|
1
|
Lennox GM, Wood PM, Schram B, Canetti EFD, Simas V, Pope R, Orr R. Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for Stress Fractures in Military Personnel Undergoing Training: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:422. [PMID: 35010681 PMCID: PMC8744653 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A fracture, being an acquired rupture or break of the bone, is a significant and debilitating injury commonly seen among athletes and military personnel. Stress fractures, which have a repetitive stress aetiology, are highly prevalent among military populations, especially those undergoing training. The primary aim of this review is to identify non-modifiable risk factors for stress fractures in military personnel undergoing training. A systematic search was conducted of three major databases to identify studies that explored risk factors for stress fractures in military trainees. Critical appraisal, data extraction, and a narrative synthesis were conducted. Sixteen articles met the eligibility criteria for the study. Key non-modifiable risk factors identified were prior stress fracture and menstrual dysfunction, while advancing age and race other than black race may be a risk factor. To reduce the incidence of stress fractures in military trainees, mitigating modifiable risk factors among individuals with non-modifiable risk factors (e.g., optimising conditioning for older trainees) or better accommodating non-modifiable factors (for example, extending training periods and reducing intensity to facilitate recovery and adaptation) are suggested, with focus on groups at increased risk identified in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace M. Lennox
- Doctor of Physiotherapy Program, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia; (G.M.L.); (P.M.W.); (E.F.D.C.); (R.P.); (R.O.)
| | - Patrick M. Wood
- Doctor of Physiotherapy Program, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia; (G.M.L.); (P.M.W.); (E.F.D.C.); (R.P.); (R.O.)
| | - Ben Schram
- Doctor of Physiotherapy Program, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia; (G.M.L.); (P.M.W.); (E.F.D.C.); (R.P.); (R.O.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia;
| | - Elisa F. D. Canetti
- Doctor of Physiotherapy Program, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia; (G.M.L.); (P.M.W.); (E.F.D.C.); (R.P.); (R.O.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia;
| | - Vini Simas
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia;
| | - Rodney Pope
- Doctor of Physiotherapy Program, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia; (G.M.L.); (P.M.W.); (E.F.D.C.); (R.P.); (R.O.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia;
- School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury-Wodonga, NSW 2640, Australia
| | - Robin Orr
- Doctor of Physiotherapy Program, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia; (G.M.L.); (P.M.W.); (E.F.D.C.); (R.P.); (R.O.)
- Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4226, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Aghazadeh-Habashi A, Yang Y, Tang K, Lőbenberg R, Doschak MR. Transdermal drug delivery: feasibility for treatment of superficial bone stress fractures. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 5:540-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-015-0257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
|
3
|
Wheeler R. Limiting Lower Back Injuries With Proper Technique and Strengthening. Strength Cond J 2015. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|