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Sun Y, Gao H, Guo P, Sun N, Peng C, Cheng Z, Gu J, Liu J, Han F. Identification of NR3C2 as a functional diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer. CANCER INNOVATION 2024; 3:e122. [PMID: 38948253 PMCID: PMC11212315 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including the lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) subtypes, is a malignant tumor type with a poor 5-year survival rate. The identification of new powerful diagnostic biomarkers, prognostic biomarkers, and potential therapeutic targets in NSCLC is urgently required. Methods The UCSC Xena, UALCAN, and GEO databases were used to screen and analyze differentially expressed genes, regulatory modes, and genetic/epigenetic alterations in NSCLC. The UCSC Xena database, GEO database, tissue microarray, and immunohistochemistry staining analyses were used to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values. Gain-of-function assays were performed to examine the roles. The ESTIMATE, TIMER, Linked Omics, STRING, and DAVID algorithms were used to analyze potential molecular mechanisms. Results NR3C2 was identified as a potentially important molecule in NSCLC. NR3C2 is expressed at low levels in NSCLC, LUAD, and LUSC tissues, which is significantly related to the clinical indexes of these patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggests that the altered NR3C2 expression patterns have diagnostic value in NSCLC, LUAD, and especially LUSC patients. Decreased NR3C2 expression levels can help predict poor prognosis in NSCLC and LUAD patients but not in LUSC patients. These results have been confirmed both with database analysis and real-world clinical samples on a tissue microarray. Copy number variation contributes to low NR3C2 expression levels in NSCLC and LUAD, while promoter DNA methylation is involved in its downregulation in LUSC. Two NR3C2 promoter methylation sites have high sensitivity and specificity for LUSC diagnosis with clinical application potential. NR3C2 may be a key participant in NSCLC development and progression and is closely associated with the tumor microenvironment and immune cell infiltration. NR3C2 co-expressed genes are involved in many cancer-related signaling pathways, further supporting a potentially significant role of NR3C2 in NSCLC. Conclusions NR3C2 is a novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan‐yuan Sun
- Department of Clinical PharmacyJilin University School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChangchunChina
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive MedicineArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Hai‐cheng Gao
- Department of Clinical PharmacyJilin University School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThird Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Na Sun
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Chan Peng
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive MedicineArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhi‐hua Cheng
- Vascular Surgery Department, General Surgery CenterFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Jing Gu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive MedicineArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jin‐yi Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive MedicineArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public HealthChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Laboratory of Reproductive BiologyChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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2
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Wu L, Hu Z, Song XF, Liao YJ, Xiahou JH, Li Y, Zhang ZH. Targeting Nrf2 signaling pathways in the role of bladder cancer: From signal network to targeted therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116829. [PMID: 38820972 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy of the urinary system and often recurs after tumor removal and/or is resistant to chemotherapy. In cancer cells, the activity of the signaling pathway changes significantly, affecting a wide range of cell activities from growth and proliferation to apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in cellular defense responses to a variety of cellular stresses. There is increasing evidence that Nrf2 acts as a tumor driver and that it is involved in the maintenance of malignant cell phenotypes. Abnormal expression of Nrf2 has been found to be common in a variety of tumors, including bladder cancer. Over-activation of Nrf2 can lead to DNA damage and the development of bladder cancer, and is also associated with various pathological phenomena of bladder cancer, such as metastasis, angiogenesis, and reduced toxicity and efficacy of therapeutic anticancer drugs to provide cell protection for cancer cells. However, the above process can be effectively inhibited or reversed by inhibiting Nrf2. Therefore, Nrf2 signaling may be a potential targeting pathway for bladder cancer. In this review, we will characterize this signaling pathway and summarize the effects of Nrf2 and crosstalk with other signaling pathways on bladder cancer progression. The focus will be on the impact of Nrf2 activation on bladder cancer progression and current therapeutic strategies aimed at blocking the effects of Nrf2. To better determine how to promote new chemotherapy agents, develop new therapeutic agents, and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xinyu People's Hospital, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China; Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Xinyu Hospital of Nanchang University, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China.
