Management of external jugular vein aneurysm: a systematic review

External Jugular Venous Aneurysm: A Case Report

Venous aneurysms of the external jugular vein (EJV) are exceedingly rare. During the 21-year period from 2000 to 2020, only 30 cases were reported. There have been no reports of serious complications associated with EJV aneurysms. Treatment is mainly for cosmetic reasons, but sometimes for pain or other symptoms. Currently, surgical excision is the most commonly applied therapeutic strategy. In this report, we present the case of a 40-year-old previously healthy woman who presented with a painful mass in her left supraclavicular area after a mild left neck contusion injury one month earlier. A venous aneurysm of the left EJV was diagnosed on the basis of vascular ultrasound and computed tomography angiography and venography findings. The patient underwent surgical removal of the EJV aneurysm for the symptom of pain. The EJV was repaired and preserved based on the intraoperative findings. The treatment resulted in cosmetic improvement and pain relief, with no signs of recurrence.

Thrombosed external jugular vein aneurysm mimics to a branchial cyst: A novel case from Iraq and review of the literature

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE

Venous aneurysms are rare diseases, and according to their locations, history will change. They will be diagnosed based on the clinical history and imaging modalities. The exact incidence of external jugular vein aneurysm remains controversial. In the neck, venous aneurysm has been reported most commonly in the internal jugular vein. Frequently the venous aneurysm has a fusiform shape, and the saccular type is extremely rare.

CASE PRESENTATION

Here we present a case of the external jugular vein aneurysm which was misdiagnosed as a branchial cyst presented with gradual swelling in the left supraclavicular region. The patient was diagnosed intraoperatively, and by histopathological examination. The patient successfully underwent surgery of Proximal and distal control of the external jugular vein without resection of the clavicle were performed, and trans-fixation of the external jugular vein was done without any complications.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION

Idiopathic, spontaneous venous aneurysm of the external jugular vein thrombosis is extremely rare clinical findings. Computerized tomography was the gold standard test for the diagnosis of venous thrombosis, but nowadays neck ultrasound is the diagnostic test of choice. However, the mass was like a branchial cyst by ultrasound.

CONCLUSION

External jugular vein aneurysm is rare, when it was a saccular type and thrombosed without any causes it will be extremely rare. When idiopathic thrombosis of external jugular vein aneurysm was confirmed by imaging modalities, then it was symptomatic, enlarged, ruptured or disfigured, the surgical excision will be mandatory without anticoagulant drugs preoperatively or postoperatively.