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Ammar N, El-Tekeya MM. Hallermann–Streiff syndrome: Case report with abnormal pulp calcifications. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.965560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hallermann–Streiff syndrome (HSS) is a disorder of rare occurrence affecting the craniofacial complex, with approximately 200 cases reported in the literature. Nonetheless, its distinctive facial features render it highly recognizable. We present the case of a 5-year-old girl with this syndrome and review the dental manifestations and management in this patient. In addition to the diagnostic facial features of brachycephaly with frontal bossing, beak-shaped nose, microphthalmia, and mandibular retrusion, multiple dental manifestations were noted, including the absence of the mandibular condyle, ghost teeth, and unusual pulpal calcifications in both the primary and the permanent teeth, which have not been previously reported in a case of HSS. There is no consensus on the suitable treatment plan to be given for HSS patients from a young age due to an underreporting of these cases in the literature. In this report, we discuss pediatric dental management options for a patient with HSS and share her perspective of the treatment.
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Kim YJ, Lee Y, Zhang H, Seymen F, Koruyucu M, Bayrak S, Tuloglu N, Simmer JP, Hu JCC, Kim JW. Translated Mutant DSPP mRNA Expression Level Impacts the Severity of Dentin Defects. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1002. [PMID: 35743786 PMCID: PMC9225647 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12061002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary dentin defects are conventionally classified into three types of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and two types of dentin dysplasia (DD). Mutations in the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene have been identified to cause DGI type II and III and DD type II; therefore, these are not three different conditions, but rather allelic disorders. In this study, we recruited three families with varying clinical phenotypes from DGI-III to DD-II and performed mutational analysis by candidate gene analysis or whole-exome sequencing. Three novel mutations including a silent mutation (NM_014208.3: c.52-2del, c.135+1G>C, and c.135G>A; p.(Gln45=)) were identified, all of which affected pre-mRNA splicing. Comparison of the splicing assay results revealed that the expression level of the DSPP exon 3 deletion transcript correlated with the severity of the dentin defects. This study did not only expand the mutational spectrum of DSPP gene, but also advanced our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis impacting the severity of hereditary dentin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yejin Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Istanbul 34147, Turkey;
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey;
| | - Sule Bayrak
- Private Practice, Eskisehir 26150, Turkey; (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - Nuray Tuloglu
- Private Practice, Eskisehir 26150, Turkey; (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - James P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jan C.-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Clear Aligners in Patients with Amelogenesis and Dentinogenesis Imperfecta. Int J Dent 2022; 2021:7343094. [PMID: 34976063 PMCID: PMC8718276 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7343094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) and amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) are hereditary abnormalities of dental hard tissues. Dental abnormalities may also be accompanied by symptoms of disorders such as osteogenesis imperfecta. AI and DI have a significant burden on socializing, function, and comfort; therefore, frequent screening and accurate diagnosis is the cornerstone of managing such conditions. Both AI and DI could be treated with many strategies, including restorative, prosthetic, periodontal, surgical, and orthodontics treatment. The interdisciplinary combination of orthodontic, prosthodontic, and periodontic treatment has been proven to improve the prognosis of AI and DI. Regarding orthodontic treatment, the most difficult element of orthodontic therapy may be maintaining a high level of motivation for what might be a prolonged form of treatment spanning several years. There are many forms of orthodontic management for AI and DI, including removable appliances, functional appliances, and fixed appliances. Clear aligner therapy (CAT) contains a broad range of equipment that works in different ways, has different construction processes, and is compatible with different malocclusion procedures. The application of CAT in patients with AI and DI is favorable over the fixed applicants. However, the available evidence regarding the application of CAT in AI is weak and heterogeneous. In this review, we discussed the current evidence regarding the application of clear CAT in patients with AI and DI.
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Desai V. A case of isolated wide pulp chambers in second premolars along with enamel hypoplasia - Dentinogenesis imperfecta - A diagnostic dilemma. ARCHIVES OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/amhs.amhs_286_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
Non-syndromic inherited defects of tooth dentin are caused by two classes of dominant negative/gain-of-function mutations in dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP): 5' mutations affecting an N-terminal targeting sequence and 3' mutations that shift translation into the - 1 reading frame. DSPP defects cause an overlapping spectrum of phenotypes classified as dentin dysplasia type II and dentinogenesis imperfecta types II and III. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated a Dspp-1fs mouse model by introducing a FLAG-tag followed by a single nucleotide deletion that translated 493 extraneous amino acids before termination. Developing incisors and/or molars from this mouse and a DsppP19L mouse were characterized by morphological assessment, bSEM, nanohardness testing, histological analysis, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. DsppP19L dentin contained dentinal tubules but grew slowly and was softer and less mineralized than the wild-type. DsppP19L incisor enamel was softer than normal, while molar enamel showed reduced rod/interrod definition. Dspp-1fs dentin formation was analogous to reparative dentin: it lacked dentinal tubules, contained cellular debris, and was significantly softer and thinner than Dspp+/+ and DsppP19L dentin. The Dspp-1fs incisor enamel appeared normal and was comparable to the wild-type in hardness. We conclude that 5' and 3' Dspp mutations cause dental malformations through different pathological mechanisms and can be regarded as distinct disorders.