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xinyu People's Hospital, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China; Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Xinyu Hospital of Nanchang University, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Fen Song
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xinyu People's Hospital, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China; Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Xinyu Hospital of Nanchang University, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China
| | - Yu-Jian Liao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xinyu People's Hospital, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China; Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Xinyu Hospital of Nanchang University, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China
| | - Jiang-Huan Xiahou
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xinyu People's Hospital, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China; Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Xinyu Hospital of Nanchang University, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xinyu People's Hospital, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China; Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Xinyu Hospital of Nanchang University, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China
| | - Zhong-Hua Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xinyu People's Hospital, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China; Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Xinyu Hospital of Nanchang University, 369 Xinxin North Road, Xinyu, Jiangxi Province 338000, PR China.
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3
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Rai A, Patwardhan RS, Jayakumar S, Pachpatil P, Das D, Panigrahi GC, Gota V, Patwardhan S, Sandur SK. Clobetasol propionate, a Nrf-2 inhibitor, sensitizes human lung cancer cells to radiation-induced killing via mitochondrial ROS-dependent ferroptosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1506-1519. [PMID: 38480835 PMCID: PMC11192725 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01233-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Combining radiotherapy with Nrf-2 inhibitor holds promise as a potential therapeutic strategy for radioresistant lung cancer. Here, the radiosensitizing efficacy of a synthetic glucocorticoid clobetasol propionate (CP) in A549 human lung cancer cells was evaluated. CP exhibited potent radiosensitization in lung cancer cells via inhibition of Nrf-2 pathway, leading to elevation of oxidative stress. Transcriptomic studies revealed significant modulation of pathways related to ferroptosis, fatty acid and glutathione metabolism. Consistent with these findings, CP treatment followed by radiation exposure showed characteristic features of ferroptosis in terms of mitochondrial swelling, rupture and loss of cristae. Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death triggered by iron-dependent ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation. In combination with radiation, CP showed enhanced iron release, mitochondrial ROS, and lipid peroxidation, indicating ferroptosis induction. Further, iron chelation, inhibition of lipid peroxidation or scavenging mitochondrial ROS prevented CP-mediated radiosensitization. Nrf-2 negatively regulates ferroptosis through upregulation of antioxidant defense and iron homeostasis. Interestingly, Nrf-2 overexpressing A549 cells were refractory to CP-mediated ferroptosis induction and radiosensitization. Thus, this study identified anti-psoriatic drug clobetasol propionate can be repurposed as a promising radiosensitizer for Keap-1 mutant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archita Rai
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Raghavendra S Patwardhan
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sundarraj Jayakumar
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Pradnya Pachpatil
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Bio Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Dhruv Das
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Applied Genomics Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Girish Ch Panigrahi
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Vikram Gota
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Sejal Patwardhan
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
- Advanced Centre for Treatment Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Santosh K Sandur
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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4
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Zheng Y, Zhu T, Chen B, Fang Y, Wu Y, Feng X, Pang M, Wang H, Zhu J, Lin Z. Diallyl disulfide attenuates pyroptosis via NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway to exert a protective effect on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:111030. [PMID: 37844463 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a perinatal brain disease caused by hypoxia in neonates. It is one of the leading causes of neonatal death in the perinatal period, as well as disability beyond the neonatal period. Due to the lack of a unified and comprehensive treatment strategy for HIE, research into its pathogenesis is essential. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is an allicin extract, with detoxifying, antibacterial, and cardiovascular disease protective effects. This study aimed to determine whether DADS can alleviate HIE induced brain damage in rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced pyroptosis in PC12 cells, as well as whether it can inhibit pyroptosis via the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway. In vivo, DADS significantly reduced the cerebral infarction volume, alleviated inflammatory reaction, reduced astrocyte activation, promoted tissue structure recovery, improved pyroptosis caused by HIE and improved the prognosis following HI injury. In vitro findings indicated that DADS increased cell activity, decreased LDH activity and reduced the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins, including IL-1β, IL-18, and certain inflammatory factors in PC12 cells caused by OGD. Mechanistically, DADS inhibited pyroptosis and protected against HIE via the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β pathway. The specific inhibitor of caspase-1, VX-765, inhibited caspase-1 activation, and IL-1β expression was determined. Additionally, the overexpression of NLRP3 reversed the protective effect of allicin against OGD-induced pyroptosis. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that DADS inhibits the NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway and decreases HI brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Zheng
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Second Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Second Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Binwen Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiqing Wu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengdan Pang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongzeng Wang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianghu Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Second Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Second Clinical Medical, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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5
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Hudlikar RR, Chou PJ, Kuo HCD, Sargsyan D, Wu R, Kong AN. Long term exposure of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) mediates transcriptomic changes in normal human lung epithelial Beas-2b cells and protection by garlic compounds. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113656. [PMID: 36758788 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) exposure is one of the preventable risk factors in the CS-induced lung cancer. However, understanding the mechanism of cellular transformation induced by CS in the lung remains limited. We investigated the effect of long term exposure of CSC in human normal lung epithelial Beas-2b cells, and chemopreventive mechanism of organosulphur garlic compounds, diallyl sulphide (DAS) and diallyl disulphide (DADS) using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) transcriptomic analysis. CSC regulated 1077 genes and of these 36 genes are modulated by DAS while 101 genes by DADS. DAS modulated genes like IL1RL1 (interleukin-1 receptor like-1), HSPA-6 (heat shock protein family A, member 6) while DADS demonstrating ADTRP (Androgen-Dependent TFPI Regulating Protein), ANGPT4 (Angiopoietin 4), GFI1 (Growth Factor-Independent 1 Transcriptional Repressor), TBX2 (T-Box Transcription Factor 2), with some common genes like NEURL-1 (Neuralized E3-Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 1), suggesting differential effects between these two garlic compounds. They regulate genes by influencing pathways including HIF-1alpha, STAT-3 and matrix metalloproteases, contributing to the chemoprotective ability of organosulfur garlic compounds against CSC-induced cellular transformation. Taken together, we demonstrated CSC induced global gene expression changes pertaining to cellular transformation which potentially can be delayed with dietary chemopreventive phytochemicals like DS and DADS influencing alterations at the transcriptomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika R Hudlikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Pochung Jordan Chou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hsiao-Chen Dina Kuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Davit Sargsyan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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Mitra S, Das R, Emran TB, Labib RK, Noor-E-Tabassum, Islam F, Sharma R, Ahmad I, Nainu F, Chidambaram K, Alhumaydhi FA, Chandran D, Capasso R, Wilairatana P. Diallyl Disulfide: A Bioactive Garlic Compound with Anticancer Potential. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:943967. [PMID: 36071845 PMCID: PMC9441672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.943967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a life-threatening disease caused by the uncontrolled division of cells, which culminates in a solid mass of cells known as a tumor or liquid cancer. It is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and the number of cancer patients has been increasing at an alarming rate, with an estimated 20 million cases expected by 2030. Thus, the use of complementary or alternative therapeutic techniques that can help prevent cancer has been the subject of increased attention. Garlic, the most widely used plant medicinal product, exhibits a wide spectrum of biological activities, including antibacterial, hypo-lipidemic, antithrombotic, and anticancer effects. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a major organosulfur compound contained within garlic. Recently, several experimental studies have demonstrated that DADS exhibits anti-tumor activity against many types of tumor cells, including gynecological cancers (cervical cancer, ovarian cancer), hematological cancers (leukemia, lymphoma), lung cancer, neural cancer, skin cancer, prostate cancer, gastrointestinal tract and associated cancers (esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer), hepatocellular cancer cell line, etc. The mechanisms behind the anticancer action of DADS include epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and migration. This article aims to review the available information regarding the anti-cancer potential of DADS, as well as summarize its mechanisms of action, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics from published clinical and toxicity studies.
