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Salazar-Gómez A, Velo-Silvestre AA, Alonso-Castro AJ, Hernández-Zimbrón LF. Medicinal Plants Used for Eye Conditions in Mexico-A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1432. [PMID: 37895904 PMCID: PMC10610470 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been historically significant for treating common human diseases in Mexico. Although some ethnobotanical research exists, limited ethnomedicinal data has documented medicinal plants employed for eye health. This review focuses on ethnomedicinal information and preclinical and clinical studies regarding medicinal plants used in Mexico for treating symptoms associated with eye conditions. An electronic database search was conducted by consulting scientific articles, books about Mexican herbal medicine, and academic theses. This work recorded 69 plant species belonging to 26 plant families, especially plants from the Crassulaceae family, which are used as remedies for irritation and infections in the eye. Eight of these medicinal plants have been the subject of preclinical studies using ocular models, and one medicinal plant has been tested in clinical trials. The evidence of pharmacological effects indicates the promising therapeutic potential of these medicinal plants for developing new treatments for eye conditions. However, toxicological studies are necessary to ensure safe application to the eye, particularly as traditional medicine continues to be relied upon worldwide. In addition, this review highlights the need to perform ethnobotanical and phytochemical studies in Mexico regarding the medicinal flora used as remedies for eye conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuar Salazar-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Área de Optomtería, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (ENES-León UNAM), Blvd. UNAM 2011, Guanajuato 37684, Mexico;
| | - Amabile A. Velo-Silvestre
- Clínica de Optometría, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (ENES-León UNAM), Blvd. UNAM 2011, Guanajuato 37684, Mexico;
| | - Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta, Colonia Noria Alta Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36250, Mexico
| | - Luis Fernando Hernández-Zimbrón
- Laboratorio de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Área de Optomtería, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (ENES-León UNAM), Blvd. UNAM 2011, Guanajuato 37684, Mexico;
- Clínica de Optometría, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (ENES-León UNAM), Blvd. UNAM 2011, Guanajuato 37684, Mexico;
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Davidson RS, Donaldson K, Jeffries M, Khandelwal S, Raizman M, Rodriguez Torres Y, Kim T. Persistent opioid use in cataract surgery pain management and the role of nonopioid alternatives. J Cataract Refract Surg 2022; 48:730-740. [PMID: 34753878 PMCID: PMC9119400 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cataracts are a leading cause of preventable blindness globally. Although care varies between developing and industrialized countries, surgery is the single effective approach to treating cataracts. From the earliest documented primitive cataract removals to today's advanced techniques, cataract surgery has evolved dramatically. As surgical techniques have developed, so have approaches to surgical pain management. With current cataract surgical procedures and advanced technology, anesthesia and intraoperative pain management have shifted to topical/intracameral anesthetics, with or without low-dose systemic analgesia and anxiolysis. Despite this, pain and discomfort persist in some patients and are underappreciated in modern cataract surgery. Although pain management has progressed, opioids remain a mainstay intraoperatively and, to a lesser extent, postoperatively. This article discusses the evolution of pain management in cataract surgery, particularly the use of opioids and the associated risks as well as how ophthalmology can have a positive impact on the opioid crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S. Davidson
- From the University of Colorado Eye Center, Denver, Colorado (Davidson); the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Plantation, Florida (Donaldson); the Houston Eye Associates, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Eye Center of Texas, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Baylor College of Medicine, Cullen Eye Institute, Houston, Texas (Khandelwal); the Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Eye Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Raizman); the Kresge Eye Institute, Detroit, Michigan (Rodriguez Torres); the Elmquist Eye Group, Fort Myers, Florida (Rodriguez Torres); the Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (Kim)
| | - Kendall Donaldson
- From the University of Colorado Eye Center, Denver, Colorado (Davidson); the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Plantation, Florida (Donaldson); the Houston Eye Associates, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Eye Center of Texas, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Baylor College of Medicine, Cullen Eye Institute, Houston, Texas (Khandelwal); the Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Eye Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Raizman); the Kresge Eye Institute, Detroit, Michigan (Rodriguez Torres); the Elmquist Eye Group, Fort Myers, Florida (Rodriguez Torres); the Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (Kim)
| | - Maggie Jeffries
- From the University of Colorado Eye Center, Denver, Colorado (Davidson); the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Plantation, Florida (Donaldson); the Houston Eye Associates, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Eye Center of Texas, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Baylor College of Medicine, Cullen Eye Institute, Houston, Texas (Khandelwal); the Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Eye Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Raizman); the Kresge Eye Institute, Detroit, Michigan (Rodriguez Torres); the Elmquist Eye Group, Fort Myers, Florida (Rodriguez Torres); the Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (Kim)
| | - Sumitra Khandelwal
