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Xiong W, Li X, Huang X, Xu J, Qu Z, Su Y, Li Y, Han Y, Cui T, Zhang X. Impaired motor and social skill development in infancy predict high autistic traits in toddlerhood. Neuroscience 2024; 558:114-121. [PMID: 39168171 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Early diagnosis in the critical period is important for ASD children. Recent studies of neurodevelopmental behavioral features and joint attention in high-risk infants showed there are some special cues which can distinguish ASD from typical development infant. But the findings of high-risk population may not be applicable to the general population. It is necessary to "analogically" study the potential warning traits of ASD in infancy in the general population. We did a nested case-control study from June 2019 to November 2022 in Tianjin, China, including 76 general infants whom completed the neurodevelopmental evaluation, the Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-23 (CHAT-23) screening, and eye tracking task. Social behavior quotient in infancy was negatively correlated to CHAT-23 total scores in toddlerhood. Social behavior quotient in infancy was positively correlated to initiating joint attention in toddlerhood. Regression model showed that high fine motor scale and social behaviour scale quotient in infancy were associated with an decreased risk of the total score of CHAT-23 ≥ 2 in toddlerhood. The Receiver operating characteristic curve showed the social behaviour in infancy alone and the combination of fine motor and social behaviour in infancy contributed to auxiliary diagnosis of higher level of autistic traits in toddlerhood. These findings suggest that Impaired development of fine motor and social behavior in infancy are potential warning features of high autistic traits in general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Xiong
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghan Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyi Qu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tingkai Cui
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Datu JAD. Knowledge with kindness is power! Knowledge about autism and kindness relate to better attitude towards persons with autism spectrum disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 69:452-456. [PMID: 37213589 PMCID: PMC10197978 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2023.2193485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies have shown inconclusive evidence on how knowledge predicts attitude towards individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in diverse cultural contexts. There is also dearth of research on psychological resources that facilitate inclusive attitude towards students with ASD. This study examines the links of kindness and knowledge about autism to attitude towards ASD among Filipino high school students. An online survey with items measuring kindness and knowledge about autism as well as a vignette-based measure of attitude towards ASD was administered to participants. Results showed that knowledge about autism and kindness positively predicted attitude towards ASD when controlling for age, gender, and previous contact with students with ASD. This research suggests that integrating ASD awareness with kindness education can bolster positive attitude towards persons with autism and other developmental disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Alfonso D. Datu
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Gaze perception from head and pupil rotations in 2D and 3D: Typical development and the impact of autism spectrum disorder. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275281. [PMID: 36301975 PMCID: PMC9612464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of gaze perception has largely focused on a single cue (the eyes) in two-dimensional settings. While this literature suggests that 2D gaze perception is shaped by atypical development, as in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), gaze perception is in reality contextually-sensitive, perceived as an emergent feature conveyed by the rotation of the pupils and head. We examined gaze perception in this integrative context, across development, among children and adolescents developing typically or with ASD with both 2D and 3D stimuli. We found that both groups utilized head and pupil rotations to judge gaze on a 2D face. But when evaluating the gaze of a physically-present, 3D robot, the same ASD observers used eye cues less than their typically-developing peers. This demonstrates that emergent gaze perception is a slowly developing process that is surprisingly intact, albeit weakened in ASD, and illustrates how new technology can bridge visual and clinical science.
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