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Nitta N, Takakusagi Y, Kokuryo D, Shibata S, Tomita A, Higashi T, Aoki I, Harada M. Intratumoral evaluation of 3D microvasculature and nanoparticle distribution using a gadolinium-dendron modified nano-liposomal contrast agent with magnetic resonance micro-imaging. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:1315-1324. [PMID: 29626524 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is variable depending on nanoparticle properties and tumor/vessel conditions. Thus, intratumoral evaluations of the vasculature and nanoparticle distribution are important for predicting the therapeutic efficacy and the intractability of tumors. We aimed to develop a tumor vasculature evaluation method and high-resolution nanoparticle delivery imaging using magnetic resonance (MR) micro-imaging technology with a gadolinium (Gd)-dendron assembled liposomal contrast agent. Using the Gd-liposome and a cryogenic receiving coil, we achieved 50-μm isotropic MR angiography with clear visualization of tumor micro-vessel structure. The Gd-liposome-enhanced MR micro-imaging revealed differences in the vascular structures between Colon26- and SU-DHL6-grafted mice models. The vessel volumes and diameters measured for both tumors were significantly correlated with histological observations. The MR micro-imaging methods facilitate the evaluation of intratumoral vascularization patterns, the quantitative assessment of vascular-properties that alter tumor malignancy, particle retentivity, and the effects of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Nitta
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan; Group of Quantum-state Controlled MRI, QST, Chiba, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yoichi Takakusagi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan; Group of Quantum-state Controlled MRI, QST, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kokuryo
- Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Shibata
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan; Group of Quantum-state Controlled MRI, QST, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tomita
- Department of Hematology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Ichio Aoki
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan; Group of Quantum-state Controlled MRI, QST, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Harada
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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Trattnig S, Bogner W, Gruber S, Szomolanyi P, Juras V, Robinson S, Zbýň Š, Haneder S. Clinical applications at ultrahigh field (7 T). Where does it make the difference? NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:1316-34. [PMID: 25762432 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Presently, three major MR vendors provide commercial 7-T units for clinical research under ethical permission, with the number of operating 7-T systems having increased to over 50. This rapid increase indicates the growing interest in ultrahigh-field MRI because of improved clinical results with regard to morphological as well as functional and metabolic capabilities. As the signal-to-noise ratio scales linearly with the field strength (B0 ) of the scanner, the most obvious application at 7 T is to obtain higher spatial resolution in the brain, musculoskeletal system and breast. Of specific clinical interest for neuro-applications is the cerebral cortex at 7 T, for the detection of changes in cortical structure as a sign of early dementia, as well as for the visualization of cortical microinfarcts and cortical plaques in multiple sclerosis. In the imaging of the hippocampus, even subfields of the internal hippocampal anatomy and pathology can be visualized with excellent resolution. The dynamic and static blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast increases linearly with the field strength, which significantly improves the pre-surgical evaluation of eloquent areas before tumor removal. Using susceptibility-weighted imaging, the plaque-vessel relationship and iron accumulation in multiple sclerosis can be visualized for the first time. Multi-nuclear clinical applications, such as sodium imaging for the evaluation of repair tissue quality after cartilage transplantation and (31) P spectroscopy for the differentiation between non-alcoholic benign liver disease and potentially progressive steatohepatitis, are only possible at ultrahigh fields. Although neuro- and musculoskeletal imaging have already demonstrated the clinical superiority of ultrahigh fields, whole-body clinical applications at 7 T are still limited, mainly because of the lack of suitable coils. The purpose of this article was therefore to review the clinical studies that have been performed thus far at 7 T, compared with 3 T, as well as those studies performed at 7 T that cannot be routinely performed at 3 T. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siegfried Trattnig
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- CD Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Gruber
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavol Szomolanyi
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Sciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Juras
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Sciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Simon Robinson
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Štefan Zbýň
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Haneder
- Vascular and Abdominal Imaging, Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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Deng X, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Wang R, Ye X, Xu L, Wang B, Wang K, Zhao J. Comparison of 7.0- and 3.0-T MRI and MRA in ischemic-type moyamoya disease: preliminary experience. J Neurosurg 2016; 124:1716-25. [DOI: 10.3171/2015.5.jns15767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT
The authors compared the image quality and diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 7.0-T and 3.0-T MRI and time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA) in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD).
METHODS
MR images of 15 patients with ischemic-type MMD (8 males, 7 females; age 13–48 years) and 13 healthy controls (7 males, 6 females; age 19–28 years) who underwent both 7.0-T and 3.0-T MRI and MRA were studied retrospectively. The main intracranial arteries were assessed by using the modified Houkin’s grading system (MRA score). Moyamoya vessels (MMVs) were evaluated by 2 grading systems: the MMV quality score and the MMV area score. Two diagnostic criteria for MMD were used: the T2 criteria, which used flow voids in the basal ganglion on T2-weighted images, and the TOF criteria, which used the high-intensity areas in the basal ganglion on source images from TOF MRA. All data were evaluated by 2 independent readers who were blinded to the strength field and presence or absence of MMD. Using conventional angiography as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of 7.0-T and 3.0-T MRI/MRA in the diagnosis of MMD were calculated. The differences between 7.0-T and 3.0-T MRI and MRA were statistically compared.