- From the University of Colorado Eye Center, Denver, Colorado (Davidson); the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Plantation, Florida (Donaldson); the Houston Eye Associates, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Eye Center of Texas, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Baylor College of Medicine, Cullen Eye Institute, Houston, Texas (Khandelwal); the Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Eye Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Raizman); the Kresge Eye Institute, Detroit, Michigan (Rodriguez Torres); the Elmquist Eye Group, Fort Myers, Florida (Rodriguez Torres); the Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (Kim)
| | - Michael Raizman
- From the University of Colorado Eye Center, Denver, Colorado (Davidson); the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Plantation, Florida (Donaldson); the Houston Eye Associates, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Eye Center of Texas, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Baylor College of Medicine, Cullen Eye Institute, Houston, Texas (Khandelwal); the Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Eye Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Raizman); the Kresge Eye Institute, Detroit, Michigan (Rodriguez Torres); the Elmquist Eye Group, Fort Myers, Florida (Rodriguez Torres); the Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (Kim)
| | - Yasaira Rodriguez Torres
- From the University of Colorado Eye Center, Denver, Colorado (Davidson); the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Plantation, Florida (Donaldson); the Houston Eye Associates, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Eye Center of Texas, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Baylor College of Medicine, Cullen Eye Institute, Houston, Texas (Khandelwal); the Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Eye Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Raizman); the Kresge Eye Institute, Detroit, Michigan (Rodriguez Torres); the Elmquist Eye Group, Fort Myers, Florida (Rodriguez Torres); the Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (Kim)
| | - Terry Kim
- From the University of Colorado Eye Center, Denver, Colorado (Davidson); the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Plantation, Florida (Donaldson); the Houston Eye Associates, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Eye Center of Texas, Houston, Texas (Jeffries); the Baylor College of Medicine, Cullen Eye Institute, Houston, Texas (Khandelwal); the Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Eye Center, Boston, Massachusetts (Raizman); the Kresge Eye Institute, Detroit, Michigan (Rodriguez Torres); the Elmquist Eye Group, Fort Myers, Florida (Rodriguez Torres); the Duke Eye Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina (Kim)
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Leffler CT, Schwartz SG, Peterson E, Couser NL, Salman AR. The First Cataract Surgeons in the British Isles. Am J Ophthalmol 2021; 230:75-122. [PMID: 33744237 PMCID: PMC8446104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the entry of cataract surgery into the British Isles. METHODS Handbills, books, and other historical sources were reviewed to determine when cataract surgery was first performed in the region. RESULTS Roman artifacts suggest that couching was performed in the British Isles in antiquity. Seemingly miraculous cures of blindness during the early Middle Ages might be consistent with couching. However, there is no strong evidence of medieval cataract surgery in the region. Cataract couching probably arrived in England by the 1560s, in Scotland by 1595, in Ireland by 1684, and in Anglo-America by 1751. Before the 18th century, cataract surgery was taught within families, apprenticeships, and mountebank troupes. Beginning in the 17th century, congenital cataract surgery permitted surgeons to tout their skills and to explore visual perception. However, in some cases, such as the couching of the 13-year-old Daniel Dolins by surgeon William Cheselden in 1727, whether the cataracts were truly congenital, and whether vision improved in any way, remain in doubt. Beginning in the 1720s, cataract surgery began to be performed by traditional surgeons in hospitals. However, for most of the century, the highest-volume cataract surgeons continued to be itinerant oculists, including those who performed cataract extraction in the latter half of the century. CONCLUSIONS Cataract surgery might have been performed in Roman Britain. Specific evidence of cataract surgery emerges in the region in the Elizabethan era. Cataract extraction was performed in the British Isles by 1753, but couching remained popular throughout the 18th century. NOTE: Publication of this article is sponsored by the American Ophthalmological Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Leffler
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Human and Molecular Genetics, and Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
| | - Stephen G Schwartz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Naples, Florida, USA
| | - Eric Peterson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Natario L Couser
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Human and Molecular Genetics, and Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Abdul-Rahman Salman
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Human and Molecular Genetics, and Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Leffler CT, Klebanov A, Samara WA, Grzybowski A. The history of cataract surgery: from couching to phacoemulsification. