1
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Wu S, Lu D, Gajendran B, Hu Q, Zhang J, Wang S, Han M, Xu Y, Shen X. Tanshinone IIA ameliorates experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in cardiomyocytes via SIRT1. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3543-3558. [PMID: 37128721 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common complication in patients with diabetes, and ultimately leads to heart failure. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) induced by abnormal glycolipid metabolism is a critical factor that affects the occurrence and development of DCM. Additionally, the upregulation/activation of silent information regulation 2 homolog-1 (SIRT1) has been shown to protect against DCM. Tanshinone II A (Tan IIA), the main active component of Salviae miltiorrhizae radix et rhizome (a valuable Chinese medicine), has protective effects against cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, its role and mechanisms in diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction remain unclear. Therefore, we explored whether Tan IIA alleviates ERS-mediated DCM via SIRT1 and elucidated the underlying mechanism. The results suggested that Tan IIA alleviated the pathological changes in the hearts of diabetic mice, ameliorated the cytopathological morphology of cardiomyocytes, reduced the cell death rate, and inhibited the expression of ERS-related proteins and mRNA. The SIRT1 agonist inhibited the activities of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). Furthermore, the opposite results under the SIRT1 inhibitor. SIRT1 knockdown was induced by siRNA-SIRT1 transfection, and the degree of GRP78 acetylation was increased. Cumulatively, Tan IIA ameliorated DCM by inhibiting ERS and upregulating SIRT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources (The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dingchun Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources (The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Babu Gajendran
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources (The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qilan Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources (The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources (The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shengquan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources (The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Minzhen Han
- The Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yini Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources (The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medica (The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources (The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City-Guizhou Medical University), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Li J, Xu M, Xing B, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Guo J, Duan J. Combination of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos improves cardiac function of diabetic cardiomyopathy mice by regulating the unfolded protein response signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3571-3583. [PMID: 35708293 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a unique clinical entity elicited by diabetes independent of other cardiovascular risk factors, of which the pathological mechanisms and treatment strategies remain largely undefined. This study aimed to clarify the role of unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of DCM, and to explore the effect of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Carthami Flos (DH) on DCM mice. Cardiac function of DCM mice was evaluated by echocardiography, and lipid profile of left ventricular was analyzed by untargeted lipidomics. The results showed that DH significantly improved the diabetic symptoms, cardiac dyslipidemia, and systolic dysfunction of DCM mice. UPR signaling pathway was significantly down-regulated in the left ventricular of DCM mice. DH significantly up-regulated the transcriptions of key transducers in UPR signaling pathway. Conditional knockout of Xbp1 in cardiomyocyte (a key regulator in UPR signaling pathway) eliminated the protective effect of DH on cardiac systolic function of DCM mice, which suggested that UPR signaling pathway, especially the Xbp1, was required for DH protection against DCM. In conclusion, DH improved cardiac function of DCM mice, and this effect was dependent on its regulation of UPR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiling Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Baotong Xing
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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3
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Li P, Bukhari SNA, Khan T, Chitti R, Bevoor DB, Hiremath AR, SreeHarsha N, Singh Y, Gubbiyappa KS. Apigenin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy Induced by Streptozotocin Nicotinamide Through Nrf2/HO-1/NF-kB Signalling Pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9115-9124. [PMID: 33244230 PMCID: PMC7683501 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s256494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apigenin is known to have a broad-spectrum efficacy in oxidative stress and conditions due to inflammation, although weak absorption, fast metabolic rate and a fast elimination (systemic) limit the pharmacological efficacy of this drug. Hence, we propose the usage of highly bioavailable Apigenin-solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) to recognize such limitations. The defensive function of Apigenin-SLNPs on renal damage induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in animals was studied. Materials and Methods We initially injected the rats with 35 mg kg−1 streptozocin intraperitoneally, and after 7 days, the rats were then injected 150 mg kg−1 of metformin intragastrically followed by a once-daily intragastric dose of Apigenin-SLNP (25 or 50 mg kg−1) for a continuous period of 30 days. We then measured the level of insulin and blood glucose, superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde in the tissues of the kidney. We also observed messenger-RNA expression of Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in renal tissue through RT-PCR technique. Moreover, H&E staining and Western blotting observed the histopathological variations and protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase/Nuclear Factor-κB signaling pathway, respectively. Results An enhancement in the expressing of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 and a suppression in the expression of Nuclear Factor-κB occurred due to Apigenin-SLNPs treatment, which was a result of the protective mechanism of Apigenin-SLNPs which is because of not only its anti-inflammatory function (by inhibition of release of inflammatory factors) but also their anti-oxidant activity (through reduction of lipid peroxidation production). Conclusion We found that a protective effect on diabetic nephropathy was shown due to Apigenin-SLNPs, in rats induced with streptozocin maybe through the pathway of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1/Nuclear Factor-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahseen Khan