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Wang H, Wu J, Fan H, Ji Y, Han C, Li C, Jiang S. The Impact of Catalpol on Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration, and Oxidative Stress of Lung Cancer Cells Based on Nrf2/ARE Signaling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5621341. [PMID: 35898682 PMCID: PMC9313965 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5621341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of catalpol on lung cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and oxidative stress via the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway are investigated in this work. Catalpol-12 g/mL group, catalpol-24 g/mL group, catalpol-48 g/mL group, catalpol - 48 g/mL + vector group, catalpol - 48 g/mL + Nrf2 group, si-NC group, and si-Nrf2 group were used to split lung cancer cells A549 into control groups. Proliferation was detected using the CCK-8 assay; apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry; migration was detected using the transwell chamber; ROS was distinguished using the DCFHDA method; MDA, SOD, and GSH were detected using the microvolume method; and Cleaved Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-9, Nrf2, HO-1, MMP-9, and MMP-2 were detected using the Western blot method. Catalpol 12 g/mL and 24 g/mL-48 g/mL treatment decreased the proliferation activity, migration number, and Nrf2, HO-1, MMP-9, and MMP-2 protein levels of lung cancer cells when compared to the control group. SOD and GSH levels of lung cancer cells were decreased, and MDA and ROS levels were increased. Cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 protein expression levels, and apoptosis were boosted (P < 0.05). The proliferation activity, migration number, and protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, MMP-9, and MMP-2 in the catalpol - 48 g/mL + Nrf2 group were raised compared to the catalpol - 48 g/mL + vector group, whereas there was an apparent drop in the Cleaved Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-9, and apoptosis rate. Similarly, SOD and GSH contents increased, whereas MDA and ROS decreased (P < 0.05). The proliferation activity, migration number, and Nrf2, HO-1, MMP-9, and MMP-2 protein levels of lung cancer cells in the si-Nrf2 group were all decreased when compared to the si-NC and control groups. Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 protein expression, on the other hand, increased as MDA and ROS levels were raised while SOD and GSH levels dropped (P < 0.05). It reveals that catalpol inhibits the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, which causes antiproliferation, migration, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in cancer cells of lungs. The rate of apoptosis was also lowered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyuan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingtao Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006 Jiangxi, China
| | - Haiyin Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunbin Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029 Jiangxi, China
| | - Sicong Jiang
- Division of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, unige.it, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Chen ZH, Chen ZY, Kang J, Chu XP, Fu R, Zhang JT, Qi YF, Chen JH, Lin JT, Jiang BY, Yang XN, Wu YL, Zhong WZ, Nie Q. Investigation on the incidence and risk factors of lung cancer among Chinese hospital employees. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:2210-2222. [PMID: 35818719 PMCID: PMC9346177 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In recent years, the lung cancer incidence has grown and the population is younger. We intend to find out the true detection rate of pulmonary nodules and the incidence of lung cancer in the population and search for the risk factors. Method Hospital employees ≥40 years old who underwent low‐dose computed tomography (CT) lung cancer screening from January 2019 to March 2022 were selected to record CT‐imaging characteristics, pathology, staging, and questionnaires to investigate past history, smoking history, diet, mental health, etc. PM2.5 and radiation intake in radiation‐related occupation received monitoring in hospital. Result The detection rate of suspicious pulmonary nodules was 9.1% (233/2552), and the incidence rate of lung cancer (including adenocarcinoma in situ) was 4.0% (103/2552). Morbidity among doctors, nurses, technicians, administers, and logistics was no difference (p = 0.184), but higher in women than in men (4.7% vs 2.4% p = 0.002). The invasiveness increased with age and CT density of nodules (p = 0.018). The relationship between lung cancer morbidity and PM2.5 was not clear (p = 0.543); and no lung cancer has been found in employees related ionizing radiation. Conclusion The high screening rate has brought about a high incidence of lung cancer. At present, the risk factor analysis of lung cancer based on small samples cannot find the direct cause. Most of the ground glass opacity (GGO)s detected by LDCT screening are indolent, but there are also rapidly progressive lung cancer. A predictive model to identify active and indolent GGO is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hao Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Chen
