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Sumin AN, Prokashko IY, Shcheglova AV. The Influence of Personality Type D and Coping Strategies on Cognitive Functioning in Students. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:382. [PMID: 38785873 PMCID: PMC11118174 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Academic and emotional challenges faced by medical students can affect their psychological well-being and health. Personal characteristics may also predispose one to the manifestation of distress reactions. Individuals with type D personality have an increased tendency to develop depressive reactions and somatic diseases, including the presence of cognitive dysfunction. In students, the presence of cognitive dysfunction may additionally adversely affect academic and psycho-emotional problems. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of type D personality and coping strategies on cognitive functioning in medical students. METHODS A cross-sectional study included 258 medical students (age 19 ± 1.2 years, 79 men). All participants completed psychological questionnaires (DS-14 to identify type D personality, and The Coping Strategy Indication, CSI-to determine coping strategies), as well as extensive neuropsychological testing of cognitive functions. RESULTS Among the medical students examined, the frequency of identification of type D personality was 44%. In persons with personality type D, according to psychometric testing, a decrease in the level of functional mobility of nervous processes (FMNP) was noted, which was manifested in an increase in the test completion time (p < 0.001) and an increase in the number of errors (p < 0.001) during the FMNP test, and an increase in the test completion time in the attention concentration test. In addition, in type D participants, an increase in the test execution time during the attention test was noted (p = 0.007). Personality type D was an independent risk factor for cognitive decline in students in multiple linear regression analysis, when type D was analyzed as a dichotomous construct. CONCLUSIONS Assessing personal characteristics and identifying personality type D is advisable for medical students, to develop subsequent programs to increase their resistance to academic challenges, improve cognitive function, and also to prepare for future stress loads during professional activities in the field of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey N. Sumin
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Disease”, Blvd. Named Academician L.S. Barbarasha, 6, Kemerovo 650002, Russia;
| | - Ingrid Yu. Prokashko
- Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education, Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Voroshilova Str., 22a, Kemerovo 650029, Russia;
| | - Anna V. Shcheglova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Disease”, Blvd. Named Academician L.S. Barbarasha, 6, Kemerovo 650002, Russia;
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SÁNCHEZ-DÍAZ M, MONTERO-VÍLCHEZ T, QUIÑONES-VICO MI, SIERRA-SÁNCHEZ Á, UBAGO-RODRÍGUEZ A, SANABRIA-DE LA TORRE R, MOLINA-LEYVA A, ARIAS-SANTIAGO S. Type D Personality as a Marker of Poorer Quality of Life and Mood Status Disturbances in Patients with Skin Diseases: A Systematic Review. Acta Derm Venereol 2023; 103:adv00846. [PMID: 36625209 PMCID: PMC9885290 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.2741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Type D personality is characterized by social inhibition and negative affectivity. Poorer outcomes and worse quality of life have been linked to type D personality in patients with a variety of non-dermatological diseases. Despite increasing evidence of the importance of type D personality in skin diseases, there are no reviews on this subject. The aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence regarding type D personality and skin diseases. A systematic search was performed using Medline and Web of Science databases from inception to 11 October 2022. Studies addressing the presence of type D personality, its associated factors, its impact on the outcomes of the disease or the quality of life of the patients were included in the systematic review. A total of 20 studies, including 3,124 participants, met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Acne, hidradenitis suppurativa, psoriasis, melanoma, atopic dermatitis, chronic spontaneous urticaria and pruritic disorders were the main diseases assessed. Type D personality was more frequent among patients with skin diseases than among controls. Type D personality was found to be associated with poorer quality of life and higher rates of psychological comorbidities in patients with skin diseases. In conclusion, type D personality appears to be a marker of patients with increased risk of poorer quality of life and higher rates of psychological comorbidities. Screening for type D personality in specialized dermatology units might be beneficial to identify patients who are more psychologically vulnerable to the consequences of chronic skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel SÁNCHEZ-DÍAZ
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Ibs.Granada
| | | | - María I. QUIÑONES-VICO
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Ibs.Granada,School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro SIERRA-SÁNCHEZ
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Ibs.Granada
| | - Ana UBAGO-RODRÍGUEZ
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Ibs.Granada,School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel SANABRIA-DE LA TORRE
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Ibs.Granada,School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Salvador ARIAS-SANTIAGO
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Ibs.Granada,Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Ibs.Granada,School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Domagalska J, Rusin M, Razzaghi M, Nowak P. Personality Type D, Level of Perceived Stress, Insomnia, and Depression Among High School Teachers in Poland. Front Psychol 2021; 12:626945. [PMID: 34621203 PMCID: PMC8490815 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Teaching is inherently connected with specific burdens that may imply stressful situations. The goal of this study was to explore the prevalence of type D (distressed) personality in teachers. This is known to cause depressive episodes and sleep disorders, which not only have direct physical health effects, but can also impact the wellbeing of individuals and hence adversely affect their job performance. The participants consisted of 412 high school teachers from the Silesian Province, located in the south of Poland. Using the following research tools: Type D Scale (DS14), Perceived Stress Scale, Athens Insomnia Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory, it was found that type D personality was observed in a large percentage of teachers (30.1%). It was reported that teachers with distressed personality suffered from insomnia and depression significantly more often. Findings from the current study indicate the need to implement preventive activities focused on reducing psychosocial risk factors in the work environment in order to reduce the frequency of depressive disorders among teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Domagalska