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Jani P, Duverger O, Mishra R, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA, Lee JS. Case Report: Rare Presentation of Dentin Abnormalities in Loeys-Dietz Syndrome Type I. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.674136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Loeys-Dietz syndrome type 1 (LDS1) is caused by a mutation in the transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) gene. We previously characterized the oral and dental anomalies in a cohort of individuals diagnosed with LDS and showed that LDS1 had a high frequency of oral manifestations, and most affected individuals had enamel defects. However, dentin anomalies were not apparent in most patients in the cohort. In this cohort, we had identified dentin anomalies in a patient with LDS1, harboring mutation TGFBR1 c.1459C>T (p.Arg487Trp), and in this report, we present clinical and radiographic findings to confirm the dentin anomaly. The proband had gray-brown discoloration of most teeth typical for dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI). A radiographic exam revealed obliterated or very narrow pulp canals, with maxillary anterior teeth being affected more than the posterior teeth. The son of the proband, who also has the same mutation variant, had a history of DI affecting the primary teeth; however, his permanent teeth were normal in appearance at the time of exam. TGFBR1 is expressed by odontoblasts throughout tooth development and deletion of TGFBR1 in mouse models is known to affect dentin development. In this report, we present a rare case of abnormal dentin in two individuals with LDS1. These dental anomalies may be the first obvious manifestation of a life-threatening systemic disease and demonstrate the variable and multi-organ phenotypic effects in rare diseases.
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Desai V, Chitguppi R. Nonsyndromic dentin genetic diseases: Dentinogenesis imperfecta Type III: A unique presentation of rhizomegaly, taurodontism, and dilacerated roots. SAUDI JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/sjoralsci.sjoralsci_17_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Full Mouth Rehabilitation of Two Siblings with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II Using Different Treatment Modalities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197029. [PMID: 32992978 PMCID: PMC7579056 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) is a complex anomaly, not only by its structure but by treatment approach. The treatment protocol depends on the severity, behavior, and the age of the patient. Case Description: This paper presents two siblings’ cases of DGI type II (DGI-II) with different treatment based on the patient’s clinical severity, behavior, and age (mixed versus primary dentition). The first case involves a patient in the primary dentition with severe attrition leading to a reduction in the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) treated by the fabrication of complete overlay dentures. The second case involves a patient in the early mixed dentition treated with restorations and extractions. Conclusion: Full mouth rehabilitation in the two patients dramatically improves function, aesthetics, and proved to be a significant psychological boost to the patient’s well-being. Practical Implications: Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach for patients with DGI to preserve the remaining teeth and rehabilitation for their function and aesthetics are essential for obtaining a favorable prognosis.
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Mathew JE, Varma B, Jacob JJ, Kalra S. "Orocrinology": Seven Easy Steps! Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2020; 24:244-250. [PMID: 33083263 PMCID: PMC7539024 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_119_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A complete examination of the oral cavity is a neglected part of physical examination and is not taught in both undergraduate and postgraduate medical training. We believe that a thorough oral examination helps in the identification of a variety of endocrine disorders and so to emphasize this, we have proposed the term "orocrinolgy." Orocrinology is the art of using a Thorough oral cavity examination to diagnose a variety of adult and pediatric endocrine disorders. Under "orocrinology," we have highlighted an easy to perform a seven-step technique to perform a complete examination of the oral cavity. The common endocrine-related abnormalities that you might encounter during each of these seven steps is summarized along with the steps. The seven steps start with the examination of the salivary glands, followed by the lips. This is followed by the examination of labial, buccal, alveolar, and gingival mucosa in two steps. The fifth step is the Inspection of the tongue and the base of the mouth followed by the sixth step, which is the evaluation of the palate, uvula, and tonsils. The final seventh step is the examination of the hard structures in the oral cavity, which includes the teeth, mandible, and the maxilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Elizabeth Mathew
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Amritha School of Dentistry, Amritha Viswa Vidyapeedom, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Beena Varma
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Amritha School of Dentistry, Amritha Viswa Vidyapeedom, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Jubbin Jagan Jacob
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Sabel N, Norén JG, Robertson A, Cornell DH. X-ray microanalysis of dentine in primary teeth diagnosed Dentinogenesis Imperfecta type II. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 21:527-535. [PMID: 31823211 PMCID: PMC7415746 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-0392-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aim To analyse the elemental composition of dentine in primary teeth from children diagnosed with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta type II (DI) and from normal sound primary teeth using X-ray microanalysis. Materials and methods X-ray microanalysis of the elements C, O, Na, Mg, P, Cl, K and Ca were performed in the dentine of five normal primary teeth and in seven primary teeth diagnosed DI. The analysis was made in a low magnification in 10 points from the enamel-dentine junction/root surface toward the pulp. The data was also evaluated with an inductive analysis. Results Lower values for C were found in DI-dentine compared with normal dentine. Na had significantly higher values in DI-dentine while Mg had significantly lower values. The inductive analysis revealed that Na and Mg were the most important elements for discriminating DI-dentine from normal dentine. Conclusions Dentine in primary teeth from patients diagnosed with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta type II analysed with XRMA have lower values of C and Mg and higher values of O and Na compared with normal primary dentine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40368-018-0392-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sabel
- Department of Pediatric dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J G Norén
