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Cameron JJ, Chee K, MacGregor JCD. Impressions of self-esteem influence impressions of close others and predictions for hypothetical events. SELF AND IDENTITY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2022.2164346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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2
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When a man sounds like a woman: The consequences of puberphonia for perceived romantic desirability and attractiveness for relationships. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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3
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Otterbring T, Rolschau K. Beauty is in the eye of the beer holder but rarely because of the beer. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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4
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Baker LR. Gratitude Increases Recipients’ Commitment Through Automatic Partner Evaluations, Yet Unreciprocated Gratitude Decreases Commitment Through Deliberative Evaluations. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550620967817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Feelings of gratitude motivate intimates to maintain valuable relationships. However, it is unknown whether expressions of gratitude similarly increase recipients’ relationship commitment. Two experiments tested the idea that expressions of gratitude simultaneously increase and decrease recipients’ commitment via different interpersonal evaluations, and reciprocity of gratitude determines the implications of such expressions. In Study 1, couples exchanged letters that did or did not express gratitude. Study 2 was a high-powered, preregistered experiment that led participants to believe they were or were not grateful for their partners, and their partners were or were not grateful for them. Both studies subsequently assessed automatic partner evaluations, deliberative partner and self-evaluations, and relationship commitment. Results demonstrated that intimates automatically evaluated partners who expressed gratitude more favorably and thus became more committed; however, if intimates did not reciprocate such gratitude, their deliberate self-evaluations became more favorable than their partner evaluations, and thus they became less committed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi R. Baker
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, NC, USA
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5
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The Desire for Power and Perceptions of Heterosexual Romantic Relationships: The Moderating Roles of Perceived Power and Gender. SEX ROLES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-019-01037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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6
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Zeigler-Hill V, Besser Y, Besser A. A negative halo effect for stuttering? The consequences of stuttering for romantic desirability are mediated by perceptions of personality traits, self-esteem, and intelligence. SELF AND IDENTITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2019.1645729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuval Besser
- Interdisciplinary School for Sciences, Health and Society, Department of Communication Disorders, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avi Besser
- Center for Research in Personality, Life Transitions, and Stressful Life Events, Sapir Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel
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Karakowsky L, Podolsky M, Elangovan AR. Signaling trustworthiness: The effect of leader humor on feedback-seeking behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology 2019; 160:170-189. [PMID: 31156058 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2019.1620161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Given its capacity to cultivate a range of positive outcomes in the workplace, humor has been recognized as a valuable tool for leadership purposes. However, the theoretical understanding of leader humor remains relatively limited and the mechanism through which it influences follower outcomes has not been clearly identified. Drawing on signaling theory, we developed and empirically tested a model which delineates the relationship between leader humor and a specific follower behavior - proactive feedback seeking. We collected data from 304 employees and their respective leaders working in a large Canadian retail organization. Results of our analyses indicate that leader humor can impact subordinate feedback-seeking behavior via its influence on subordinates' affect-based and cognition-based trust in the leader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Len Karakowsky
- York University, School of Administrative Studies, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark Podolsky
- York University, School of Human Resource Management, Toronto, Canada
| | - A R Elangovan
- University of Victoria, Peter B. Gustavson School of Business, Canada
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8
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Partner self-esteem and interpersonal risk: Rejection from a low self-esteem partner constrains connection and increases depletion. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Giacomin M, Jordan CH. Misperceiving grandiose narcissism as self-esteem: Why narcissists are well liked at zero acquaintance. J Pers 2018; 87:827-842. [PMID: 30320405 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examine why people form positive first impressions of grandiose narcissists, even though they can identify others' narcissism. We test whether this occurs because narcissists are perceived to have especially high self-esteem, which is socially valued. METHOD Across four studies, undergraduate perceivers viewed photographs of targets (for whom narcissism and self-esteem were known) and rated perceptions of their narcissism and self-esteem, as well as how much they liked them. RESULTS Perceivers rated more narcissistic targets to be higher in self-esteem (even compared to targets with equally high self-esteem) and liked them more. Perceptions of self-esteem, moreover, mediated the effect of target narcissism on liking (Study 1). This effect disappeared when targets' narcissism was made salient, suggesting that trait narcissism is not inherently attractive (Study 2). Finally, path models revealed a negative effect of perceptions of narcissism on liking that was suppressed by a positive effect of perceptions of self-esteem on liking (Study 3a), even for ratings of people's online dating profiles (Study 3b). CONCLUSIONS Positive initial impressions of narcissists may be driven by inflated perceptions that they have high self-esteem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Giacomin
