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Castiglioni S, Locatelli L, Cazzaniga A, Orecchio FM, Santaniello T, Piazzoni C, Bureau L, Borghi F, Milani P, Maier JA. Cluster-Assembled Zirconia Substrates Accelerate the Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:801. [PMID: 36903679 PMCID: PMC10005756 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to their high mechanical strength and good biocompatibility, nanostructured zirconia surfaces (ns-ZrOx) are widely used for bio-applications. Through supersonic cluster beam deposition, we produced ZrOx films with controllable roughness at the nanoscale, mimicking the morphological and topographical properties of the extracellular matrix. We show that a 20 nm ns-ZrOx surface accelerates the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (bMSCs) by increasing the deposition of calcium in the extracellular matrix and upregulating some osteogenic differentiation markers. bMSCs seeded on 20 nm ns-ZrOx show randomly oriented actin fibers, changes in nuclear morphology, and a reduction in mitochondrial transmembrane potential when compared to the cells cultured on flat zirconia (flat-ZrO2) substrates and glass coverslips used as controls. Additionally, an increase in ROS, known to promote osteogenesis, was detected after 24 h of culture on 20 nm ns-ZrOx. All the modifications induced by the ns-ZrOx surface are rescued after the first hours of culture. We propose that ns-ZrOx-induced cytoskeletal remodeling transmits signals generated by the extracellular environment to the nucleus, with the consequent modulation of the expression of genes controlling cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Castiglioni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Locatelli
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cazzaniga
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Maria Orecchio
- Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.[M1]), University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria, 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Santaniello
- Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.[M1]), University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria, 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Piazzoni
- Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.[M1]), University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria, 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lionel Bureau
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique (LIPhy), Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Francesca Borghi
- Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.[M1]), University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria, 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Milani
- Department of Physics and Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (C.I.Ma.I.Na.[M1]), University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria, 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jeanette A. Maier
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy
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Preparation of Human Muscle Precursor Cells for the MyoGravity Project’s Study of Cell Cultures in Experiment Units for Space Flight Purposes. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12147013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Long-time exposure to the microgravity conditions experienced during space flights induces alterations in the homeostasis of organs and tissues, including skeletal muscles, which undergo atrophy with the loss of mass and strength due to decreased size and altered composition of myofibers. Microgravity conditions can also affect the functionality of satellite cells, i.e., the adult stem cells providing the muscle precursors that are responsible for the growth and maintenance of muscle mass in adult life, as well as for muscle regeneration following a damage. The MyoGravity project, funded by Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), aimed to send human muscle precursor cells (huMPCs) on board the International Space Station (ISS) in order to study the effects of real microgravity on the differentiation capacity of this cell type. To this end, it was necessary to use a methodology to cultivate huMPCs inside dedicated space bioreactor devices (Experiment Units, EUs) specifically designed to cultivate cell cultures and perform scientific protocols in the space environment of the ISS. Here, we report the setting of several cell culture parameters to convert the EUs into suitable devices for biomedical experiments using huMPCs for space flight purposes.
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