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Mroz EL, Collette T, Keefe K, Gil H, Monin J, Sharma S. Trajectories of Purpose in Life Across Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease or Related Dementias in Older Adulthood. J Aging Health 2024:8982643241257559. [PMID: 38816276 DOI: 10.1177/08982643241257559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: Sense of purpose serves as a psychological resource for late-life health. Limited research has examined how purpose changes across chronic illness diagnoses, including a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).Method: This study leverages data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS; N = 831) to establish trajectories of purpose across ADRD diagnosis using three-year (pre-diagnosis, year of diagnosis, post-diagnosis) timespans and two comparison groups (heart disease diagnosis, no diagnosis). Results: We observed a longitudinal decrease in purpose in the ADRD diagnosis group, t = 3.85, p = .003, d = -0.258. This contrasts with heart disease diagnosis and no diagnosis groups, where purpose did not change over time. Discussion: Older adults who receive an ADRD diagnosis may be vulnerable to a decreasing sense of purpose across their diagnosis experience. We consider social, psychological, and clinical antecedents for this trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Mroz
- Section of Geriatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tyler Collette
- Department of Psychological Science, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - Kate Keefe
- Live Well Institute, Southington, CT, USA
| | - Heidi Gil
- Live Well Institute, Southington, CT, USA
| | - Joan Monin
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shubam Sharma
- Department of Psychological Science, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
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Jackman V, Wolverson E, Clarke C, Quinn C. A participatory approach to understand what might be most meaningful to people living with dementia in a positive psychology intervention. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38189283 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2299967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to understand which character strengths are most important for people living with dementia and therefore which strengths-based psychological interventions could be most meaningful and acceptable. METHODS A participatory design, utilising Delphi methodology, was incorporated into an iterative three stage framework: (1) literature reviewed for Positive Psychology (PP) interventions and patient public involvement to define the character strengths; (2) modified Delphi (N = 10) identified which character strengths are most important for living with dementia; (3) focus groups (N = 14) explored which PP interventions are most acceptable and meaningful. Qualitative data from the focus groups was analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Love, kindness and humour were deemed the most important character strengths for living with dementia. Qualitative data from the focus groups was captured in three superordinate themes: (1) lack of opportunity not capacity; (2) key considerations of PP interventions for people living with dementia; and (3) potential benefits of PP interventions. CONCLUSIONS Love, kindness and humour come naturally to people with dementia, but people may lack social opportunities to use these strengths. Therefore, a PP intervention promoting positive emotion, social relationships and connection to one's values appears most meaningful and acceptable as this may provide a social context to use and maintain these strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Wolverson
- School of Psychology and Social Work, University of Hull, Hull
- Dementia UK, London, UK
| | | | - Catherine Quinn
- Centre for Applied Dementia Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
- Wolfson Centre for Applied Health Research, Bradford, UK
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Kim JH, Chun J, Kim J, Ju HJ, Kim BJ, Jeong J, Lee DH. Emotion regulation from a virtue perspective. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:11. [PMID: 38173038 PMCID: PMC10765715 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to regulate one's emotional state is an important predictor of several behaviors such as reframing a challenging situation to reduce anger or anxiety, concealing visible signs of sadness or fear, or focusing on reasons to feel happy or calm. This capacity is referred to as emotion regulation. Deficits in this ability can adversely affect one's adaptive coping, thus are associated with a variety of other psychopathological symptoms, including but not limited to depression, borderline personality disorder, substance use disorders, eating disorders, and somatoform disorders. METHODS The present study examined emotion regulation in relation to the virtue-based psychosocial adaptation model (V-PAM). 595 participants were clustered based on their Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) score, producing two clusters (i.e., high functioning vs. low functioning). Then, emotion regulation group membership was discriminated by using five V-PAM virtue constructs, including courage, integrity, practical wisdom, committed action, and emotional transcendence. RESULTS Results show that five virtues contribute to differentiating group membership. Practical wisdom was the strongest contributor, followed by integrity, emotional transcendence, committed action, and courage. Predictive discriminant analysis was conducted and 71% of cases were correctly classified. A discussion of the relationship between emotion regulation and virtues was elaborated. CONCLUSION The concept of virtue holds significant importance in the comprehension of an individual's capacity to regulate their emotions, meriting future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Han Kim
- School of Rehabilitation Services and Counseling, University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W University Dr, Edinburg, TX, 78539, USA
| | - Jina Chun
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Special Education, University of Wisconsin- Madison, 1000 Bascom Mall, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, 620 Farm Lane, Erickson Hall Rm. 459, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Hyun-Ju Ju
- Department of Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education, University of Kentucky, 597 S Upper St, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Byung Jin Kim
- Department of Counselor Education and Rehabilitation, California State University-Fresno, 5241 N Maple Ave, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Jeongwoon Jeong
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, 51112 Hoam Hall, 25‑2, Sungkyunkwan‑ro, Jongno‑gu, 03063, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, 16419, Seoul, South Korea.
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