- Department of Pediatric dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - A Robertson
- Department of Pediatric dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D H Cornell
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 460, SE 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lee JW, Hong J, Seymen F, Kim YJ, Kang J, Koruyucu M, Tuloglu N, Bayrak S, Song JS, Shin TJ, Hyun HK, Kim YJ, Lee JC, Park JC, Hu J, Simmer J, Kim JW. Novel frameshift mutations in DSPP cause dentin dysplasia type II. Oral Dis 2019; 25:2044-2046. [PMID: 31454439 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiwon Hong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jenny Kang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuray Tuloglu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Sule Bayrak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ji-Soo Song
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Teo Jeon Shin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Keun Hyun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Jae Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Joo-Cheol Park
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jan Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Molecular Genetics & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Ranjitkar S, Yong R, Wu IC, Gully G, Farmer D, Watson I, Heithersay G. Dentinal dysplasia type 1: A 3D micro-computed tomographic study of enamel, dentine and root canal morphology. AUST ENDOD J 2019; 45:298-304. [PMID: 31310441 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dentine dysplasia type 1 is a rare and complex dental anomaly. Our aim was to conduct a morphometric assessment of a dentinal dysplasia type 1c (DD1c) caries-free mandibular second molar, extracted due to symptomatic apical periodontitis. Controls consisted of five intact mandibular second molars. Micro-computed tomography analysis showed that the DD1c volume % for enamel, dentine/cementum and pulp chamber fell in the 0.36th, 99.97th and 0.09th percentiles of the control teeth (P < 0.01). It also revealed an extremely complicated root canal system in the DD1c tooth with a varying degree of dentine mineralisation and aberrant dentine deposition in the pulp chamber. A crack extending from the external tooth surface to the pulp chamber was identified as a potential site for microbial invasion. Clinical implications include preventive measures and early intervention in reversible pulpitis. Conclusion: Micro-CT imaging can be useful in establishing post-extraction diagnosis of cracks and phenomic characterisation of tooth anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbin Ranjitkar
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robin Yong
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - I-Cheng Wu
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Grant Gully
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel Farmer
- Adelaide Endodontic Specialists, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ian Watson
- 7 Bartley Ave, Netherby, South Australia, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Heithersay
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Andersson K, Malmgren B, Åström E, Dahllöf G. Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II in Swedish children and adolescents. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:145. [PMID: 30134932 PMCID: PMC6106925 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-018-0887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) is a heritable disorder of dentin. Genetic analyses have found two subgroups in this disorder: DGI type I, a syndromic form associated with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), and DGI type II, a non-syndromic form. The differential diagnosis between types I and II is often challenging. Thus, the present cross-sectional study had two aims: to (i) investigate the prevalence and incidence of DGI type II among Swedish children and adolescents and (ii) search out undiagnosed cases of DGI type I by documenting the prevalence of clinical symptoms of OI in these individuals. We invited all public and private specialist pediatric dental clinics (n = 47) in 21 counties of Sweden to participate in the study. We then continuously followed up all reported cases during 2014−2017 in order to identify all children and adolescents presenting with DGI type II. Using a structured questionnaire and an examination protocol, pediatric dentists interviewed and examined patients regarding medical aspects such as bruising, prolonged bleeding, spraining, fractures, hearing impairment, and family history of osteoporosis and OI. Joint hypermobility and sclerae were assessed. The clinical oral examination, which included a radiographic examination when indicated, emphasized dental variables associated with OI. Results The prevalence of DGI type II was estimated to be 0.0022% (95% CI, 0.0016–0.0029%) or 1 in 45,455 individuals. Dental agenesis occurred in 9% of our group. Other findings included tooth retention (17%), pulpal obliteration (100%), and generalized joint hypermobility (30%). Clinical and radiographic findings raised a suspicion of undiagnosed OI in one individual, a 2-year-old boy; he was later diagnosed with OI type IV. Conclusions These results show a significantly lower prevalence of DGI type II than previously reported and point to the importance of excluding OI in children with DGI. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13023-018-0887-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Andersson
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, POB 4064, SE-141 04, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - B Malmgren
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, POB 4064, SE-141 04, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - E Åström
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pediatric Neurology, PO3, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Dahllöf
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, POB 4064, SE-141 04, Huddinge, Sweden
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Abstract
By the Shields classification, articulated over 30 years ago, inherited dentin defects are divided into 5 types: 3 types of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI), and 2 types of dentin dysplasia (DD). DGI type I is osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) with DGI. OI with DGI is caused, in most cases, by mutations in the 2 genes encoding type I collagen. Many genes are required to generate the enzymes that catalyze collagen’s diverse post-translational modifications and its assembly into fibers, fibrils, bundles, and networks. Rare inherited diseases of bone are caused by defects in these genes, and some are occasionally found to include DGI as a feature. Appreciation of the complicated genetic etiology of DGI associated with bony defects splintered the DGI type I description into a multitude of more precisely defined entities, all with their own designations. In contrast, DD-II, DGI-II, and DGI-III, each with its own pattern of inherited defects limited to the dentition, have been found to be caused by various defects in DSPP (dentin sialophosphoprotein), a gene encoding the major non-collagenous proteins of dentin. Only DD-I, an exceedingly rare condition featuring short, blunt roots with obliterated pulp chambers, remains untouched by the revolution in genetics, and its etiology is still a mystery. A major surprise in the characterization of genes underlying inherited dentin defects is the apparent lack of roles played by the genes encoding the less-abundant non-collagenous proteins in dentin, such as dentin matrix protein 1 ( DMP1), integrin-binding sialoprotein ( IBSP), matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein ( MEPE), and secreted phosphoprotein-1, or osteopontin ( SPP1, OPN). This review discusses the development of the dentin extracellular matrix in the context of its evolution, and discusses the phenotypes and clinical classifications of isolated hereditary defects of tooth dentin in the context of recent genetic data respecting their genetic etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-W Kim