- Department of Psychology, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christian H Jordan
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Peut-on améliorer ses habiletés de séduction ? SEXOLOGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Cameron JJ, Granger S. Does Self-Esteem Have an Interpersonal Imprint Beyond Self-Reports? A Meta-Analysis of Self-Esteem and Objective Interpersonal Indicators. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2018; 23:73-102. [PMID: 29482451 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318756532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Self-esteem promises to serve as the nexus of social experiences ranging from social acceptance, interpersonal traits, interpersonal behavior, relationship quality, and relationship stability. Yet previous researchers have questioned the utility of self-esteem for understanding relational outcomes. To examine the importance of self-esteem for understanding interpersonal experiences, we conducted systematic meta-analyses on the association between trait self-esteem and five types of interpersonal indicators. To ensure our results were not due to self-esteem biases in perception, we focused our meta-analyses to 196 samples totaling 121,300 participants wherein researchers assessed interpersonal indicators via outsider reports. Results revealed that the association between self-esteem and the majority of objective interpersonal indicators was small to moderate, lowest for specific and distal outcomes, and moderated by social risk. Importantly, a subset of longitudinal studies suggests that self-esteem predicts later interpersonal experience. Our results should encourage researchers to further explore the link between self-esteem and one's interpersonal world.
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Cortes K, Wood JV. Is it really “all in their heads”? How self-esteem predicts partner responsiveness. J Pers 2018; 86:990-1002. [DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cavallo JV, Hirniak A. No Assistance Desired: How Perceptions of Others’ Self-Esteem Affect Support-Seeking. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550617732394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Seeking social support from close others often instantiates effective support transactions that foster coping with negative events. However, people often do not solicit the support they require. The present research expands on this phenomenon by examining how perceptions of providers’ self-esteem influences support recipients’ willingness to seek help in times of need. Across five correlational, experimental, and dyadic investigations, we found that people were less willing to seek support from providers who they perceived to be lower (vs. higher) in self-esteem. Moreover, this effect was mediated by perceptions of efficacy in all studies, revealing that perceptions of providers’ self-worth affect the extent that recipients view them as capable and thus are willing to turn to them for help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin V. Cavallo
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Hirniak
- Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Zeigler-Hill V, Dahlen ER, Madson MB. Self-Esteem and Alcohol Use: Implications for Aggressive Behavior. Int J Ment Health Addict 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-017-9764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Hirschmüller S, Schmukle SC, Krause S, Back MD, Egloff B. Accuracy of Self-Esteem Judgments at Zero Acquaintance. J Pers 2017; 86:308-319. [PMID: 28317118 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perceptions of strangers' self-esteem can have wide-ranging interpersonal consequences. Aiming to reconcile inconsistent results from previous research that had predominantly suggested that self-esteem is a trait that can hardly be accurately judged at zero acquaintance, we examined unaquainted others' accuracy in inferring individuals' actual self-esteem. METHOD Ninety-nine target participants (77 female; Mage = 23.5 years) were videotaped in a self-introductory situation, and self-esteem self-reports and reports by well-known informants were obtained as separate accuracy criteria. Forty unacquainted observers judged targets' self-esteem on the basis of these short video sequences (M = 23s, SD = 7.7). RESULTS Results showed that both self-reported (r = .31, p = .002) and informant-reported self-esteem (r = .21, p = .040) of targets could be inferred by strangers. The degree of accuracy in self-esteem judgments could be explained with lens model analyses: Self- and informant-reported self-esteem predicted nonverbal and vocal friendliness, both of which predicted self-esteem judgments by observers. In addition, observers' accuracy in inferring informant-reported self-esteem was mediated by the utilization of targets' physical attractiveness. Besides using valid behavioral information to infer strangers' self-esteem, observers inappropriately relied on invalid behavioral information reflecting nonverbal, vocal, and verbal self-assuredness. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that strangers can quite accurately detect individuals' self-reported and informant-reported self-esteem when targets are observed in a public self-presentational situation.