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Kang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Peng Chu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Fu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Tao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fan Qi
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Hua Chen
- 12th People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Tao Lin
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ben-Yuan Jiang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Ning Yang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Zhao Zhong
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Nie
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Dietary Phytochemicals Targeting Nrf2 to Enhance the Radiosensitivity of Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7848811. [PMID: 35368867 PMCID: PMC8967572 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7848811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer has become the second leading cause of death worldwide. Radiotherapy (RT) is the mainstay in management of carcinoma; however, overcoming radioresistance remains a great challenge to successfully treat cancer. Nrf2 is a key transcription factor that is responsible for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway could upregulate multifarious antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, further scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite its cytoprotective roles in normal cells, it could also alleviate oxidative stress and DNA damage caused by RT in cancer cells, thus promoting cancer cell survival. Accumulating evidence indicates that overactivation of Nrf2 is associated with radioresistance; therefore, targeting Nrf2 is a promising strategy to enhance radiosensitivity. Dietary phytochemicals coming from natural products are characterized by low cost, low toxicity, and general availability. Numerous phytochemicals are reported to regulate Nrf2 and intensify the killing capability of RT through diverse mechanisms, including promoting oxidative stress, proapoptosis, and proautophagy as well as inhibiting Nrf2-mediated cytoprotective genes expression. This review summarizes recent advances in radiosensitizing effects of dietary phytochemicals by targeting Nrf2 and discusses the underlying mechanisms, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of Nrf2 mediated by phytochemicals in cancer.
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Yu B, Pang J, You J. Effects and mechanism of miR-133a on invasion and migration of lung cancer cells. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:728-739. [PMID: 35273681 PMCID: PMC8902573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the role of miR-133a expression in the invasion, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of lung cancer cells and its mechanism. METHODS miR-133a expression levels in human normal lung epithelial cells (BEAS-2B), H441 cell lines and NSCLC tissues were detected by qPCR. The influence of miR-133a mimics on the migration, proliferation and invasion of H441 cells was examined by CCK-8 assay, transwell migration assay, and invasion assay, respectively. Expression of MMP-9 and LASP1 in H441 cellstreated by miR-133a mimics was determined by western blot. Pearson's test was conducted to study the association of miR-133a expression with clinical characteristics of NSCLC patients. The targeted regulation of miR-133a on LASP1 gene expression was detected by the luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS miR-133a expression was decreased in H441 cells in contrast to that in BEAS-2B cells (P<0.05). Compared with para-carcinoma tissues, miR-133a levels were markedly down-regulated in NSCLC tissues. miR-133a overexpression inhibited the invasion, proliferation, and migration ability of H441 cells and promoted cell apoptosis (all P<0.05). MMP-9 expression levels were also reduced in the miR-133a mimic group. Moreover, miR-133a expression levels were correlated with tumor size and TNM stage. miR-133a overexpression decreased the expression of LASP1, which is the targeted gene of miR-133a. CONCLUSIONS miR-133a overexpression can reduce the invasion, proliferation, migration, and matrix metalloproteinase expression of NSCLC cells and promote cell apoptosis. This may be correlated to targeted down-regulation of LASP1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Fenghua District People's Hospital Ningbo 315500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinghua Pang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Fenghua District People's Hospital Ningbo 315500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiawen You
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Fenghua District People's Hospital Ningbo 315500, Zhejiang Province, China
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