA). A polychromatic point spread function (PSF) was employed to assess the light distribution and identify photic phenomena. Results The highest MTFa values were obtained under monochromatic conditions using an SA-neutral corneal model. Nevertheless, after introducing SA and polychromatic light, the IOL performance remained good. Simulated VA values were 0.00 logMAR for distance, 0.1 logMAR at 100 cm, and progressively improving to 0.05 logMAR at 40 cm from the intermediate point. The light-spread analysis confirmed halos around the PSF center, which is a characteristic of trifocal technology. Conclusion AT ELANA 841P demonstrated good optical performance across various distances, independently of spectral and SA conditions, resulting in good simulated VA. Although light spread resembles standard trifocal IOLs, clinical studies are essential to confirm these laboratory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Łabuz
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Weijia Yan
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Ramin Khoramnia
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Gerd U Auffarth
- The David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
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Zamora-de La Cruz D, Bartlett J, Gutierrez M, Ng SM. Trifocal intraocular lenses versus bifocal intraocular lenses after cataract extraction among participants with presbyopia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023; 1:CD012648. [PMID: 36705482 PMCID: PMC9881452 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012648.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presbyopia occurs when the lens of the eyes loses its elasticity leading to loss of accommodation. The lens may also progress to develop cataract, affecting visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. One option of care for individuals with presbyopia and cataract is the use of multifocal or extended depth of focus intraocular lens (IOL) after cataract surgery. Although trifocal and bifocal IOLs are designed to restore three and two focal points respectively, trifocal lens may be preferable because it restores near, intermediate, and far vision, and may also provide a greater range of useful vision and allow for greater spectacle independence in individuals with presbyopia. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness and safety of implantation with trifocal versus bifocal IOLs during cataract surgery among people with presbyopia. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register) (2022, Issue 3); Ovid MEDLINE; Embase.com; PubMed; ClinicalTrials.gov; and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic search for trials. We last searched the electronic databases on 31 March 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized controlled trials that compared trifocal and bifocal IOLs among participants 30 years of age or older with presbyopia undergoing cataract surgery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methodology and graded the certainty of the body of evidence according to the GRADE classification. MAIN RESULTS We identified seven studies conducted in Europe and Turkey with a total of 331 participants. All included studies assessed visual acuity using a logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR chart). Of them, six (86%) studies assessed uncorrected distance visual acuity (the primary outcome of this review). Some studies also examined our secondary outcomes including uncorrected near, intermediate, and best-corrected distance visual acuity, as well as contrast sensitivity. Study characteristics All participants had bilateral cataracts with no pre-existing ocular pathologies or ocular surgery. Participants' mean age ranged from 55 to 74 years. Three studies reported on gender of participants, and they were mostly women. We assessed all of the included studies as being at unclear risk of bias for most domains. Two studies received financial support from manufacturers of lenses evaluated in this review, and at least one author of another study reported receiving payments for delivering lectures with lens manufacturers. Findings All studies compared trifocal versus bifocal IOL implantation on visual acuity outcomes measured on a LogMAR scale. At one year, trifocal IOL showed no evidence of effect on uncorrected distance visual acuity (mean difference (MD) 0.