- Seoul National University, School of Dentistry Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, 28-2 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, Korea 110-749
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15
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Yang J, Kawasaki K, Lee M, Reid BM, Nunez SM, Choi M, Seymen F, Koruyucu M, Kasimoglu Y, Estrella-Yuson N, Lin BPJ, Simmer JP, Hu JCC. The dentin phosphoprotein repeat region and inherited defects of dentin. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2016; 4:28-38. [PMID: 26788535 PMCID: PMC4707025 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic dentin defects classified as type II dentin dysplasia and types II and III dentinogenesis imperfecta are caused by mutations in DSPP (dentin sialophosphoprotein). Most reported disease‐causing DSPP mutations occur within the repetitive DPP (dentin phosphoprotein) coding sequence. We characterized the DPP sequences of five probands with inherited dentin defects using single molecule real‐time (SMRT) DNA sequencing. Eight of the 10 sequences matched previously reported DPP length haplotypes and two were novel. Alignment with known DPP sequences showed 32 indels arranged in 36 different patterns. Sixteen of the 32 indels were not represented in more than one haplotype. The 25 haplotypes with confirmed indels were aligned to generate a tree that describes how the length variations might have evolved. Some indels were independently generated in multiple lines. A previously reported disease‐causing DSPP mutation in Family 1 was confirmed and its position clarified (c.3135delC; p.Ser1045Argfs*269). A novel frameshift mutation (c.3504_3508dup; p.Asp1170Alafs*146) caused the dentin defects in Family 2. A COL1A2 (c.2027G>A or p.Gly676Asp) missense mutation, discovered by whole‐exome sequencing, caused the dentin defects in Family 3. We conclude that SMRT sequencing characterizes the DPP repeat region without cloning and can improve our understanding of normal and pathological length variations in DSPP alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Biologic and Materials SciencesUniversity of Michigan School of Dentistry1210 Eisenhower PlaceAnn ArborMichigan; Department of Pediatric DentistrySchool and Hospital of StomatologyPeking University22 South AvenueZhongguancun Haidian DistrictBeijing100081China
| | - Kazuhiko Kawasaki
- Department of Anthropology Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Moses Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University College of Medicine 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu Seoul 110-768 Korea
| | - Bryan M Reid
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences University of Michigan School of Dentistry 1210 Eisenhower Place Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Stephanie M Nunez
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences University of Michigan School of Dentistry 1210 Eisenhower Place Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University College of Medicine 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu Seoul 110-768 Korea
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics Faculty of Dentistry Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics Faculty of Dentistry Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Yelda Kasimoglu
- Department of Pedodontics Faculty of Dentistry Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ninna Estrella-Yuson
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry Women's and Children's Hospital 72 King William Road North Adelaide South Australia 5006 Australia
| | - Brent P J Lin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry University of California San Francisco California
| | - James P Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences University of Michigan School of Dentistry 1210 Eisenhower Place Ann Arbor Michigan
| | - Jan C-C Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences University of Michigan School of Dentistry 1210 Eisenhower Place Ann Arbor Michigan
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Davis GR, Fearne JM, Sabel N, Norén JG. Microscopic study of dental hard tissues in primary teeth with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II: Correlation of 3D imaging using X-ray microtomography and polarising microscopy. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:1013-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ulucan K, Akyüz S, Özbay G, Pekiner FN, İlter Güney A. Evaluation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms (FokI, TaqI and ApaI) in a family with dentinogenesis imperfecta. CYTOL GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452713050101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cobourne MT, Sharpe PT. Diseases of the tooth: the genetic and molecular basis of inherited anomalies affecting the dentition. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2012; 2:183-212. [DOI: 10.1002/wdev.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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The promise of human induced pluripotent stem cells in dental research. Stem Cells Int 2012; 2012:423868. [PMID: 22654919 PMCID: PMC3357626 DOI: 10.1155/2012/423868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell-based therapy for treating genetic disorders has become an interesting field of research in recent years. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the applicability of induced pluripotent stem cells in dental research. Recent advances in the use of induced pluripotent stem cells have the potential for developing disease-specific iPSC lines in vitro from patients. Indeed, this has provided a perfect cell source for disease modeling and a better understanding of genetic aberrations, pathogenicity, and drug screening. In this paper, we will summarize the recent progress of the disease-specific iPSC development for various human diseases and try to evaluate the possibility of application of iPS technology in dentistry, including its capacity for reprogramming some genetic orodental diseases. In addition to the easy availability and suitability of dental stem cells, the approach of generating patient-specific pluripotent stem cells will undoubtedly benefit patients suffering from orodental disorders.
