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He G, Chen G, Liu W, Ye D, Liu X, Liang X, Song J. Salvianolic Acid B: A Review of Pharmacological Effects, Safety, Combination Therapy, New Dosage Forms, and Novel Drug Delivery Routes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2235. [PMID: 37765204 PMCID: PMC10538146 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B is extracted from the roots and rhizomes of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., family Labiatae). It is a water-soluble, weakly acidic drug that has demonstrated antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects on various organs and tissues such as the lung, heart, kidney, intestine, bone, liver, and skin and protective effects in diseases such as depression and spinal cord injury. The mechanisms underlying the protective effects of salvianolic acid B are mainly related to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti- or pro-apoptotic, anti- or pro-autophagy, anti-fibrotic, and metabolism-regulating functions. Salvianolic acid B can regulate various signaling pathways, cells, and molecules to achieve maximum therapeutic effects. This review summarizes the safety profile, combination therapy potential, and new dosage forms and delivery routes of salvianolic acid B. Although significant research progress has been made, more in-depth pharmacological studies are warranted to identify the mechanism of action, related signaling pathways, more suitable combination drugs, more effective dosage forms, and novel routes of administration of salvianolic acid B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan He
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Guangfeng Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China;
| | - Weidong Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dongxue Ye
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Xuehuan Liu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China;
| | - Xiaodong Liang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Jing Song
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (G.H.); (W.L.); (D.Y.)
- Shandong Yuze Pharmaceutical Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Dezhou 251200, China
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Mandour AS, Farag A, Helal MAY, El-Masry G, Al-Rejaie S, Takahashi K, Yoshida T, Hamabe L, Tanaka R. Non-Invasive Assessment of the Intraventricular Pressure Using Novel Color M-Mode Echocardiography in Animal Studies: Current Status and Future Perspectives in Veterinary Medicine. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2452. [PMID: 37570261 PMCID: PMC10417806 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The assessment of diastolic function has received great interest in order to comprehend its crucial role in the pathophysiology of heart failure and for the early identification of cardiac events. Silent changes in the intraventricular flow (IVF) dynamics occur before the deterioration of the cardiac wall, although they cannot be detected using conventional echocardiography. Collective information on left ventricular (LV) pressures throughout the cardiac cycle has great value when dealing with patients with altered hemodynamics. Accurate pressure measurement inside the ventricle can be obtained by invasive methods to determine the LV diastolic pressures, which reflect the myocardial relaxation and compliance. However, catheterization is only feasible in the laboratory setting and is not suitable for clinical use due to its disadvantages. In contrast, echocardiography is simple, safe, and accessible. Color M-mode echocardiography (CMME) is an advanced cardiac evaluation technique that can measure the intraventricular pressure differences (IVPDs) and intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPGs) based on the Doppler shift of the IVF. Recently, the assessment of IVPD and IVPG has gained growing interest in the cardiovascular literature in both animal and human studies as a non-invasive method for the early diagnosis of cardiac dysfunctions, especially diastolic ones. The usability of IVPD and IVPG has been reported in various surgically induced heart failure or pharmacologically altered cardiac functions in rats, dogs, cats, and goats. This report aims to give an overview of the current studies of CMME-derived IVPD and IVPG in animal studies and its feasibility for clinical application in veterinary practice and to provide the prospects of the technique's ability to improve our understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. Mandour
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
| | - Ahmed Farag
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. Y. Helal
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
- Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Benha 13736, Egypt
| | - Gamal El-Masry
- Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Salim Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yoshida
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Division of Veterinary Research, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Lina Hamabe
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