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.04 to 0.04; I2 = 0%; 2 studies, 107 participants; low-certainty evidence) and uncorrected near visual acuity (MD 0.01, 95% CI -0.04 to 0.06; I2 = 0%; 2 studies, 107 participants; low-certainty evidence). Trifocal IOL implantation may improve uncorrected intermediate visual acuity at one year (MD -0.16, 95% CI -0.22 to -0.10; I2 = 0%; 2 studies, 107 participants; low-certainty evidence), but showed no evidence of effect on best-corrected distance visual acuity at one year (MD 0.00, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.04; I2 = 0%; 2 studies, 107 participants; low-certainty evidence). No study reported on contrast sensitivity or quality of life at one-year follow-up. Data from one study at three months suggest that contrast sensitivity did not differ between groups under photopic conditions, but may be worse in the trifocal group in one of the four frequencies under mesopic conditions (MD -0.19, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.05; 1 study; I2 = 0%, 25 participants; low-certainty evidence). One study examined vision-related quality of life using the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) at six months, and suggested no evidence of a difference between trifocal and bifocal IOLs (MD 1.41, 95% CI -1.78 to 4.60; 1 study, 40 participants; low-certainty evidence). Adverse events Adverse events reporting varied among studies. Of five studies reporting information on adverse events, two studies observed no intraoperative and postoperative complications or no posterior capsular opacification at six months. One study reported that glare and halos were similar to the preoperative measurements. One study reported that 4 (20%) and 10 (50%) participants had glare complaints at 6 months in trifocal and bifocal group, respectively (risk ratio 0.40, 95% CI 0.15 to 1.07; 40 participants). One study reported that four eyes (11.4%) in the bifocal group and three eyes (7.5%) in the trifocal group developed significant posterior capsular opacification requiring YAG capsulotomy at one year. The certainty of the evidence for adverse events was low. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found low-certainty of evidence that compared with bifocal IOL, implantation of trifocal IOL may improve uncorrected intermediate visual acuity at one year. However, there was no evidence of a difference between trifocal and bifocal IOL for uncorrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected near visual acuity, and best-corrected visual acuity at one year. Future research should include the comparison of both trifocal IOL and specific bifocal IOLs that correct intermediate visual acuity to evaluate important outcomes such as contrast sensitivity, quality of life, and vision-related adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Zamora-de La Cruz
- Anterior Segment Department, Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - John Bartlett
- Jules Stein Eye Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mario Gutierrez
- Retina and Vitreous Department, Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sueko M Ng
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Fernández J, Alfonso Sánchez JF, Nieradzik M, Valcárcel B, Burguera N, Kapp A. Visual performance, safety and patient satisfaction after bilateral implantation of a trifocal intraocular lens in presbyopic patients without cataract. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:341. [PMID: 35948879 PMCID: PMC9364506 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02556-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) for the correction of presbyopia and to assess patient satisfaction. Methods Records from three centres were reviewed to select presbyopic patients having undergone bilateral refractive lens exchange and implantation of the AT LISA tri 839MP multifocal IOL. Postoperatively, monocular and binocular distance, intermediate and near visual acuities, corrected and uncorrected, and subjective refraction were measured. Patients also completed a quality of life questionnaire. Safety evaluation included IOL stability and postoperative complications. Results 72 eyes (36 patients) were analysed. No clinically significant difference between pre- and postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was found for monocular or binocular measurements. Mean postoperative monocular CDVA was 0.02 ± 0.04 logMAR. Mean refractive values all improved statistically significantly compared with preoperative baseline (p ≤ 0.0064). Overall, 82.4% of eyes had spherical equivalent within ± 0.5 D and 97.1% within ± 1.0 D of emmetropia with a mean accuracy of -0.10 ± 0.41 D. Spectacle independence for distance, intermediate and near visual acuity was 87.5%, 84.4% and 78.1% respectively, and 78.1% of patients were satisfied with their postoperative, spectacle-free vision. Eight eyes received Nd:YAG laser treatment. No other IOL-related safety issues were reported. Conclusion AT LISA tri 839MP multifocal IOL bilaterally implanted in presbyopic patients provided excellent distance, intermediate and near visual outcomes with very accurate correction of refraction. These results were associated with a high level of spectacle independence and patient satisfaction. Trial registration Trial registered on https://clinicaltrials.gov/ under the identification NCT03790592 (31/12/2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Fernández
- Qvision, Department of Ophthalmology of VITHAS Almería Hospital, 04120, Almería, Spain.