RESULTS
No significant differences were observed between 7.0-T and 3.0-T MRA in MRA score (p = 0.317) or MRA grade (p = 0.317). There was a strong correlation between the Suzuki’s stage and MRA grade in both 3.0-T (rs = 0.930; p < 0.001) and 7.0-T (rs = 0.966; p < 0.001) MRA. However, MMVs were visualized significantly better on 7.0-T than on 3.0-T MRA, suggested by both the MMV quality score (p = 0.001) and the MMV area score (p = 0.001). The correlation between the Suzuki’s stage and the MMV area score was moderate in 3.0-T MRA (rs = 0.738; p = 0.002) and strong in 7.0-T MRA (rs = 0.908; p < 0.001). Moreover, 7.0-T MR images showed a greater capacity for detecting flow voids in the basal ganglion on both T2-weighted MR images (p < 0.001) and TOF source images (p < 0.001); 7.0-T MRA also revealed the subbranches of superficial temporal arteries much better. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that, according to the T2 criteria, 7.0-T MRI/MRA was more sensitive (sensitivity 1.000; specificity 0.933) than 3.0-T MRI/MRA (sensitivity 0.692; specificity 0.933) in diagnosing MMD; based on the TOF criteria, 7.0-T MRI/MRA was more sensitive (1.000 vs 0.733, respectively) and more specific (1.000 vs 0.923, respectively) than 3.0-T MRI/MRA.
CONCLUSIONS
Compared with 3.0-T MRI/MRA, 7.0-T MRI/MRA detected and delineated MMVs more clearly and provided higher diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, although it did not show significant improvement in depicting main intracranial arteries. The authors speculate that 7.0-T MRI/MRA is a promising technique in the diagnosis of MMD because it is noninvasive compared with conventional angiography and it is more sensitive than 3.0-T MRI/MRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Deng
- Departments of 1Neurosurgery and
- 2China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (NCRC-ND)
- 3Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders
- 4Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease
| | - Zihao Zhang
- 5State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing MRI Center for Brain Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; and
- 6Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Departments of 1Neurosurgery and
- 2China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (NCRC-ND)
- 3Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders
- 4Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease
| | - Dong Zhang
- Departments of 1Neurosurgery and
- 2China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (NCRC-ND)
- 3Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders
- 4Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease
| | - Rong Wang
- Departments of 1Neurosurgery and
- 2China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (NCRC-ND)
- 3Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders
- 4Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease
| | - Xun Ye
- Departments of 1Neurosurgery and
- 2China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (NCRC-ND)
- 3Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders
- 4Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease
| | - Long Xu
- Departments of 1Neurosurgery and
- 2China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (NCRC-ND)
- 3Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders
- 4Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease
| | - Bo Wang
- 5State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing MRI Center for Brain Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; and
| | - Kai Wang
- 7Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Departments of 1Neurosurgery and
- 2China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases (NCRC-ND)
- 3Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders
- 4Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease
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Kang CK, Park CA, Lee DS, Lee YB, Park CW, Kim YB, Cho ZH. Velocity measurement of microvessels using phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography at 7 Tesla MRI. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:1640-6. [PMID: 25980462 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to measure the velocity and direction of blood flow in microvessels, such as lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs), using PC MRA. METHODS Eleven healthy subjects were scanned with 7 Tesla (T) MRI. Three velocity encoding (VENC) values of 15, 50, and 100 cm/s were tested for detecting the flow velocity in LSAs. The flow directions in Circle of Willis (CoW) were also examined with images obtained by the proposed method. Three subjects were also scanned with 3T MRI to determine the possibility of velocity measurement in LSAs. Difference between 3T and 7T was quantitatively analyzed in terms of signal-to-noise ratio and velocities in vessels and static tissues. RESULTS In 7T MRI, use of VENC = 15 cm/s provided great visualization and velocity measurements in small and slow flowing vessels, such as the LSAs. The mean of peak velocities in LSAs was 9.61 ± 1.78 cm/s. The results obtained with low VENC also clearly depicted the directions of flow in CoW, especially in posterior communicating arteries. However, 3T MRI could not detect the velocity of blood flow in LSAs. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the potential for measuring the velocity and direction of blood flow in the targeted microvessels using an appropriate VENC and 7T MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ki Kang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.,Department of Radiological Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Chan-A Park
- Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - David Soobin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yeong-Bae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Cheol-Wan Park
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young-Bo Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.,Department of Neurosurgery, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Zang-Hee Cho
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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