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Farag A, Mandour AS, Kaneda M, Elfadadny A, Elhaieg A, Shimada K, Tanaka R. Effect of trehalose on heart functions in rats model after myocardial infarction: assessment of novel intraventricular pressure and heart rate variability. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1182628. [PMID: 37469485 PMCID: PMC10353053 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1182628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial infarctions remain a leading cause of global deaths. Developing novel drugs to target cardiac remodeling after myocardial injury is challenging. There is an increasing interest in exploring natural cardioprotective agents and non-invasive tools like intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPG) and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis in myocardial infarctions. Trehalose (TRE), a natural disaccharide, shows promise in treating atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and neurodegenerative disorders. Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of TRE in improving cardiac functions measured by IVPG and HRV and reducing myocardial remodeling following myocardial infarction in rat model. Methods Rats were divided into three groups: sham, myocardial infarction (MI), and trehalose-treated MI (TRE) groups. The animals in the MI and TRE groups underwent permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery. The TRE group received 2% trehalose in their drinking water for four weeks after the surgery. At the end of the experiment, heart function was assessed using conventional echocardiography, novel color M-mode echocardiography for IVPG evaluation, and HRV analysis. After euthanasia, gross image scoring, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to evaluate inflammatory reactions, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Results The MI group exhibited significantly lower values in multiple IVPG parameters. In contrast, TRE administration showed an ameliorative effect on IVPG changes, with results comparable to the sham group. Additionally, TRE improved HRV parameters, mitigated morphological changes induced by myocardial infarction, reduced histological alterations in wall mass, and suppressed inflammatory reactions within the infarcted heart tissues. Furthermore, TRE demonstrated antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-fibrotic properties. Conclusion The investigation into the effect of trehalose on a myocardial infarction rat model has yielded promising outcomes, as evidenced by improvements observed through conventional echocardiography, histological analysis, and immunohistochemical analysis. While minor trends were noticed in IVPG and HRV measurements. However, our findings offer valuable insights and demonstrate a correlation between IVPG, HRV, and other traditional markers of echo assessment in the myocardial infarction vs. sham groups. This alignment suggests the potential of IVPG and HRV as additional indicators for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Farag
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Mandour
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Masahiro Kaneda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Division of Animal Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ahmed Elfadadny
- Department of Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Elhaieg
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Kazumi Shimada
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Japan
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Mandour AS, Samir H, Yoshida T, Matsuura K, Hamabe L, Shimada K, Abdelmageed HA, Elbadawy M, Uemura A, Takahashi K, Watanabe G, Tanaka R. Novel color M-mode echocardiography for non-invasive assessment of the intraventricular pressure in goats: Feasibility, repeatability, and the effect of sedation. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:935437. [PMID: 36277071 PMCID: PMC9582648 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.935437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The intraventricular pressure difference (IVPD) and intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPG), estimated from color M-mode echocardiography (CMME) of the transmitral flow, have been introduced as novel indices for the evaluation of heart functions. Until now, no study demonstrated the feasibility of the CMME approach to measure IVPD and IVPG in any farm animals. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and repeatability of CMME-derived IVPD and IVPG variables in goats and explore the effect of sedation on the measured variables. Materials and methods Sixteen male Shiba goats were included in this study and underwent conventional echocardiography. Eight goats were used in the repeatability of IVPD/IVPG variables. Another eight goats were used to evaluate the effect of sedation by xylazine on IVPD/IVPG measurements. CMME between the base and the apex of the left ventricle was carried out. The IVPD and IVPG were analyzed using in-house code software. The IVPD and IVPG were expressed as total, basal, mid-to-apical, mid, and apical segments. Data analysis including the imaging quality score (IQS), repeatability, variability, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), as well as the effect size of sedation on the measured variables was calculated. Results IVPD and IVPG variables from CMME were feasible in all goats. Low to moderate variability of IVPD and IVPG variables was observed (CV 95% <25%) except for the apical IVPD and apical IVPG. The IVPD/IVPG measurements were repeatable without a significant effect of animal or time on the obtained measurements. The overall ICC was higher than 0.75 in all variables except for the apical segment. Xylazine administration reduced the total, basal, and mid parts of IVPD and IVPG with a large effect size (biserial ranked correlation; rc > 0.8). Conclusion We reported, for the first time, IVPD and IVPG measurements by CMME in goats. The assessment of IVPD and IVPG by CMME is feasible in goats which can be evaluated in further cardiovascular or pharmacological studies in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. Mandour
- Department of Veterinary Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt,Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Ahmed S. Mandour
| | - Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tomohiko Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Matsuura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lina Hamabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Shimada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hend A. Abdelmageed