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Mallineni SK, Yiu CKY, King NM. Schwartz-Jampel syndrome: a review of the literature and case report. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2012; 32:105-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1754-4505.2012.00249.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hereditary dentine diseases resulting from mutations in DSPP gene. J Dent 2012; 40:542-8. [PMID: 22521702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review groups the newest results of molecular analyses of DSPP gene for patients diagnosed either with dentinogenesis imperfecta type II/III or dentine dysplasia and tries to link the phenotypes with specific mutations in the DSPP gene. DATA The review includes biochemical data introducing a specificity of DSPP protein which justifies it as a critical factor for dentine mineralization and maturation. The majority of the review analyzes mutations in the DSPP gene which result in phenotypes of dentinogenesis imperfecta types II or/and III or dentine dysplasia. SOURCES An electronic search was conducted in the databases of Pub Med and supplemented by manual study of relevant references. STUDY SELECTION 52 out of 108 references were finally selected for the review based on the novelty and/or originality of data. CONCLUSION Hereditary dentine disorders dentinogenesis imperfecta type II/III and dentine dysplasia are currently proposed to be one disease with distinct clinical manifestations reflecting various mutations in the same DSPP gene. For years both disorders were linked exclusively to mutations in the DSP code but a growing number of papers describe mutations which manifest a similar phenotype but are localized in the strongly repetitive sequence of the 3' terminus of the DSPP which codes DPP protein. Our search suggests that the localization of mutation in the sequence of the DSPP gene might result in a different phenotype due to the diverse cellular fate of the mutated protein. Thus comprehensive research on the cellular fate and processing of both normal and mutated DSPP is still required.
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Wang SK, Chan HC, Rajderkar S, Milkovich RN, Uston KA, Kim JW, Simmer JP, Hu JCC. Enamel malformations associated with a defined dentin sialophosphoprotein mutation in two families. Eur J Oral Sci 2011; 119 Suppl 1:158-67. [PMID: 22243242 PMCID: PMC3266624 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2011.00874.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) mutations cause dentin dysplasia type II (DD-II) and dentinogenesis imperfecta types II and III (DGI-II and DGI-III, respectively). We identified two kindreds with DGI-II who exhibited vertical bands of hypoplastic enamel. Both families had a previously reported DSPP mutation that segregated with the disease phenotype. Oral photographs and dental radiographs of four affected and one unaffected participant in one family and of the proband in the second family were used to document the dental phenotypes. We aligned the 33 unique allelic DSPP sequences showing variable patterns of insertions and deletions (indels), generated a merged dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) sequence that includes sequences from all DSPP length haplotypes, and mapped the known DSPP mutations in this context. Analyses of the DSPP sequence changes and their probable effects on protein expression, as well as published findings of the dental phenotype in Dspp null mice, support the hypothesis that all DSPP mutations cause pathology through dominant-negative effects. Noting that Dspp is transiently expressed by mouse pre-ameloblasts during formation of the dentino-enamel junction, we hypothesize that DSPP dominant-negative effects potentially cause cellular pathology in pre-ameloblasts that, in turn, causes enamel defects. We conclude that enamel defects can be part of the dental phenotype caused by DSPP mutations, although DSPP is not critical for dental enamel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Kai Wang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
- Oral Health Sciences program, University of Michigan School of Dentistry; 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Hui-Chen Chan
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
| | - Sudha Rajderkar
- Oral Health Sciences program, University of Michigan School of Dentistry; 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Rachel N. Milkovich
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
| | - Karen A. Uston
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - James P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
| | - Jan C-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
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Expression of dentine sialophosphoprotein in mouse nasal cartilage. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 57:607-13. [PMID: 22088564 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) was initially thought to be unique for dentine formation during tooth development, whilst recent reports have shown a much broader expression pattern such as in bone, periodontium and inner ear. Our goal was to explore its expression and potential impact during early nasal cartilage formation in comparison with tooth development. STUDY DESIGN We investigated DSPP expression in the nasal cartilage by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation. We also cloned a 719bp partial DSPP cDNA from nasal cartilage and analysed its homology to the published mouse DSPP cDNA sequence. In addition, quantitative RT-PCR was undertaken to compare the expression pattern of DSPP in nasal cartilage and tooth germs during embryonic development. RESULTS The expression of DSPP in mouse nasal chondrocytes was detected using in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemical staining. The quantitative RT-PCR data showed that expression levels of DSPP in nasal cartilage are similar to that of tooth: low at E18, and increased during development with the peak level at P3. Furthermore, DSPP levels in nasal cartilage are lower than tooth but higher than bone. CONCLUSION DSPP is expressed in nasal cartilage, and a similar temporal expression pattern in cartilage and tooth indicates the potential importance of DSPP during development.