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Rusin
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mehdi Razzaghi
- Department of Mathematics, Bloomsburg University, Bloomsburg, PA, United States
| | - Przemysław Nowak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
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Ahmad FA, Alotaibi MK, Baseer MA, Shafshak SM. The Effect of Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Periodontal Status among Dental Students. Eur J Dent 2019; 13:437-443. [PMID: 31627215 PMCID: PMC6890497 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim of the current study is to relate oral health knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene practice with the periodontal condition of both undergraduate and postgraduate dental students. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected through a combination of self-reported questionnaire and clinical examination. The estimated sample size was 246. Probing depths and clinical attachment loss were measured in interproximal sites, whereas the gingival index was calculated based on Ramfjord teeth. The Centers for Disease Control and the American Academy of Periodontology classification was used for periodontal diagnosis. The subjects were divided into three groups. Group 1 was composed of undergraduate, preclinical dental students, group 2 consisted of undergraduate clinical-year dental students, whereas group 3 included postgraduate residents. RESULTS A total of 296 dental students participated in this study. Significant differences were found among the groups in their oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice scores. Gingival disease was detected among most of the participants (99.2-100%) with significant differences between different educational levels (group 1 = 1.13, group 2 = 1.16, group 3 = 0.96, p-value = 0.001). Sixty percent of dental students were diagnosed with periodontal disease regardless of its severity. A positive correlation was established between oral health knowledge and attitude and oral hygiene practice. In addition, gingival inflammation severity and the severity of periodontal disease showed a positive correlation. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the need to improve the oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental students. Gingival and periodontal inflammation was highly prevalent among participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemah A Ahmad
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen K Alotaibi
- Department of Periodontics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abdul Baseer
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa M Shafshak
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Saudi Arabia
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Kato T, Mizutani S, Umezaki Y, Sugiyama S, Naito T. Relationship between Type D personality and dropout from dental treatment in middle-aged adults. J Oral Sci 2019; 61:264-269. [PMID: 31217375 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Type D personality-the tendency toward combined negative affectivity and social inhibition-is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Although Type D personality has been linked to low adherence to diabetic care, it is unclear whether it is related to adherence to dental therapy. Thus, study examined the relationship between Type D personality and withdrawal from dental therapy. A web-based questionnaire was used to compare a treatment dropout group (n = 225) and maintenance group(n = 236). The questionnaire was designed to assess Type D personality traits, reasons for dropout, and respondent sociodemographic characteristics and attitudes. There were no significant differences in the sociodemographic characteristics of the two groups. However, the proportion of respondents with a Type D personality was significantly larger in the dropout group than in the maintenance group (P = 0.04). The most common reasons for dental therapy dropout were "improvement of symptoms" (46.2%) and "busy with business or study" (30.7%). The most frequent attitude reported in the dropout group was negative feelings toward dental practice. In conclusion, Type D personality might be related to dropout from dental therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Kato
- Department of Oral Health Science, School of Dentistry, University of Washington.,Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University.,OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
| | - Yojiro Umezaki
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College
| | | | - Toru Naito
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College
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Talaei-Khoei M, Mohamadi A, Fischerauer SF, Ring D, Vranceanu AM. Type D personality in patients with upper extremity musculoskeletal illness: Internal consistency, structural validity and relationship to pain interference. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2018; 50:38-44. [PMID: 28992609 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type D personality - the joint tendency toward negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI) - is associated with greater symptom perception and negative health outcomes among various patient populations. We investigated Type D personality among patients with upper extremity musculoskeletal illness. METHOD In cross-sectional design, we estimated the prevalence of Type D personality in this population and explored the associations of two different Type D conceptualizations (i.e., categorical and dimensional as the NA×SI interaction) and the individual NA and SI traits with pain interference as well as structural-internal validity of DS14. RESULTS The categorical Type D personality and greater NA and SI were associated with pain interference above and beyond descriptive variables, but the interaction term between NA and SI was not. NA explained a larger proportion of the variance in pain interference than SI. DS14 showed a two-factor structure and high internal consistency in this sample. CONCLUSIONS The categorical Type D allows for identifying individuals who struggle with recovery from musculoskeletal injury. Although the dimensional conceptualization didn't prove to be associated with pain interference, NA and SI appear to have individual effects on pain interference, with most variance being accounted for by NA. Implications for clinical care are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Talaei-Khoei
- Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amin Mohamadi
- Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefan F Fischerauer
- Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - David Ring
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ana-Maria Vranceanu
- Department of Psychiatry, Behavioral Medicine Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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