- Ismailia Laboratory, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, First District, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elbadawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt,Laboratory of Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Uemura
- Division of Veterinary Research, Department of Veterinary Surgery, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan,Ryou Tanaka
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Hirose M, Mandour AS, Goya S, Hamabe L, Matsuura K, Yoshida T, Watanabe M, Shimada K, Uemura A, Takahashi K, Tanaka R. Color M-Mode Echocardiography for Non-Invasive Assessment of the Intraventricular Pressure in Dogs Before and After Ductus Arteriosus Occlusion: A Retrospective Study. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:908829. [PMID: 35903130 PMCID: PMC9315367 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.908829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel non-invasive evaluation of the intraventricular pressure differences and gradients (IVPD and IVPG) by color M-mode echocardiography (CMME) is a promising method in diastolic function evaluation. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect which is associated with increased preload. The present work provides a clinical trial for the assessment of IVPD and IVPG changes in dogs before and after surgical occlusion of PDA. Materials and Methods A total of 12 client-owned dogs were enrolled in this study. PDA was confirmed using echocardiography, and all dogs underwent PDA occlusion. Conventional echocardiography and CMME were conducted on each patient on the operation day (Pre-PDA) and 48 h after its occlusion (Post-PDA). The total IVPD and total IVPG, as well as segmental intraventricular pressure (basal, mid-to-apical, mid, and apical) were measured from Euler's equation using specific software (MATLAB). Data were analyzed for variability and for the difference between pre- and post-PDA. The effect of PDA occlusion on the measured variables was calculated using biserial ranked correlation (rc). Results There was a significant reduction in end-diastolic volume, fraction shortening, stroke volume, and mitral inflow velocities (early and late) after PDA closure. CMME was feasible in all dogs, and the CMME indices showed moderate variability, except for the apical segment of IVPD and IVPG. After PDA closure, in comparison with the pre-PDA occlusion, there was a significant reduction in total IVPD (2.285 ± 0.374 vs. 1.748 ± 0.436 mmHg; P = 0.014), basal IVPD (1.177 ± 0.538 vs. 0.696 ± 0.144 mmHg; P = 0.012), total IVPG (1.141 ± 0.246 vs. 0.933 ± 0.208 mmHg; P = 0.032), and basal IVPG (0.578 ± 0.199 vs. 0.377 ± 0.113 mmHg; P = 0.001); meanwhile, mid, mid-to-apical, and apical segments of both IVPD and IVPG showed non-significant difference. The magnitude of PDA occlusion on the measured variables was clinically relevant and associated with a large effect size on total and basal IVPD and IVPG (rc > 0.6). Conclusion The current clinical study revealed matched response of IVPD and IVPG to the reduced preload rather than left ventricular relaxation. This result is an initial step in the clinical utility of CMME-derived IVPD and IVPG measurements in the diastolic function evaluation in dogs with PDA that warrants further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Hirose
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ahmed S. Mandour
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Seijirow Goya
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Lina Hamabe
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Matsuura
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yoshida
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Momoko Watanabe
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Shimada
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Uemura
- Division of Veterinary Research, Department of Veterinary Surgery, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Ma D, Mandour AS, Elfadadny A, Hendawy H, Yoshida T, El-Husseiny HM, Nishifuji K, Takahashi K, Zhou Z, Zhao Y, Tanaka R. Changes in Cardiac Function During the Development of Uremic Cardiomyopathy and the Effect of Salvianolic Acid B Administration in a Rat Model. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:905759. [PMID: 35782566 PMCID: PMC9244798 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.905759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Uremic cardiomyopathy (UC), the main cause of death in progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD), is characterized by diastolic dysfunction. Intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPG) derived from color m-mode echocardiography (CMME) and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) were established as novel echocardiographic approaches for non-invasive and repeatable assessment of cardiac function. Previously, salvianolic acid B (Sal B) showed the potential to alleviate concentric LV hypertrophy in the pressure overload model. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in cardiac function in UC and assess the efficacy of Sal B therapy using IVPG and 2DSTE techniques. Materials and Methods Twenty-four rats underwent subtotal nephrectomy to produce progressive renal failure and were allocated equally into UC (n = 12) and Sal B-UC (n = 12) groups and monitored for 8 weeks. A sham-operated group was also included in this study (n = 12). Sal B was injected from weeks 4 to 8 in the Sal B-UC group. Conventional echocardiography, 2DSTE, and CMME were performed every 2 weeks post-operation, concomitantly with an evaluation of renal function. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry analyses were carried out to confirm the echocardiography findings. Results Renal failure and myocardial dysfunction were confirmed in the UC group from weeks 2 through 8. Eccentric and concentric hypertrophy was observed in the UC group, while the Sal B-UC group showed only eccentric hypertrophy. IVPG analysis did not reveal any significant differences between the groups. Edema, inflammation, fibrosis, and immunohistochemical expression of CD3 infiltration were higher in the UC group compared with sham and Sal B-UC groups. Conclusion 2DSTE and IVPG explored the pathophysiology during the development of UC and indicated the incidence of myocardial dysfunction before ventricular morphological changes without intracardiac flow changes. This study confirmed increased ventricular stiffness and fibrosis in UC rats which was potentially treated by Sal B via decreasing edema, inflammation, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfu Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Departments of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ahmed S. Mandour