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Giacomin M, Jordan CH. How implicit self-esteem influences perceptions of self-esteem at zero and non-zero acquaintance. SELF AND IDENTITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2016.1183516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Cameron JJ, Stinson DA, Hoplock L, Hole C, Schellenberg J. The robust self-esteem proxy: Impressions of self-esteem inform judgments of personality and social value. SELF AND IDENTITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2016.1175373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Stinson DA, Cameron JJ, Huang ET. Your Sociometer Is Telling You Something: How the Self-Esteem System Functions to Resolve Important Interpersonal Dilemmas. EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVES ON SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12697-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Vaughan J, Zeigler-Hill V, Arnau RC. Self-esteem instability and humor styles: does the stability of self-esteem influence how people use humor? The Journal of Social Psychology 2014; 154:299-310. [PMID: 25154114 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2014.896773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine whether self-esteem instability moderated the association between self-esteem level and the use of humor. This was accomplished by examining the associations that humor styles had with self-esteem level and self-esteem instability among 499 undergraduates. The results of the present study show that self-esteem instability moderated the association between self-esteem level and humor styles such that individuals with stable high self-esteem reported the highest levels of affiliative humor as well as the lowest levels of aggressive and self-defeating humor. These results suggest that individuals with stable and unstable forms of self-esteem employ different styles of humor.
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Zeigler-Hill V, Besser A. Self-esteem and Evaluations of Targets with Ostensibly Different Levels of Self-worth. SELF AND IDENTITY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2013.770194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zeigler-Hill V, Besser A, Jett SE. Laughing at the looking glass: does humor style serve as an interpersonal signal? EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2013; 11:201-26. [PMID: 23531806 PMCID: PMC10481033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The provision of information appears to be an important feature of humor. The present studies examined whether humor serves as an interpersonal signal such that an individual's style of humor is associated with how the individual is perceived by others. METHOD We examined this issue across two studies. In Study 1, undergraduate participants (257 targets) were rated more positively by their friends and family members (1194 perceivers) when they possessed more benign humor styles. In Study 2, 1190 community participants rated the romantic desirability of targets ostensibly possessing different humor styles. RESULTS Across both studies, our results were consistent with the possibility that humor serves as a signal. More specifically, individuals with benign humor styles (affiliative and self-enhancing humor styles) were evaluated more positively than those targets with injurious humor styles (aggressive and self-defeating humor styles). CONCLUSION These findings are discussed in terms of the role that humor may play in interpersonal perception and relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avi Besser
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Center for Research in Personality, Life Transitions, and Stressful Life Events, Sapir Academic College, D. N. Hof Ashkelon 79165, Israel
| | - Stephanie E. Jett
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
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Zeigler-Hill V, Besser A, Myers EM, Southard AC, Malkin ML. The status-signaling property of self-esteem: the role of self-reported self-esteem and perceived self-esteem in personality judgments. J Pers 2013; 81:209-20. [PMID: 22433040 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2012.00790.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The provision of information appears to be an important feature of self-esteem. The present studies examined whether self-esteem possesses a status-signaling property such that an individual's level of self-esteem is associated with how the individual is perceived by others. METHOD In Study 1, trained judges watched brief videos of 157 participants and rated targets as having higher levels of self-esteem when the targets were believed to possess more positive personality characteristics. Study 2 found that participants (357 targets) were rated as having higher levels of self-esteem when they were given more positive personality evaluations by their friends and family members (1,615 perceivers). RESULTS Consistent with the proposed status-signaling model, high levels of self-esteem were generally associated with the perception of positive personality characteristics. CONCLUSIONS These findings are discussed in the context of an extended informational model of self-esteem consisting of both the status-tracking and status-signaling properties of self-esteem.