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Nieminen P, Papagiannoulis-Lascarides L, Waltimo-Siren J, Ollila P, Karjalainen S, Arte S, Veerkamp J, Tallon Walton V, Chimenos Küstner E, Siltanen T, Holappa H, Lukinmaa PL, Alaluusua S. Frameshift mutations in dentin phosphoprotein and dependence of dentin disease phenotype on mutation location. J Bone Miner Res 2011; 26:873-80. [PMID: 20949630 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We describe results from a mutational analysis of the region of the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene encoding dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) in 12 families with dominantly inherited dentin diseases. In eight families (five mutations in the N-terminal third of DPP), the clinical and radiologic features were uniform and compatible with dentin dysplasia type II (DD-II) with major clinical signs in the deciduous dentition. In the other families (four mutations in the more C-terminal part), the permanent teeth also were affected, and the diseases could be classified as variants of dentinogenesis imperfecta. Attrition was not prominent, but periapical infections were common. Discoloring with varying intensity was evident, and pulps and root canals were obliterated in the permanent dentition. All mutations caused a frameshift that replaced the Ser-Ser-Asx repeat by a code for a hydrophobic downstream sequence of approximately original length. We conclude that frameshift mutations in DSPP explain a significant part of dentin diseases. Furthermore, we propose that the location of the mutation is reflected in the phenotypic features as a gradient from DD-II to more severe disease that does not conform to the classic definitions of DI-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Nieminen
- Institute of Dentistry, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Koshida R, Yamaguchi H, Yamasaki K, Tsuchimochi W, Yonekawa T, Nakazato M. A novel nonsense mutation in the DMP1 gene in a Japanese family with autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets. J Bone Miner Metab 2010; 28:585-90. [PMID: 20213538 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-010-0169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets (ARHR) is an extremely rare disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance, characterized by hypophosphatemia resulting from renal phosphate wasting. Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), a noncollagenous extracellular protein, plays critical roles in bone mineralization and phosphate homeostasis. Recently, loss-of-function mutations in DMP1 gene have been identified as the molecular cause of ARHR. Here, we describe a Japanese family that includes two ARHR-affected siblings carrying a novel mutation of the DMP1 gene. The patients were a 53-year-old woman and a 50-year-old man with short stature and skeletal deformities who were the offspring of a first-cousin marriage. Biochemical examination revealed hypophosphatemia with renal phosphate excretion and low levels of 1,25(OH)(2)D. Serum calcium, parathyroid hormone, and urinary calcium excretion were within the normal range, leading to clinical diagnosis of ARHR. Sequence analysis of peripheral leukocytes from the patients revealed that they carried a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in the DMP1 gene (98G>A, W33X), which leads to a truncated DMP protein with no putative biological function. Unaffected family members were heterozygous for the mutation. This is the first report of a Japanese family with ARHR carrying a novel mutation of the DMP1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Koshida
- Division of Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Miyazaki Medical College, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
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McKnight DA, Simmer JP, Hart PS, Hart TC, Fisher LW. Overlapping DSPP mutations cause dentin dysplasia and dentinogenesis imperfecta. J Dent Res 2009; 87:1108-11. [PMID: 19029076 PMCID: PMC2596760 DOI: 10.1177/154405910808701217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and dentin dysplasia (DD) are allelic disorders due to mutations in DSPP. Typically, the phenotype breeds true within a family. Recently, two reports showed that 3 different net -1 bp frameshift mutations early in DSPP's repeat domain caused DD, whereas 6 more 3' frameshift mutations were associated with DGI. Here we identify a DD kindred with a novel -1 bp frameshift (c.3141delC) that falls within the portion of the DSPP repeat domain previously associated solely with the DGI phenotype. This new frameshift mutation shows that overlapping DSPP mutations can give rise to either DGI or DD phenotypes. Furthermore, the consistent kindred presentation of the DD or DGI phenotype appears to be dependent on an as-yet-undescribed genetic modifier closely linked to DSPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A McKnight
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, NIDCR, NIH, DHHS, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 30, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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McKnight DA, Suzanne Hart P, Hart TC, Hartsfield JK, Wilson A, Wright JT, Fisher LW. A comprehensive analysis of normal variation and disease-causing mutations in the human DSPP gene. Hum Mutat 2009; 29:1392-404. [PMID: 18521831 DOI: 10.1002/humu.20783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Within nine dentin dysplasia (DD) (type II) and dentinogenesis imperfecta (type II and III) patient/families, seven have 1 of 4 net -1 deletions within the approximately 2-kb coding repeat domain of the DSPP gene while the remaining two patients have splice-site mutations. All frameshift mutations are predicted to change the highly soluble DSPP protein into proteins with long hydrophobic amino acid repeats that could interfere with processing of normal DSPP and/or other secreted matrix proteins. We propose that all previously reported missense, nonsense, and splice-site DSPP mutations (all associated with exons 2 and 3) result in dominant phenotypes due to disruption of signal peptide-processing and/or related biochemical events that also result in interference with protein processing. This would bring the currently known dominant forms of the human disease phenotype in agreement with the normal phenotype of the heterozygous null Dspp (-/+) mice. A study of 188 normal human chromosomes revealed a hypervariable DSPP repeat domain with extraordinary rates of change including 20 slip-replication indel events and 37 predominantly C-to-T transition SNPs. The most frequent transition in the primordial 9-basepair (bp) DNA repeat was a sense-strand CpG site while a CpNpG (CAG) transition was the second most frequent SNP. Bisulfite-sequencing of genomic DNA showed that the DSPP repeat can be methylated at both motifs. This suggests that, like plants and some animals, humans methylate some CpNpG sequences. Analysis of 37 haplotypes of the highly variable DSPP gene from geographically diverse people suggests it may be a useful autosomal marker in human migration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianalee A McKnight