- Departments of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elfadadny
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Graduate School, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Hanan Hendawy
- Departments of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Tomohiko Yoshida
- Departments of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hussein M. El-Husseiny
- Departments of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Koji Nishifuji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Division of Animal Life Science, Institute of Agriculture, Graduate School, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zhenlei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenlei Zhou
| | - Yanbing Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Departments of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Ryou Tanaka
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Sasaki K, Ma D, Mandour AS, Ozai Y, Yoshida T, Matsuura K, Takeuchi A, Cheng CJ, El-Husseiny HM, Hendawy H, Shimada K, Hamabe L, Uemura A, Tanaka R. Evaluation of Changes in the Cardiac Function before and after Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair in Healthy Dogs: Conventional and Novel Echocardiography. Animals (Basel) 2021; 12:56. [PMID: 35011161 PMCID: PMC8749712 DOI: 10.3390/ani12010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitral valve regurgitation is a common canine heart disease. Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair (TEER) is a transcatheter, edge-to-edge mitral repair device that uses a hybrid approach. No detailed information has been published on the hemodynamic effect of TEER on cardiac function. The aim of this report is to provide a longitudinal observation of the cardiac functional changes observed after TEER implantation in normal dogs using traditional, two-dimensional speckle tracking, and color M-mode echocardiographic methods. In the current report, TEER was implanted into two healthy dogs under general anesthesia. An echocardiographic examination was performed at baseline and weekly postoperative follow-ups were conducted until the fourth week. Successful TEER implantation was achieved with a short operation time (98 and 63 min) in the two dogs. Functional mitral valve regurgitation, elevated E/e' ratio, elevated radial strain, and stable intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPG) were observed after the operation in the dogs. Mild non progressive mitral valve stenosis was observed in both dogs. TEER is a minimally invasive method for mitral valve surgery that necessitates more clinical trials. With longitudinal observation of heart function using novel approaches, better outcomes will be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Sasaki
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Danfu Ma
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Wei-Gang, Xuanwu District, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ahmed S. Mandour
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Yusuke Ozai
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Tomohiko Yoshida
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Katsuhiro Matsuura
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Aki Takeuchi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Chieh-Jen Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Hussein M. El-Husseiny
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya 13736, Egypt
| | - Hanan Hendawy
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Kazumi Shimada
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Lina Hamabe
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Akiko Uemura
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Division of Veterinary Research, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan; (K.S.); (D.M.); (Y.O.); (T.Y.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (H.H.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
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Yairo A, Mandour AS, Matsuura K, Yoshida T, Ma D, Kitpipatkun P, Kato K, Cheng CJ, El-Husseiny HM, Tanaka T, Shimada K, Hamabe L, Uemura A, Takahashi K, Tanaka R. Effect of Loading Changes on the Intraventricular Pressure Measured by Color M-Mode Echocardiography in Rats. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1403. [PMID: 34441337 PMCID: PMC8391789 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of diastolic function is a pivotal challenge due to limitations of the conventional echocardiography, especially when the heart rate is rapid as in rats. Currently, by using color M-mode echocardiography (CMME), intraventricular pressure difference (IVPD) and intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPG) in early diastole can be generated and are available as echocardiographic indices. These indices are expected to be useful for the early diagnosis of heart failure (HF), especially diastolic dysfunction. There have not been any studies demonstrating changes in IVPD and IVPG in response to changes in loading conditions in rats. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate CMME-derived IVPD and IVPG changes in rats under various loading conditions. Twenty rats were included, divided into two groups for two different experiments, and underwent jugular vein catheterization under inhalational anesthetics. Conventional echocardiography, CMME, and 2D speckle tracking echocardiography were measured at the baseline (BL), after intravenous infusion of milrinone (MIL, n = 10), and after the infusion of hydroxyethyl starch (HES, n = 10). Left ventricular IVPD and IVPG were calculated from color M-mode images and categorized into total, basal, mid-to-apical, mid, and apical parts, and the percentage of the corresponding part was calculated. In comparison to the BL, the ejection fraction, mid-to-apical IVPG, mid IVPG, and apical IVPD were significantly increased after MIL administration (p < 0.05); meanwhile, the end-diastolic volume, E-wave velocity, total IVPD, and basal IVPD were significantly increased with the administration of HES (p < 0.05). The increase in mid-to-apical IVPD, mid IVPD, and apical IVPD indicated increased relaxation. A significant increase in basal IVPD reflected volume overloading by HES. CMME-derived IVPD and IVPG are useful tools for the evaluation of various loading conditions in rats. The approach used in this study provides a model for continuous data acquisition in chronic cardiac disease models without drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yairo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Ahmed S. Mandour
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Katsuhiro Matsuura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Tomohiko Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Danfu Ma
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Pitipat Kitpipatkun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Konosuke Kato
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Chieh-Jen Cheng
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Hussein M. El-Husseiny
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya 13736, Egypt
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Kazumi Shimada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Lina Hamabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Akiko Uemura
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Division of Veterinary Research, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.M.); (T.Y.); (D.M.); (P.K.); (K.K.); (C.-J.C.); (H.M.E.-H.); (T.T.); (K.S.); (L.H.)
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9
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Matsuura K, Shiraishi K, Mandour AS, Sato K, Shimada K, Goya S, Yoshida T, Kitpipatkun P, Hamabe L, Uemura A, Yilmaz Z, Ifuku M, Iso T, Takahashi K, Tanaka R. The Utility of Intraventricular Pressure Gradient for Early Detection of Chemotherapy-Induced Subclinical Cardiac Dysfunction in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1122. [PMID: 33919889 PMCID: PMC8070943 DOI: 10.3390/ani11041122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of doxorubicin (DXR)-induced cardiomyopathy (DXR-ICM) is crucial to improve cancer patient outcomes and survival. In recent years, the intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPG) has been a breakthrough as a sensitive index to assess cardiac function. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of IVPG for the early detection of chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction. For this purpose, six dogs underwent conventional, speckle tracking, and color M-mode echocardiography concomitantly with pressure-and-volume analysis by conductance catheter. The cardiac function measurements were assessed before DXR administration (baseline, Pre), at the end of treatment protocol (Post), and at 1.5 years follow-up (Post2). The result showed a significant reduction in the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume (Emax: 4.4 ± 0.7, 6.1 ± 1.6 vs. 8.4 ± 0.8 mmHg/mL), total-IVPG (0.59 ± 0.12, 0.62 ± 0.15 vs. 0.86 ± 0.12 mmHg), and mid-IVPG (0.28 ± 0.12, 0.31 ± 0.11 vs. 0.48 ± 0.08 mmHg), respectively in Post2 and Post compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). Mid-to-apical IVPG was also reduced in Post2 compared with the baseline (0.29 ± 0.13 vs. 0.51 ± 0.11). Meanwhile, the fraction shortening, ejection fraction, and longitudinal strain revealed no change between groups. Total and mid-IVPG were significantly correlated with Emax (R = 0.49; p < 0.05, both) but only mid-IVPG was a predictor for Emax (R2 = 0.238, p = 0.040). In conclusion, this study revealed that impairment of contractility was the initial changes observed with DXR-ICM in dogs and only IVPG could noninvasively detect subclinical alterations in cardiac function. Color M-mode echocardiography-derived IVPG could be a potential marker for the early detection of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Matsuura
- VCA Japan Shiraishi Animal Hospital, Saitama 350-1304, Japan;
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
| | - Kenjirou Shiraishi
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
| | - Ahmed S. Mandour
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Kotomi Sato
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
| | - Kazumi Shimada
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
| | - Seijirow Goya
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
| | - Tomohiko Yoshida
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
| | - Pitipat Kitpipatkun
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
| | - Lina Hamabe
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
| | - Akiko Uemura
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Division of Veterinary Research, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan;
| | - Zeki Yilmaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa 16120, Turkey;
| | - Mayumi Ifuku
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (M.I.); (T.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Takeshi Iso
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (M.I.); (T.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (M.I.); (T.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan; (K.S.); (K.S.); (K.S.); (S.G.); (T.Y.); (P.K.); (L.H.)
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