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
| | - Renukaradhya Chitti
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Sri Adichaunagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Adichunchanagiri, Mandya, India
| | - Davan B Bevoor
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, SCS College of Pharmacy, Harapanahalli, Karnataka, India
| | - Anand R Hiremath
- Department of Pharmacology, Bapuji College of Pharmacy, Davanagere, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagaraja SreeHarsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yogendra Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur, India
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4
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Ayza MA, Zewdie KA, Tesfaye BA, Gebrekirstos ST, Berhe DF. Anti-Diabetic Effect of Telmisartan Through its Partial PPARγ-Agonistic Activity. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3627-3635. [PMID: 33116714 PMCID: PMC7567533 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s265399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, which selectively inhibits the angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Thus, it is widely used for hypertension management. Nowadays, telmisartan's effect on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) is gaining wider attention. PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Telmisartan is reported to have a partial PPARγ-agonistic effect while avoiding the safety concerns found with full PPARγ agonists (thiazolidinediones). Telmisartan could be an alternative treatment option, with dual benefit for diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. This review summarizes the anti-diabetic activity of telmisartan via its partial PPARγ-agonistic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muluken Altaye Ayza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Kaleab Alemayehu Zewdie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Bekalu Amare Tesfaye
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | | | - Derbew Fikadu Berhe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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5
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Wahba NS, Abdel-Ghany RH, Ghareib SA, Abdel-Aal M, Alsemeh AE. Vitamin D3 potentiates the renoprotective effects of vildagliptin in a rat model of fructose/salt-induced insulin resistance. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 144:105196. [PMID: 31866564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) seemingly plays a role in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study has elucidated the crucial interplay of oxidative stress, inflammatory, apoptotic and profibrotic signaling pathways, linking IR to CKD. The study aimed at investigating the pleiotropic nephroprotective effects of either vildagliptin or vitamin D3 in a fructose/salt-induced IR rat model, highlighting the potential molecular mechanisms underlying their action. Another interesting target was to evaluate the potential capacity of vitamin D3 to potentiate the nephroprotective effects of vildagliptin. Indeed, a state of impaired fasting glucose, IR and compensatory hyperinsulinemia, constellating with significant weight gain, atherogenic dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia was established 6 weeks after fructose/salt consumption. IR rats were then treated orally with vildagliptin (10 mg/kg/day), vitamin D3 (10 µg/kg/day) or their combination for a further 6 weeks. By the end of the 12th week, untreated IR rats displayed significantly declined renal function with parallel interwined renal oxidative stress, inflammatory, apoptotic and profibrotic changes, renal histopathological damages and markedly enhanced collagen fiber deposition. Vildagliptin and vitamin D3 reversed hyperuricemia and exerted a plethora of renal anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-fibrotic effects. Our study has introduced a new insight into the role of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition and silent information regulator 1/5'adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation in the nephroprotective effects of either agent, elucidating their possible crosstalk with renin angiotensin aldosterone system downregulation. Considering the superadditive renoprotective effects evoked by the combination, vitamin D3 is worth being further investigated as an additional therapeutic agent for preventing IR-induced nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal S Wahba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Rasha H Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Salah A Ghareib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amira E Alsemeh
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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6
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Cheng FR, Cui HX, Fang JL, Yuan K, Guo Y. Ameliorative Effect and Mechanism of the Purified Anthraquinone-Glycoside Preparation from Rheum Palmatum L. on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Molecules 2019; 24:E1454. [PMID: 31013790 PMCID: PMC6515271 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheum palmatum L. is a traditional Chinese medicine with various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and detoxification effects. In this study, the mechanism of the hypoglycemic effect of purified anthraquinone-Glycoside from Rheum palmatum L. (PAGR) in streptozotocin (STZ) and high-fat diet induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rats was investigated. The rats were randomly divided into normal (NC), T2DM, metformin (Met), low, middle (Mid), and high (Hig) does of PAGR groups. After six weeks of continuous administration of PAGR, the serum indices and tissue protein expression were determined, and the pathological changes in liver, kidney, and pancreas tissues were observed. The results showed that compared with the type 2 diabetes mellitus group, the fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels in the serum of rats in the PAGR treatment groups were significantly decreased, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels were noticeably increased. The expression of Fas ligand (FasL), cytochrome C (Cyt-c), and caspase-3 in pancreatic tissue was obviously decreased, and the pathological damage to the liver, kidney, and pancreas was improved. These indicate that PAGR can reduce oxidative stress in rats with diabetes mellitus by improving blood lipid metabolism and enhancing their antioxidant capacity, thereby regulating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway to inhibitβ-cell apoptosis and improve β-cell function. Furthermore, it can regulate Fas/FasL-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway to inhibit β-cell apoptosis, thereby lowering blood glucose levels and improving T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Rong Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Hong-Xin Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Ji-Li Fang
- Jiyang College of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhu'ji 311800, China.
| | - Ke Yuan
- Jiyang College of Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhu'ji 311800, China.
