Solitary intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease: case report and literature review

[Rosai-Dorfman intracranial histiocytosis: case report and literature review]

Histiocytosis is a group of idiopathic diseases accompanied by metabolic disorders and accumulation of metabolic products in histiocytes. Isolated Rosai-Dorfman histiocytosis of central nervous system is observed in less than 5% of cases. The authors report treatment and follow-up of a patient with intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease. There were symptoms of lesion of the left cerebellopontine angle and epileptic seizures. Preoperative MRI identified two tumors (posterior cranial fossa on the left and right-sided parasagittal neoplasm). The authors carried out total resection of supratentorial tumor, after 3 weeks - subtotal resection of tumor in posterior cranial fossa. No recurrence after total resection was observed. Irradiation of infratentorial tumor with a total focal dose of 50 Gy after 6 months resulted tumor shrinkage throughout 12 months. Radiotherapy with the same dose was repeated throughout subsequent 12-month follow-up period due to progression of this focus. This treatment had a positive effect, but new skull base foci occurred. The authors emphasize the effectiveness of total resection and lower efficiency of subtotal excision combined with radiotherapy.

Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking images of meningiomas: Two case reports and literature review

Background:

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytic proliferative disorder classically as a massive cervical lymphadenopathy. However, over the years, extranodal locations were confirmed with the central nervous system involvement in less than 5% of cases, which is marked as a significant differential diagnosis of meningiomas, with which they are widely confused due to the similarity of their radiological images.

Case Description:

We report a 37-year-old man and 45-year-old man who were diagnosed with intracranial RDD but whose radiological images mimic meningiomas, requiring anatomopathological and tumor’s immunohistochemistry for definitive diagnosis. Moreover, a review of 184 publications with 285 cases of intracranial involvement of this disease was also performed, comparing these findings with those brought in the previous studies.

Conclusion:

Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman tumors should always be remembered as differential diagnosis of meningiomas since they are similar radiologically and macroscopically. Once remembered and diagnosed, the lesion must be treated following the same pattern of resection done in meningiomas and, treatment’s differences will not occur in the surgical excision technique, but in complementary chemotherapy implementation, radiotherapy, and even with radiosurgery aid, depending on the case. Thus, it is possible to obtain better results than with just the isolated surgical procedure.

Isolated Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman Disease

Background. Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a benign histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown etiology. This rare condition commonly causes massive cervical lymphadenopathy. Intracranial RDD without any nodal involvement is extremely rare. Case Report. A young Bangladeshi male complained of bilateral complete blindness with left sided deafness for about three years. There was no lymphadenopathy. MRI and CT scan of brain suggested an inflammatory/neoplastic (?meningioma) lesion located at left parasellar region which extended frontally to encircle both optic nerves and also to left prepontine area. Histopathologically the lesion was diagnosed as RDD. The patient was treated with steroid and significant clinical improvement observed. Conclusion. The prognosis of intracranial RDD is not poor. It can be treated with surgery with or without corticosteroids, chemotherapy, and so forth. But as the condition is extremely rare and often misdiagnosed, the clinician, radiologist, and histopathologist should have a suspicion in their mind about the possibility of RDD.

Acute neurological visual loss in young adults: causes, diagnosis and management

Visual loss in the young adult can be caused by demyelinating diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune processes, infections, ischaemic events, and compressive lesions of the optic nerve. Diagnosis of the aetiologies of visual loss is reached by combining data from radiological studies, electrophysiological tests, and blood and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Treatment is primarily aimed at decreasing the insult on the optic nerve and eventually controlling the primary disorder. The literature discusses separately the different aetiologies of visual loss. We present a review of the clinical characteristics of visual loss in the young adult, the different diagnostic measures, and the latest therapeutic strategies. The aim of this work is to summarise this entity in a practical way to guide clinicians in the diagnosis and management of this disorder.

Rosai-Dorfman disease of the central nervous system: report of 6 cases and review of the literature

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), is an uncommon benign idiopathic lymphoproliferative disorder. The histologic hallmark of RDD is the finding of emperipolesis displayed by lesional histiocytes. While RDD most commonly affects lymph nodes, extranodal involvement of multiple organs has been reported, including the central nervous system (CNS). However, CNS involvement in RDD is rare and is not well characterized. As a result, therapeutic approaches to CNS involvement in RDD are not well established. Herein we report 6 cases of RDD with isolated CNS involvement and review the literature on RDD with CNS involvement. One of the presented cases exhibited intramedullary involvement of the spinal cord--a very rare form of RDD with CNS involvement.

Intracranial rosai-dorfman disease

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare, benign pseudolymphomatous condition, predominantly involving lymph nodes. Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) (sinus histiocytes with massive lymphadenopathy) rarely affects the intracranial region without involvement of other sites. It is a rare and idiopathic histoproliferation disorder characterized by painless lymphadenopathy. We report a case of 43-year-old male who presented with unconsciousness; MRI was done and right temporofrontal mass was found. Excision was done, and on histopathology it confirmed RDD.