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1551. [PMID: 33313296 PMCID: PMC7729313 DOI: 10.21037/atm-2019-rcs-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Where and when cataract surgery started have been a mystery. Indian tradition and the Persian author Zarrin-Dast attributed the procedure to the Indians, while pseudo-Galen suggested an Egyptian origin. Certain idiosyncratic practices are common to early Greek and Sanskrit descriptions of cataract couching, e.g., the requirement for maturity of the cataract, the preference for patients of intermediate ages, comparison of some eyes to glass, rubbing the eye, having a wide portion of the couching instrument shaft, pars-plana puncture with avoidance of the vein, and immediate vision testing. In ancient Greece and India, the words describing the color of a healthy blue eye (glaukos and nīla, respectively) could also characterize a poorly-seeing eye not curable by surgery. In both regions, the lens (or pupillary region) was compared to a lentil, and colored entoptic phenomena were noted. The sitting posture of the patient, ocular convergence towards the nose, the more systematized integration of the humoral theory with cataract surgery, and possibly blowing on the eye and putting cotton on the eye are all consistent with an Indian origin for the procedure. On the other hand, the emphasis on surgical ambidexterity could suggest an origin close to the Mediterranean. Thus, the question of where cataract surgery started has not been resolved. Various authors have suggested that multiple types of cataract surgery were practiced in the ancient and medieval periods: (I) couching, (II) discission (division), (III) aspiration through a tube, (IV) extraction through a limbal incision, and (V) expulsion of lens remnants around an embedded probe. We review the evidence in favor (and against) each of these types of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrey Klebanov
- Department of Indological Studies, Faculty of Letters, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Wasim A Samara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Andrzej Grzybowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.,Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Poznan, Poland
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Luu KY, Zhao M, Mannis MJ. The Use of Electrotherapeutics in Ophthalmology. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 211:4-14. [PMID: 31738895 PMCID: PMC7949834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a perspective on the use of electrotherapeutics in the history of ophthalmology along with the development of novel contemporary ophthalmic instrumentation. DESIGN Perspective study. METHODS We reviewed historical journals, articles, and books discussing the use of electricity and electrotherapeutics in ophthalmology. RESULTS Electrotherapeutic applications have been researched and used to treat ocular diseases as far back as the 18th century. By the 20th century, research in electrotherapeutics in ophthalmology had caught the eye of Edward Jackson, the first president of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and first editor of the present (third) series American Journal of Ophthalmology. Edward Jackson published an extensive review on this topic and reported a variety of modalities used to treat ocular diseases. CONCLUSIONS While many early therapeutic uses of electricity did not produce effective and replicable results, studies on electrical stimulation of the eye provided the foundation for the development of clinically significant vision enhancing and restoring instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieu-Yen Luu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Mark J Mannis
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.
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Grüb M. [The Blindness of George Frideric Handel]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2019; 238:1138-1140. [PMID: 31075806 DOI: 10.1055/a-0868-7907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Grüb
- Villa im Lindengarten, Augenarztpraxis, Breisach am Rhein
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Leffler CT, Letocha CE, Pierson K, Schwartz SG. Aspiration of cataract in 1815 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Digit J Ophthalmol 2017; 23:4-7. [PMID: 29403333 DOI: 10.5693/djo.01.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We present and discuss the previously unrecognized evidence for the possible introduction of cataract extraction by aspiration into modern Western medicine on March 26, 1815, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, by surgeon Philip Syng Physick. On this date, he successfully extracted a cataract by suction through a tube, according to newspaper reports written by the patient, an attorney who sought a patent on the suction device. Aspects of the patient's account are confirmed by supporting evidence from the medical community and by a cataract instrument set attributed to Physick, which includes a cannula attached to a syringe. The evidence suggests that Physick was the first to reintroduce cataract aspiration to Western medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles E Letocha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.,Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Naples, Florida
| | - Kasey Pierson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
| | - Stephen G Schwartz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Naples, Florida
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Leffler CT, Schwartz SG, Le JQ. American Insight Into Strabismus Surgery Before 1838. OPHTHALMOLOGY AND EYE DISEASES 2017; 9:1179172117729367. [PMID: 28932129 PMCID: PMC5598791 DOI: 10.1177/1179172117729367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
English surgeon John Taylor attempted to perform strabismus surgery in the 18th century. The field languished until, in Germany, treatment of strabismus by cutting an extraocular muscle was proposed by Louis Stromeyer in 1838 and performed by Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach in 1839. According to traditional teaching, there has never been any proof that anyone in the United States thought of the idea of strabismus surgery before Stromeyer’s report. In 1841, American surgeon William Gibson wrote that he had cut extraocular muscles to treat strabismus several times beginning in 1818 but never published his cases. Gibson’s former trainee Alexander E Hosack of New York confirmed Gibson’s memory. Interestingly, Hosack’s family had a connection with the family of New York oculist John Scudder Jr (1807-1843), whose reported cure of strabismus by cutting some of the fibers of an extraocular muscle was described in newspapers throughout the United States in 1837. Thus, Scudder’s report preceded that of Stromeyer. Scudder’s claim cannot be verified, but his description could have influenced Stromeyer, and demonstrates that the idea of strabismus surgery did exist in America before 1838.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen G Schwartz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Naples, FL, USA
| | - John Q Le
- Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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