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Rimárová K, Samasca G, Makovický P, Žáková P, Lupan I, Dorko E, Diabelková J, Kaňuková L, Jenča A, Petrášová A, Kluková D, Silaghi C, Makovický P. Genetically modified rodent models and celiac, non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a minireview. Cent Eur J Public Health 2022; 30 Suppl:S27-S31. [PMID: 35841222 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a disorder that affects both children and adults. Over the few last decades, several new atypical cases have been identified through improved diagnostic tools. On the other hand, the onset of CD at a later age, including atypical CD forms whose clinical picture overlaps with other autoimmune diseases, shows that currently there are several unknown gene mutations, which could be responsible for the disease development. Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is entity included by the ingestion of gluten leading to intestinal, or extraintestinal symptoms that improve once the gluten is removed from the nutrition. In this article relationships between genetically modified rodent animals with previously unknown multiple organ changes and CD, respectively NCGS are reviewed. Relationships between the small bowel histological changes and other organs pathology are discussed. Results of research document that changes have similar genetic background and can develop to serious autoimmune systematic diseases, including small bowel inflammation resembling atypical CD or NCGS. These may have extra-intestinal symptomatology but without a clear explanation of causes and differences in their manifestations. Research on animal models helps to discover links between several disorders associated with gastrointestinal damage. New methods based on individual gene mutations can help in atypical adult CD and NCGS recognitions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kvetoslava Rimárová
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Gabriel Samasca
- Department of Immunology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Pavol Makovický
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, J. Selye University, Komarno, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Žáková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iulia Lupan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Erik Dorko
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Diabelková
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Lívia Kaňuková
- Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Jenča
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Adriána Petrášová
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Ciprian Silaghi
- Department of Biochemistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Peter Makovický
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Centre of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Mehrotra I, Serena G, Cetinbas M, Kenyon V, Martin VM, Harshman SG, Zomorrodi AR, Sadreyev RI, Fasano A, Leonard MM. Characterization of the blood microbiota in children with Celiac disease. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100069. [PMID: 34841359 PMCID: PMC8610358 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion that can develop in genetically predisposed individuals. Alterations in the gut microbiota have been suggested to contribute to development of autoimmune conditions including CD. Recent work suggests the existence of a blood microbiota. Evidence that alterations in the blood microbiota potentially influence the development of chronic immune based diseases is increasing. However, there is no published literature regarding the blood microbiota in children, including those with CD. This study aimed to characterize the diversity and taxonomic composition of the blood microbiota of children with CD compared to controls. Whole blood samples were collected from children with active CD, CD in remission, and control subjects and 16S rRNA sequencing was utilized to analyze the blood microbiota. We found 16s rRNA present throughout all pediatric blood samples, providing evidence for the presence of a pediatric blood microbiota. We found significant differences in beta diversity and in abundance of certain taxa (Campylobacterales order, Odoribacteraceae and Helicobacteraceae families, Odoribacter genus and species, and Bacteroides acidifaciens species) between subjects with active CD and controls. These taxa have been previously reported to be associated with immune response and gut-inflammatory diseases. We did not find significant differences between subjects with active and remission CD or between remission CD and controls. Conclusions: We provide evidence for a pediatric blood microbiota and identified higher beta diversity and alterations in the composition of blood microbiota in subjects with active CD compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Mehrotra
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care, Suite 6B, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Gloria Serena
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care, Suite 6B, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Jackson, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Murat Cetinbas
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Center, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN7250 Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Victoria Kenyon
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care, Suite 6B, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Jackson, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victoria M. Martin
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care, Yawkey 6B-6800 Suite, 55 Fruit Street Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Food Allergy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH Professional Office Building, Suite 530, 275 Cambridge Street Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Stephanie G. Harshman
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital: West End Apartments 2 Longfellow Place, Suite 200 Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 100 Blossom St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ali R. Zomorrodi
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care, Suite 6B, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Jackson, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruslan I. Sadreyev
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Center, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN7250 Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care, Suite 6B, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Jackson, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care, Yawkey 6B-6800 Suite, 55 Fruit Street Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Maureen M. Leonard
- Center for Celiac Research and Treatment, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care, Suite 6B, 32 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Jackson, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Celiac Research Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Yawkey Center for Outpatient Care, Yawkey 6B-6800 Suite, 55 Fruit Street Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Pobłocki J, Pańka T, Szczuko M, Telesiński A, Syrenicz A. Whether a Gluten-Free Diet Should Be Recommended in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Not?-A 12-Month Follow-Up. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3240. [PMID: 34362024 PMCID: PMC8347530 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Elimination diets have recently become extremely popular among people with autoimmune diseases. A gluten-free diet is indicated in celiac disease (CD), but some studies show its effectiveness in cases of autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to assess whether the use of a gluten-free diet is also effective in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroid disease (cAITD), which is the most common thyroid autoimmune pathology associated with chronic inflammation, over-reactivity of the immune system, auto-destruction of thyrocytes and hypothyroidism. The final analysis of the study included 62 Caucasian women randomized into a control group (CG: n = 31) and an experimental group on a gluten-free diet (GFDG: n = 31), were subject to a 12-month follow-up, during which the concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibodies were assessed at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months. During the 12-month follow-up between the CG and the GFDG, no differences were found in anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies, fT3 or fT4 levels, except a significant reduction in TSH levels in the GFDG. Additionally, performed analysis between individual appointments presented no significant differences in changes in the median concentrations of anti-TPO, anti-TG or fT3, but confirmed a significant decrease in TSH and showed accessory an increase in fT4 after 12 months in GFDG. Statistical analyses performed separately for both groups indicated a constant reduction of anti-TG concentrations in the GFDG. In conclusion, a GFD may be administered in cAITD after ruling out celiac disease, but it is necessary to perform more studies to assess if cAITD patients achieve the benefits of following a GFD. Patients with cAITD should be offered proper nutrition education combined with a healthy lifestyle promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Pobłocki
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Internal Diseases, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (T.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Tamara Pańka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Internal Diseases, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (T.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomic, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Anhelli Syrenicz
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Internal Diseases, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-252 Szczecin, Poland; (T.P.); (A.S.)
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