| | - José F Alfonso Sánchez
- Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Av. Doctores Fernández Vega, 34, 33012, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Mark Nieradzik
- Augenzentrum Michelfeld, Daimlerstraße 60, 74545, Michelfeld, Germany
| | - Beatriz Valcárcel
- Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Av. Doctores Fernández Vega, 34, 33012, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Noemí Burguera
- Qvision, Department of Ophthalmology of VITHAS Almería Hospital, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Alexander Kapp
- Augenzentrum Michelfeld, Daimlerstraße 60, 74545, Michelfeld, Germany
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Visual and patient-reported factors leading to satisfaction after implantation of diffractive EDOF and trifocal intraocular lenses. J Cataract Refract Surg 2021; 48:421-428. [PMID: 34417785 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate factors that influence postoperative satisfaction in patients with diffractive EDOF and multifocal IOLs. SETTING Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany. DESIGN Observational case study. METHODS Patients were evaluated after implantation of a diffractive EDOF (Symfony, J&J, USA; AT LARA, CZM, Germany) or tri-/quadrifocal (AT LISAtri, CZM, Germany; Panoptix, Alcon, USA) 3 months postoperatively. A subjective refraction was performed, uncorrected and corrected visual acuity was tested for distance (UDVA, CDVA), intermediate (at 60 & 80cm, UIVA, DCIVA), and near (at 40cm, UNVA, DCNVA). A test for contrast sensitivity was done and the patients filled out two different questionnaires on daily activities and optical phenomena. Parameters with a potential correlation to the postoperative overall satisfaction were investigated. RESULTS We included 94 patients with a mean age of 66 years ± 19. Patients with a better UDVA and UIVA at 60cm were more likely to choose the same IOL again. The intensity of subjective optical phenomena and the visual quality at different tasks of daily living influenced the overall satisfaction. UIVA at 80cm, UNVA, and corrected VA demonstrated no significant influence on patient satisfaction. The uncorrected visual acuity at specific distances had a direct impact on the subjective visual quality regarding the task performed at those distances. CONCLUSION For patients with diffractive EDOF and multifocal IOLs, the UDVA and UIVA at 60cm seem to be more important than the UNVA and UIVA at 80cm. Subjective visual quality and optical phenomena influence patient satisfaction, as well.
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Fernández J, Rodríguez-Vallejo M, Martínez J, Burguera N, Piñero DP. Long-Term Efficacy, Visual Performance and Patient Reported Outcomes with a Trifocal Intraocular Lens: A Six-Year Follow-up. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10092009. [PMID: 34067168 PMCID: PMC8125847 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10092009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: To evaluate the efficacy at 6 years postoperative after the implantation of a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) AT Lisa Tri 839MP. The secondary objective was to evaluate the contrast sensitivity defocus curve (CSDC), light distortion analysis (LDA), and patient reported outcomes (PROs). (2) Methods: Sixty-two subjects participated in phone call interviews to collect data regarding a visual function questionnaire (VF-14), a patient reported spectacle independence questionnaire (PRSIQ), and questions related to satisfaction and decision to be implanted with the same IOL. Thirty-seven of these subjects were consecutively invited to a study visit for measurement of their visual acuity (VA), CSDC, and LDA. (3) Results: The mean monocular distance corrected VA was −0.05, 0.08, and 0.05 logMAR at far and distances of 67 cm and 40 cm, respectively. These VAs were significantly superior to those reported in previous literature (p < 0.05). The total area under the CSDC was 2.29 logCS/m−1 and the light distortion index 18.82%. The mean VF-14 score was 94.73, with 19.4% of subjects requiring spectacles occasionally for near distances, and 88.9% considering the decision of being operated again; (4) Conclusions: Long-term AT LISA Tri 839MP IOL efficacy results were equal or better than those reported 12 months postoperatively in previous studies. The spectacle independence and satisfaction rates were comparable to those reported in short-term studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Fernández
- Qvision, Department of Ophthalmology of VITHAS Almería Hospital, 04120 Almería, Spain; (J.F.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Vallejo
- Qvision, Department of Ophthalmology of VITHAS Almería Hospital, 04120 Almería, Spain; (J.F.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9-5021-7171
| | - Javier Martínez
- Qvision, Department of Ophthalmology of VITHAS Almería Hospital, 04120 Almería, Spain; (J.F.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Noemi Burguera
- Qvision, Department of Ophthalmology of VITHAS Almería Hospital, 04120 Almería, Spain; (J.F.); (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - David P. Piñero
- Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, 03009 Alicante, Spain;
- Department of Ophthalmology (IMQO-Oftalmar), Vithas Medimar International Hospital, 03016 Alicante, Spain
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