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Lee SK, Lee KE, Jeon D, Lee G, Lee H, Shin CU, Jung YJ, Lee SH, Hahn SH, Kim JW. A Novel Mutation in the DSPP Gene Associated with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II. J Dent Res 2009; 88:51-5. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034508328168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary dentin defects are divided into dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia. We identified a family segregating severe dentinogenesis imperfecta. The kindred spanned four generations and showed an autosomal-dominant pattern of inheritance. The proband was a child presenting with a severely affected primary dentition, with wide-open pulp chambers and multiple pulp exposures, resembling a DGI type III (DGI-III) pattern. We hypothesized that a mutation in the DSPP gene is responsible for this severe phenotype. Mutational analyses revealed a novel mutation (c.53T>A, p.V18D) near the intron-exon boundary in the third exon of the DSPP gene. We analyzed the effect of the mutation by means of an in vitro splicing assay, which revealed that the mutation did not affect pre-mRNA splicing. Further studies are needed for a better understanding of the nature of the disease and the development of an appropriate treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.-K. Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - K.-E. Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - D. Jeon
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - G. Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - H. Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - C.-U. Shin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - Y.-J. Jung
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - S.-H. Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - S.-H. Hahn
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - J.-W. Kim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute & BK21 program
- Dental Genetics Laboratory
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
- Depart-ment of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
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Barron MJ, McDonnell ST, Mackie I, Dixon MJ. Hereditary dentine disorders: dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentine dysplasia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2008; 3:31. [PMID: 19021896 PMCID: PMC2600777 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-3-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The hereditary dentine disorders, dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and dentine dysplasia (DD), comprise a group of autosomal dominant genetic conditions characterised by abnormal dentine structure affecting either the primary or both the primary and secondary dentitions. DGI is reported to have an incidence of 1 in 6,000 to 1 in 8,000, whereas that of DD type 1 is 1 in 100,000. Clinically, the teeth are discoloured and show structural defects such as bulbous crowns and small pulp chambers radiographically. The underlying defect of mineralisation often results in shearing of the overlying enamel leaving exposed weakened dentine which is prone to wear. Currently, three sub-types of DGI and two sub-types of DD are recognised but this categorisation may change when other causative mutations are found. DGI type I is inherited with osteogenesis imperfecta and recent genetic studies have shown that mutations in the genes encoding collagen type 1, COL1A1 and COL1A2, underlie this condition. All other forms of DGI and DD, except DD-1, appear to result from mutations in the gene encoding dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), suggesting that these conditions are allelic. Diagnosis is based on family history, pedigree construction and detailed clinical examination, while genetic diagnosis may become useful in the future once sufficient disease-causing mutations have been discovered. Differential diagnoses include hypocalcified forms of amelogenesis imperfecta, congenital erythropoietic porphyria, conditions leading to early tooth loss (Kostmann's disease, cyclic neutropenia, Chediak-Hegashi syndrome, histiocytosis X, Papillon-Lefevre syndrome), permanent teeth discolouration due to tetracyclines, Vitamin D-dependent and vitamin D-resistant rickets. Treatment involves removal of sources of infection or pain, improvement of aesthetics and protection of the posterior teeth from wear. Beginning in infancy, treatment usually continues into adulthood with a number of options including the use of crowns, over-dentures and dental implants depending on the age of the patient and the condition of the dentition. Where diagnosis occurs early in life and treatment follows the outlined recommendations, good aesthetics and function can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Barron
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Dental School, Michael Smith Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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Lee SK, Hu JCC, Lee KE, Simmer JP, Kim JW. A dentin sialophosphoprotein mutation that partially disrupts a splice acceptor site causes type II dentin dysplasia. J Endod 2008; 34:1470-3. [PMID: 19026876 PMCID: PMC2763612 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 08/11/2008] [Accepted: 08/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene on chromosome 4q21.3 encodes the major noncollagenous protein in tooth dentin. DSPP mutations are the principal cause of dentin dysplasia type II, dentinogenesis imperfecta type II, and dentinogenesis imperfecta type III. We have identified a DSPP splice junction mutation (IVS2-6T>G) in a family with dentin dysplasia type II. The primary dentition is discolored brown with severe attrition. The mildly discolored permanent dentition has thistle-shaped pulp chambers, pulp stones, and eventual pulp obliteration. The mutation is in the sixth nucleotide from the end of intron 2, perfectly segregates with the disease phenotype, and is absent in 200 normal control chromosomes. An in vitro splicing assay shows that pre-mRNA splicing of the mutant allele generates wild-type mRNA and mRNA lacking exon 3 in approximately equal amounts. Skipping exon 3 might interfere with signal peptide cleavage, causing endoplasmic reticulum stress, and also reduce DSPP secretion, leading to haploinsufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook-Kyung Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Acevedo