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Malkin ML, Zeigler-Hill V, Barry CT, Southard AC. The View From the Looking Glass: How Are Narcissistic Individuals Perceived by Others? J Pers 2013; 81:1-15. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2013.00780.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zeigler-Hill V, Besser A, Jett SE. Laughing at the Looking Glass: Does Humor Style Serve as an Interpersonal Signal? EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/147470491301100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The provision of information appears to be an important feature of humor. The present studies examined whether humor serves as an interpersonal signal such that an individual's style of humor is associated with how the individual is perceived by others. Method: We examined this issue across two studies. In Study 1, undergraduate participants (257 targets) were rated more positively by their friends and family members (1194 perceivers) when they possessed more benign humor styles. In Study 2, 1190 community participants rated the romantic desirability of targets ostensibly possessing different humor styles. Results: Across both studies, our results were consistent with the possibility that humor serves as a signal. More specifically, individuals with benign humor styles (affiliative and self-enhancing humor styles) were evaluated more positively than those targets with injurious humor styles (aggressive and self-defeating humor styles). Conclusion: These findings are discussed in terms of the role that humor may play in interpersonal perception and relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avi Besser
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Center for Research in Personality, Life Transitions, and Stressful Life Events, Sapir Academic College, D. N. Hof Ashkelon 79165, Israel
| | - Stephanie E. Jett
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
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Zeigler-Hill V, Wallace MT, Myers EM. Racial differences in self-esteem revisited: The role of impression management in the Black self-esteem advantage. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Fussell NJ, Stollery BT. Between-sex differences in romantic jealousy: substance or spin? A qualitative analysis. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2012; 10:136-72. [PMID: 22833855 PMCID: PMC10426880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An influential evolutionary account of romantic jealousy proposes that natural selection shaped a specific sexually-dimorphic psychological mechanism in response to relationship threat. However, this account has faced considerable theoretical and methodological criticism and it remains unclear whether putative sex differences in romantic jealousy actually exist and, if they do, whether they are consistent with its predictions. Given the multidimensional nature of romantic jealousy, the current study employed a qualitative design to examine these issues. We report the results of sixteen semi-structured interviews that were conducted with heterosexual men and women with the purpose of exploring the emotions, cognitions and behaviors that formed their subjective, lived experience in response to relationship threat. Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed four super-ordinate themes ("threat appraisal", "emotional episodes", "sex-specific threat" and "forgive and forget") and unequivocal sex differences in romantic jealousy consistent with the evolutionary account. Self-esteem, particularly when conceptualized as an index of mate value, emerged as an important proximal mediator for both sexes. However, specific outcomes were dependent upon domains central to the individual's self concept that were primarily sex-specific. The findings are integrated within the context of existing self-esteem and evolutionary theory and future directions for romantic jealousy research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J Fussell
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom.
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Myers EM, Zeigler-Hill V. How much do narcissists really like themselves? Using the bogus pipeline procedure to better understand the self-esteem of narcissists. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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28
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Fussell NJ, Stollery BT. Between-Sex Differences in Romantic Jealousy: Substance or Spin? A Qualitative Analysis. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/147470491201000114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An influential evolutionary account of romantic jealousy proposes that natural selection shaped a specific sexually-dimorphic psychological mechanism in response to relationship threat. However, this account has faced considerable theoretical and methodological criticism and it remains unclear whether putative sex differences in romantic jealousy actually exist and, if they do, whether they are consistent with its predictions. Given the multidimensional nature of romantic jealousy, the current study employed a qualitative design to examine these issues. We report the results of sixteen semi-structured interviews that were conducted with heterosexual men and women with the purpose of exploring the emotions, cognitions and behaviors that formed their subjective, lived experience in response to relationship threat. Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed four super-ordinate themes (“threat appraisal”, “emotional episodes”, “sex-specific threat” and “forgive and forget”) and unequivocal sex differences in romantic jealousy consistent with the evolutionary account. Self-esteem, particularly when conceptualized as an index of mate value, emerged as an important proximal mediator for both sexes. However, specific outcomes were dependent upon domains central to the individual's self concept that were primarily sex-specific. The findings are integrated within the context of existing self-esteem and evolutionary theory and future directions for romantic jealousy research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola J. Fussell
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Brian T. Stollery
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
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