| | - Ying Guo
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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7
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Abdelhamid AM, Abdelaziz RR, Salem HAA. Vildagliptin/pioglitazone combination improved the overall glycemic control in type I diabetic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:710-718. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Type I diabetes (TID) is generally assumed to be caused by an immune associated, if not directly immune-mediated, destruction of pancreatic β-cells. In patients with long-term diabetes, the pancreas lacks insulin-producing cells and the residual β-cells are unable to regenerate. Patients with TID are subjected to a lifelong insulin therapy which shows risks of hypoglycemia, suboptimal control and ketosis. In this study, we investigated the potential role of vildagliptin (Vilda) alone or in combination with pioglitazone (Pio), as treatment regimens for TID using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced TID model in rats. Daily oral administration of Vilda (5 mg/kg) alone or in combination with Pio (20 mg/kg) for 7 weeks significantly reduced blood glucose levels and HbA1c. It increased serum insulin levels and decreased serum glucagon. It also showed a strong antioxidant activity. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a marked improvement in β-cells in treated groups when compared with the diabetic group, which appeared in the normal cellular and architecture restoration of β-cells in the islets of Langerhans. Vilda alone or in combination with Pio has the ability to improve the overall glycemic control in type I diabetic rats and may be considered a hopeful and effective remedy for TID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University, Egypt
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8
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Alipour FG, Ashoori MR, Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Y, Zarghami N. An overview on biological functions and emerging therapeutic roles of apelin in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 2:S919-S923. [PMID: 28712823 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common type of diabetes and considered as multifactorial disease. Apelin is an adipokine which secreted from white adipose tissue and involved in various functions such as insulin sensitivity and food intake. Many studies showed that apelin has a crucial role in diabetes and its concentration will change in relation with insulin resistance. In this review, we will discuss the roles of apelin in energy metabolism and pathogenesis of diabetes and explain why apelin can be a good candidate adipokine to promoting insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Ghafarian Alipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Reza Ashoori
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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9
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Ahangarpour A, Oroojan AA, Khorsandi L, Shabani R, Mojaddami S. Preventive effects of betulinic acid on streptozotocinnicotinamide induced diabetic nephropathy in male mouse. J Nephropathol 2016; 5:128-133. [PMID: 27921024 PMCID: PMC5125059 DOI: 10.15171/jnp.2016.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akram Ahangarpour
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Oroojan
- Department of Physiology, Student Research Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cell and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Razieh Shabani
- 4Department of Physiology, Student Research Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Mojaddami
- 4Department of Physiology, Student Research Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
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10
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Michel MC, Brunner HR, Foster C, Huo Y. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists in animal models of vascular, cardiac, metabolic and renal disease. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 164:1-81. [PMID: 27130806 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have reviewed the effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (ARBs) in various animal models of hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiac function, hypertrophy and fibrosis, glucose and lipid metabolism, and renal function and morphology. Those of azilsartan and telmisartan have been included comprehensively whereas those of other ARBs have been included systematically but without intention of completeness. ARBs as a class lower blood pressure in established hypertension and prevent hypertension development in all applicable animal models except those with a markedly suppressed renin-angiotensin system; blood pressure lowering even persists for a considerable time after discontinuation of treatment. This translates into a reduced mortality, particularly in models exhibiting marked hypertension. The retrieved data on vascular, cardiac and renal function and morphology as well as on glucose and lipid metabolism are discussed to address three main questions: 1. Can ARB effects on blood vessels, heart, kidney and metabolic function be explained by blood pressure lowering alone or are they additionally directly related to blockade of the renin-angiotensin system? 2. Are they shared by other inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, e.g. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors? 3. Are some effects specific for one or more compounds within the ARB class? Taken together these data profile ARBs as a drug class with unique properties that have beneficial effects far beyond those on blood pressure reduction and, in some cases distinct from those of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. The clinical relevance of angiotensin receptor-independent effects of some ARBs remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Michel
- Dept. Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Dept. Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany.
| | | | - Carolyn Foster
- Retiree from Dept. of Research Networking, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Yong Huo
- Dept. Cardiology & Heart Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, PR China
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11
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Combination of Telmisartan and Linagliptin Preserves Pancreatic Islet Cell Function and Morphology in db/db Mice. Pancreas 2016; 45:584-92. [PMID: 26495783 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to investigate the synergistic action of telmisartan and linagliptin in ameliorating pancreatic islet functions and morphology in type 2 diabetes mellitus and to delineate the molecular signaling pathway involved. METHODS db/db mice were given telmisartan (3 mg/kg) or linagliptin (3 mg/kg) alone or in combination, daily for 8 weeks, and were studied in vivo by fasting and random blood glucose tests, oral glucose tolerance tests, and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance tests, as well as ex vivo by glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and morphology of pancreatic islets. The underlying signaling pathways were examined by Western blot, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and dihydroethidium staining analyses using mouse pancreatic islets and rat β-insulinoma cells. RESULTS Telmisartan/linagliptin combination induced significantly better glucose homeostasis than the monotherapies. Posttreatment reactive oxygen species level was suppressed most significantly after the telmisartan/linagliptin combined therapy, whereas no significant change in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expressions was observed after treatments. CONCLUSIONS The telmisartan/linagliptin combination preserved pancreatic islet cell functions and morphology via reduction of oxidative stress but independent of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ pathway. Our data shed light on the therapeutic potential of using the telmisartan/linagliptin combination in the treatment of human type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related complications.
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