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Devlin SP, Moacdieh NM, Wickens CD, Riggs SL. Transitions Between Low and High Levels of Mental Workload can Improve Multitasking Performance. IISE Trans Occup Ergon Hum Factors 2020; 8:72-87. [PMID: 32673167 DOI: 10.1080/24725838.2020.1770898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OCCUPATIONAL APPLICATIONS Complex and dynamic environments including military operations, healthcare, aviation, and driving require operators to transition seamlessly between levels of mental workload. However, little is known about how the rate of an increase in workload impacts multitasking performance, especially in the context of real-world tasks. We evaluated both gradual and sudden workload increases in the dynamic multitasking environment of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) command and control testbed and compared them to constant workload. Workload transitions were found to improve response time and accuracy compared to when workload was held constant at low or high. These results suggest that workload transitions may allow operators to better regulate mental resources. These findings can also inform the design of operations and technology to assist operators' management of cognitive resources, which include negating the adverse effects of vigilance decrements during low workload periods and data overload during high workload periods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadine Marie Moacdieh
- Industrial Engineering and Management, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Sara Lu Riggs
- Engineering Systems and Environment, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Parush A, Mastoras G, Bhandari A, Momtahan K, Day K, Weitzman B, Sohmer B, Cwinn A, Hamstra SJ, Calder L. Can teamwork and situational awareness (SA) in ED resuscitations be improved with a technological cognitive aid? Design and a pilot study of a team situation display. J Biomed Inform 2017; 76:154-161. [PMID: 29051106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Effective teamwork in ED resuscitations, including information sharing and situational awareness, could be degraded. Technological cognitive aids can facilitate effective teamwork. OBJECTIVE This study focused on the design of an ED situation display and pilot test its influence on teamwork and situational awareness during simulated resuscitation scenarios. MATERIAL AND METHODS The display design consisted of a central area showing the critical dynamic parameters of the interventions with an events time-line below it. Static information was placed at the sides of the display. We pilot tested whether the situation display could lead to higher scores on the Clinical Teamwork Scale (CTS), improved scores on a context-specific Situational Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT) tool, and team communication patterns that reflect teamwork and situational awareness. RESULTS Resuscitation teamwork, as measured by the CTS, was overall better with the presence of the situation display as compared with no situation display. Team members discussed interventions more with the situation display compared with not having the situation display. Situational awareness was better with the situation display only in the trauma scenario. DISCUSSION The situation display could be more effective for certain ED team members and in certain cases. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this pilot study implies that a situation display could facilitate better teamwork and team communication in the resuscitation event.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Parush
- Carleton University, Department of Psychology, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Management, Israel.
| | - G Mastoras
- University of Ottawa, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A Bhandari
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - K Momtahan
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - K Day
- University of Ottawa, Academy for Innovation in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - B Weitzman
- University of Ottawa, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - B Sohmer
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A Cwinn
- University of Ottawa, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - S J Hamstra
- University of Ottawa, Faculty of Education, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - L Calder
- University of Ottawa, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Canadian Medical Protection Association, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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