AC, Santos LJS, Paula LM, Dong J, MacDougall M. Phenotype characterization and DSPP mutational analysis of three Brazilian dentinogenesis imperfecta type II families. Cells Tissues Organs 2008; 189:230-6. [PMID: 18797159 DOI: 10.1159/000152917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to perform phenotype analysis and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) mutational analysis on 3 Brazilian families diagnosed with dentinogenesis imperfecta type II (DGI-II) attending the Dental Anomalies Clinic in Brasilia, Brazil. Physical and oral examinations, as well as radiographic and histopathological analyses, were performed on 28 affected and unaffected individuals. Clinical, radiographic and histopathological analyses confirmed the diagnosis of DGI-II in 19 individuals. Pulp stones were observed in ground sections of several teeth in 2 families, suggesting that obliteration of pulp chambers and root canals results from the growth of these nodular structures. Mutational DSPP gene analysis of representative affected family members revealed 7 various non-disease-causing alterations in exons 1-4 within the dentin sialoprotein domain. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to elucidate the progression of pulpal obliteration in the DGI-II patients studied as well as the molecular basis of their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Acevedo
- Dental Anomalies Clinic, Dentistry School, Oral Health Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Bailleul-Forestier I, Molla M, Verloes A, Berdal A. The genetic basis of inherited anomalies of the teeth. Eur J Med Genet 2008; 51:273-91. [PMID: 18499550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2008.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 02/03/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Suzuki H, Amizuka N, Oda K, Noda M, Ohshima H, Maeda T. Involvement of the klotho protein in dentin formation and mineralization. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2008; 291:183-90. [PMID: 18085632 DOI: 10.1002/ar.20630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Klotho-deficient mice exhibit multiple pathological conditions resembling human aging. Our previous study showed alterations in the distribution of osteocytes and in the bone matrix synthesis in klotho-deficient mice. Although the bone and tooth share morphological features such as mineralization processes and components of the extracellular matrix, little information is available on how klotho deletion influences tooth formation. The present study aimed to elucidate the altered histology of incisors of klotho-deficient mice-comparing the findings with those from their wild-type littermates, by using immunohistochemistry for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin, and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridinetriphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL) detection for apoptosis, and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) analysis on calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), and magnesium (Mg). Klotho-deficient incisors exhibited disturbed layers of odontoblasts, predentin, and dentin, resulting in an obscure dentin-predentinal border at the labial region. Several odontoblast-like cells without ALP activity were embedded in the labial dentin matrix, and immunopositivity for DMP-1 and osteopontin was discernible in the matrix surrounding these embedded odontoblast-like cells. TUNEL detection demonstrated an apoptotic reaction in the embedded odontoblast-like cells and pulpal cells in the klotho-deficient mice. EPMA revealed lower concentrations of Ca, P, and Mg in the klotho-deficient dentin, except for the dentin around abnormal odontoblast-like cells. These findings suggest the involvement of the klotho gene in dentinogenesis and its mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Suzuki
- Divisions of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
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Schulte J, van Waes H. Dentinogenesis imperfecta. MED GENET-BERLIN 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11825-007-0048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Unter Dentinogenesis imperfecta versteht man eine kongenitale Dysplasie des Dentins, die isoliert oder im Zusammenhang mit einer hereditären Allgemeinerkrankung wie der Osteogenesis imperfecta auftreten kann. Sie wird meist autosomal dominant vererbt und manifestiert sich klinisch in einer opaleszierenden Goldbraun- oder Graublauverfärbung der Zähne beider Dentitionen in variabler Ausprägung. Die verschiedenen Varianten der Dentinogenesis imperfecta werden nach Shields et al. (1973) in 3 Gruppen eingeteilt: Typ I, assoziiert mit Osteogenesis imperfecta; Typ II, hereditär opaleszierendes Dentin; Typ III, Brandywine-Typ. Die Phänotypen der Dentinogenesis imperfecta werden in dem vorliegenden Beitrag hinsichtlich Gendefekt, klinischer Symptomatik, Radiologie und Histopathologie beschrieben, die zahnärztliche Behandlungsstrategie wird dargestellt.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.M. Schulte
- Aff1_48 Klinik für Kieferorthopädie und Kinderzahnmedizin Plattenstrasse 11 8032 Zürich Schweiz
| | - H. van Waes
- Aff1_48 Klinik für Kieferorthopädie und Kinderzahnmedizin Plattenstrasse 11 8032 Zürich Schweiz
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Abstract
Dentin, the most abundant tissue in teeth, is produced by odontoblasts, which differentiate from mesenchymal cells of the dental papilla. Dentinogenesis is a highly controlled process that results in the conversion of unmineralized predentin to mineralized dentin. By weight, 70% of the dentin matrix is mineralized, while the organic phase accounts for 20% and water constitutes the remaining 10%. Type I collagen is the primary component (>85%) of the organic portion of dentin. The non-collagenous part of the organic matrix is composed of various proteins, with dentin phosphoprotein predominating, accounting for about 50% of the non-collagenous part. Dentin defects are broadly classified into two major types: dentinogenesis imperfectas (DIs, types I-III) and dentin dysplasias (DDs, types I and II). To date, mutations in DSPP have been found to underlie the dentin disorders DI types II and III and DD type II. With the elucidation of the underlying genetic mechanisms has come the realization that the clinical characteristics associated with DSPP mutations appear to represent a continuum of phenotypes. Thus, these disorders should likely be called DSPP-associated dentin defects, with DD type II representing the mild end of the phenotypic spectrum and DI type III representing the severe end.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Suzanne Hart
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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