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Shakhpazyan NK, Mikhaleva LM, Bedzhanyan AL, Sadykhov NK, Midiber KY, Konyukova AK, Kontorschikov AS, Maslenkina KS, Orekhov AN. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer: Navigating the Intersections of Immunity, Intercellular Communication, and Therapeutic Potential. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2411. [PMID: 37760852 PMCID: PMC10525929 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review elucidates the intricate roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) within the colorectal cancer (CRC) microenvironment, intersecting the domains of immunity, intercellular communication, and therapeutic potential. lncRNAs, which are significantly involved in the pathogenesis of CRC, immune evasion, and the treatment response to CRC, have crucial implications in inflammation and serve as promising candidates for novel therapeutic strategies and biomarkers. This review scrutinizes the interaction of lncRNAs with the Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMSs) of CRC, their complex interplay with the tumor stroma affecting immunity and inflammation, and their conveyance via extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes. Furthermore, we delve into the intricate relationship between lncRNAs and other non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and circular RNAs, in mediating cell-to-cell communication within the CRC microenvironment. Lastly, we propose potential strategies to manipulate lncRNAs to enhance anti-tumor immunity, thereby underlining the significance of lncRNAs in devising innovative therapeutic interventions in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay K. Shakhpazyan
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (N.K.S.); (K.Y.M.); (A.K.K.); (A.S.K.); (K.S.M.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Liudmila M. Mikhaleva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (N.K.S.); (K.Y.M.); (A.K.K.); (A.S.K.); (K.S.M.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Arcady L. Bedzhanyan
- Department of Abdominal Surgery and Oncology II (Coloproctology and Uro-Gynecology), Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nikolay K. Sadykhov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (N.K.S.); (K.Y.M.); (A.K.K.); (A.S.K.); (K.S.M.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Konstantin Y. Midiber
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (N.K.S.); (K.Y.M.); (A.K.K.); (A.S.K.); (K.S.M.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Alexandra K. Konyukova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (N.K.S.); (K.Y.M.); (A.K.K.); (A.S.K.); (K.S.M.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Andrey S. Kontorschikov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (N.K.S.); (K.Y.M.); (A.K.K.); (A.S.K.); (K.S.M.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Ksenia S. Maslenkina
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (N.K.S.); (K.Y.M.); (A.K.K.); (A.S.K.); (K.S.M.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology, Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (N.K.S.); (K.Y.M.); (A.K.K.); (A.S.K.); (K.S.M.); (A.N.O.)
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 121096 Moscow, Russia
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Pan X, Li C, Feng J. The role of LncRNAs in tumor immunotherapy. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:30. [PMID: 36810034 PMCID: PMC9942365 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02872-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a major breakthrough in the history of tumor therapy in the last decade. Immune checkpoint inhibitors blocking CTLA-4/B7 or PD-1/PD-L1 pathways have greatly prolonged the survival of patients with different cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in tumors and play an important role in tumor immunotherapy through immune regulation and immunotherapy resistance. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of lncRNAs in regulating gene expression and well-studied immune checkpoint pathways. The crucial regulatory function of immune-related lncRNAs in cancer immunotherapy was also described. Further understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these lncRNAs is of great importance to the development of taking lncRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chenchen Li
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Rajtmajerová M, Trailin A, Liška V, Hemminki K, Ambrozkiewicz F. Long Non-Coding RNA and microRNA Interplay in Colorectal Cancer and Their Effect on the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5450. [PMID: 36358867 PMCID: PMC9655812 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the current staging and grading systems are not sufficient to stratify patients for therapy and predict the outcome of the disease, there is an urgent need to understand cancer in its complexity. The mutual relationship between tumour and immune or stromal cells leads to rapid evolution and subsequent genetic and epigenetic changes. Immunoscore has been introduced as a diagnostic tool for colorectal cancer (CRC) only recently, emphasising the role of the specific tumor microenvironment in patient's prognosis and overall outcome. Despite the fact that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), cannot be translated into proteins, they significantly affect cell's transcriptome and translatome. miRNA binding to mRNA efficiently blocks its translation and leads to mRNA destruction. On the other hand, miRNAs can be bound by lncRNAs or circular RNAs (circRNAs), which prevents them from interfering with translation. In this way, ncRNAs create a multi-step network that regulates the cell's translatome. ncRNAs are also shed by the cell as exogenous RNAs and they are also found in exosomes, suggesting their role in intercellular communication. Hence, these mechanisms affect the tumor microenvironment as much as protein signal molecules. In this review, we provide an insight into the current knowledge of the microenvironment, lncRNAs', and miRNAs' interplay. Understanding mechanisms that underlie the evolution of a tissue as complex as a tumour is crucial for the future success in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Rajtmajerová
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Andriy Trailin
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Liška
- Laboratory of Cancer Treatment and Tissue Regeneration, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital in Pilsen and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Filip Ambrozkiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Qi X, Chen X, Zhao Y, Chen J, Niu B, Shen B. Prognostic Roles of ceRNA Network-Based Signatures in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:921194. [PMID: 35924172 PMCID: PMC9339642 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.921194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) are high-incidence malignant tumors that seriously threaten human health around the world. Their complexity and heterogeneity make the classic staging system insufficient to guide patient management. Recently, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interactions that closely link the function of protein-coding RNAs with that of non-coding RNAs, such as long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA), has emerged as a novel molecular mechanism influencing miRNA-mediated gene regulation. Especially, ceRNA networks have proven to be powerful tools for deciphering cancer mechanisms and predicting therapeutic responses at the system level. Moreover, abnormal gene expression is one of the critical breaking events that disturb the stability of ceRNA network, highlighting the role of molecular biomarkers in optimizing cancer management and treatment. Therefore, developing prognostic signatures based on cancer-specific ceRNA network is of great significance for predicting clinical outcome or chemotherapy benefits of GIC patients. We herein introduce the current frontiers of ceRNA crosstalk in relation to their pathological implications and translational potentials in GICs, review the current researches on the prognostic signatures based on lncRNA or circRNA-mediated ceRNA networks in GICs, and highlight the translational implications of ceRNA signatures for GICs management. Furthermore, we summarize the computational approaches for establishing ceRNA network-based prognostic signatures, providing important clues for deciphering GIC biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qi
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingqi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuanchun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Beifang Niu
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Bairong Shen,
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