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Liang XR, Liu YF, Chen F, Zhou ZX, Zhang LJ, Lin ZJ. Cell Cycle-Related lncRNAs as Innovative Targets to Advance Cancer Management. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:547-561. [PMID: 37426392 PMCID: PMC10327678 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s407371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) longer than 200nt. They have complex biological functions and take part in multiple fundamental biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and apoptosis. Recent studies suggest that lncRNAs modulate critical regulatory proteins involved in cancer cell cycle, such as cyclin, cell cycle protein-dependent kinases (CDK) and cell cycle protein-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) through different mechanisms. To clarify the role of lncRNAs in the regulation of cell cycle will provide new ideas for design of antitumor therapies which intervene with the cell cycle progression. In this paper, we review the recent studies about the controlling of lncRNAs on cell cycle related proteins such as cyclin, CDK and CKI in different cancers. We further outline the different mechanisms involved in this regulation and describe the emerging role of cell cycle-related lncRNAs in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ru Liang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Inflammatory Disease Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Inflammatory Disease Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xia Zhou
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Inflammatory Disease Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Juan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Inflammatory Disease Research in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People’s Republic of China
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Twenhafel L, Moreno D, Punt T, Kinney M, Ryznar R. Epigenetic Changes Associated with Osteosarcoma: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2023; 12:1595. [PMID: 37371065 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. While clinical outcomes have improved, the 5-year survival rate is only around 60% if discovered early and can require debilitating treatments, such as amputations. A better understanding of the disease could lead to better clinical outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma. One promising avenue of osteosarcoma research is in the field of epigenetics. This research investigates changes in genetic expression that occur above the genome rather than in the genetic code itself. The epigenetics of osteosarcoma is an active area of research that is still not fully understood. In a narrative review, we examine recent advances in the epigenetics of osteosarcoma by reporting biomarkers of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA associated with disease progression. We also show how cancer tumor epigenetic profiles are being used to predict and improve patient outcomes. The papers in this review cover a large range of epigenetic target genes and pathways that modulate many aspects of osteosarcoma, including but not limited to metastases and chemotherapy resistance. Ultimately, this review will shed light on the recent advances in the epigenetics of osteosarcoma and illustrate the clinical benefits of this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Twenhafel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - DiAnna Moreno
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Trista Punt
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Madeline Kinney
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
| | - Rebecca Ryznar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rocky Vista University, Englewood, CO 80112, USA
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Yang Z, Xu F, Teschendorff AE, Zhao Y, Yao L, Li J, He Y. Insights into the role of long non-coding RNAs in DNA methylation mediated transcriptional regulation. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1067406. [PMID: 36533073 PMCID: PMC9755597 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1067406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms that governing regulation of gene expression, aberrant DNA methylation patterns are strongly associated with human malignancies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have being discovered as a significant regulator on gene expression at the epigenetic level. Emerging evidences have indicated the intricate regulatory effects between lncRNAs and DNA methylation. On one hand, transcription of lncRNAs are controlled by the promoter methylation, which is similar to protein coding genes, on the other hand, lncRNA could interact with enzymes involved in DNA methylation to affect the methylation pattern of downstream genes, thus regulating their expression. In addition, circular RNAs (circRNAs) being an important class of noncoding RNA are also found to participate in this complex regulatory network. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on this crosstalk between lncRNA, circRNA, and DNA methylation as well as their potential functions in complex diseases including cancer. This work reveals a hidden layer for gene transcriptional regulation and enhances our understanding for epigenetics regarding detailed mechanisms on lncRNA regulatory function in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Andrew E. Teschendorff
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Experiment Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yungang He
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation of Pudong Hospital, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Khoshbakht T, Hussen BM, Dong P, Gassler N, Taheri M, Baniahmad A, Dilmaghani NA. A review on the role of cyclin dependent kinases in cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:325. [PMID: 36266723 PMCID: PMC9583502 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) class of serine/threonine kinases has crucial roles in the regulation of cell cycle transition and is mainly involved in the pathogenesis of cancers. The expression of CDKs is controlled by a complex regulatory network comprised of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, which are dysregulated during the progression of cancer. The abnormal activation of CDKs results in uncontrolled cancer cell proliferation and the induction of cancer stem cell characteristics. The levels of CDKs can be utilized to predict the prognosis and treatment response of cancer patients, and further understanding of the function and underlying mechanisms of CDKs in human tumors would pave the way for future cancer therapies that effectively target CDKs. Defects in the regulation of cell cycle and mutations in the genes coding cell-cycle regulatory proteins lead to unrestrained proliferation of cells leading to formation of tumors. A number of treatment modalities have been designed to combat dysregulation of cell cycle through affecting expression or activity of CDKs. However, effective application of these methods in the clinical settings requires recognition of the role of CDKs in the progression of each type of cancer, their partners, their interactions with signaling pathways and the effects of suppression of these kinases on malignant features. Thus, we designed this literature search to summarize these findings at cellular level, as well as in vivo and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyebeh Khoshbakht
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Peixin Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nikolaus Gassler
- Section of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Nader Akbari Dilmaghani
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Fan L, Zhong Z, Lin Y, Li J. Non-coding RNAs as potential biomarkers in osteosarcoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:1028477. [PMID: 36338952 PMCID: PMC9627036 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1028477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary solid malignant tumor that occurs most frequently in the metaphysis of long bones. More likely to happen to children and adolescents. OS has high mortality and disability rate. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of OS have not been fully understood till now. Due to the lack of effective biomarkers, OS cannot be precisely detected in the early stage. With the application of next-generation and high-throughput sequencing, more and more abnormally expressed non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs) have been identified in OS. Growing evidences have suggested the ncRNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), have played an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression of OS. Thus, they can be served as novel biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. This review summarized the application of ncRNA as biomarkers in OS in detail, and discussed the limitation and future improvement of the potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Fan
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Luoyang Postgraduate Training Department, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenhao Zhong
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yubo Lin
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jitian Li
- Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Luoyang Postgraduate Training Department, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The First College for Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Jitian Li,
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Liu J, Shang G. The Roles of Noncoding RNAs in the Development of Osteosarcoma Stem Cells and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:773038. [PMID: 35252166 PMCID: PMC8888953 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.773038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the common bone tumor in children and adolescents. Because of chemotherapy resistance, the OS patients have a poor prognosis. The one reason of chemotherapeutic resistance is the development of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs represent a small portion of tumor cells with the capacity of self-renewal and multipotency, which are associated with tumor initiation, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance. Recently, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to critically regulate CSCs. Therefore, in this review article, we described the role of ncRNAs, especially miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs, in regulating CSCs development and potential mechanisms. Specifically, we discussed the role of multiple miRNAs in targeting CSCs, including miR-26a, miR-29b, miR-34a, miR-133a, miR-143, miR-335, miR-382, miR-499a, miR-1247, and let-7days. Moreover, we highlighted the functions of lncRNAs in regulating CSCs in OS, such as B4GALT1-AS1, DANCR, DLX6-AS1, FER1L4, HIF2PUT, LINK-A, MALAT1, SOX2-OT, and THOR. Due to the critical roles of ncRNAs in regulation of OS CSCs, targeting ncRNAs might be a novel strategy for eliminating CSCs for OS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guanning Shang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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