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Luo M, Han X, Li H, Zhou G, Chen H, Gao F. Effects of Remifentanil Gradual Withdrawal Combined with Postoperative Infusion on Postoperative Hyperalgesia in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic hysterectomy: A Factorial Design, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:583-595. [PMID: 38436039 PMCID: PMC10908282 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s451913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (RIH) increases the risk of persistent postoperative pain, making early postoperative analgesic therapy ineffective and affecting postoperative patient satisfaction. This study aimed to verify the effects of gradual withdrawal of remifentanil combined with postoperative pump infusion of remifentanil on postoperative hyperalgesia and pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy. Methods This trial was a factorial design, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Patients undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy were randomly allocated to the control group, postoperative pump infusion of remifentanil group, gradual withdrawal of remifentanil group, or gradual withdrawal plus postoperative pump infusion of remifentanil group (n = 35 each). The primary outcome was postoperative mechanical pain thresholds in the medial forearm. The secondary outcomes included postoperative mechanical pain thresholds around the incision, pain numeric rating scale scores, analgesic utilization, awakening agitation or sedation scores, a 15-item quality of recovery survey, and postoperative complications. Results Gradual withdrawal of remifentanil significantly increased postoperative pain thresholds versus abrupt discontinuation (P < 0.05), whereas postoperative infusion did not show significant differences compared to the absence of infusion (P > 0.05). The combined gradual withdrawal and postoperative infusion group exhibited the highest thresholds and had the lowest postoperative pain scores and analgesic requirements as well as the highest quality of recovery scores (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed for agitation scores, sedation scores, or complication rates (P > 0.05). Conclusion The novel combined gradual withdrawal and postoperative infusion of remifentanil uniquely attenuates postoperative hyperalgesia, pain severity, analgesic necessity, and improves recovery quality after laparoscopic hysterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyue Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoxuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Qian X, Zhao X, Yu L, Yin Y, Zhang XD, Wang L, Li JX, Zhu Q, Luo JL. Current status of GABA receptor subtypes in analgesia. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115800. [PMID: 37935070 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein-producing amino acid synthesized from the excitatory amino acid glutamate via the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase, is extensively found in microorganisms, plants and vertebrates, and is abundantly expressed in the spinal cord and brain. It is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system. GABA plays crucial roles in the regulation of synaptic transmission, the promotion of neuronal development and relaxation, and the prevention of insomnia and depression. As the major inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA plays pivotal roles in the regulation of pain sensation, which is initiated by the activation of peripheral nociceptors and transmitted to the spinal cord and brain along nerves. GABA exerts these roles by directly acting on three types of receptors: ionotropic GABAA and GABAC receptors and G protein-coupled GABAB receptor. The chloride-permeable ion channel receptors GABAA and GABAC mediate fast neurotransmission, while the metabotropic GABAB receptor mediates slow effect. Different GABA receptors regulate pain sensation via different signaling pathways. Here we highlight recent updates on the involvement of specific GABA receptors and their subtypes in the process of pain sensation. Further understanding of different GABA receptors and signaling pathways in pain sensation will benefit the development of novel analgesics for pain management by targeting specific GABA receptor subtypes and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunjia Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lulu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujian Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Xu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jia-Lie Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhao Y, Mu H, Zhang J, Lu Y. Efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen‑axetil combined with nalbuphine pretreatment on remifentanil‑induced postoperative hyperalgesia: A randomized clinical trial. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:475. [PMID: 37664672 PMCID: PMC10469147 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (RIH) is a common and complicated issue in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), which significantly reduces patient satisfaction. The present trial was designed to clarify the individual and combined effects of flurbiprofen-axetil and nalbuphine on remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. This randomized double-blind clinical trial included 120 adult patients who underwent LC at The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu. The individuals were randomized into a flurbiprofen-axetil group (F group), nalbuphine group (N group), flurbiprofen-axetil combined with nalbuphine group (FN group) and saline group (S group). The four groups were given flurbiprofen-axetil (50 mg, iv.), nalbuphine (0.1 mg/kg, iv.), flurbiprofen-axetil (50 mg, iv.) combined with nalbuphine (0.1 mg/kg, iv.) or normal saline respectively prior to skin incision. The primary outcome was the postoperative mechanical pain thresholds at the inner forearm and peri-incisional area. The secondary outcomes were the visual analog scale (VAS) and Ramsay sedation scale at 0.5, 1, 4 and 24 h after surgery, and any other adverse events. The pain threshold of the medial forearm in the FN group did not differ from that in the F and N groups at 24 h after surgery (P=0.310 and P=0.910, respectively). However, the pain threshold around the incision in FN group was significantly lower than that in F and N groups 24 h after surgery (P=0.001). The VAS of the F group, N group and FN group were all significantly lower than that in the S group at 0.5, 1 and 24 h after surgery (P<0.001). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of adverse events between the four groups. Single flurbiprofen-axetil and single nalbuphine effectively prevented RIH 24 h after surgery in LC. The combination of the two analgesic drugs, with different mechanisms of action, was not superior to single therapy. The present study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration no. ChiCTR2100045347).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Hailing Mu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
- Ambulatory Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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Dello Russo C, Cappoli N, Tabolacci E, Sollazzi L, Navarra P, Aceto P. Remifentanil does not affect human microglial immune activation in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:295-309. [PMID: 37220493 PMCID: PMC10201013 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Remifentanil is a potent ultra-short acting μ-opioid analgesic drug, frequently used in anaesthesia due to its favorable pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile. It may be associated with the occurrence of hyperalgesia. Preclinical studies suggest a potential role of microglia, although the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Considering the role of microglia in brain inflammation and the relevant differences among species, the effects of remifentanil were studied on the human microglial C20 cells. The drug was tested at clinically relevant concentrations under basal and inflammatory conditions. In the C20 cells, the expression and secretion of interleukin 6, interleukin 8 and the monocyte chemotactic protein 1 were rapidly induced by a mixture of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This stimulatory effect was sustained up to 24 h. Remifentanil did not exert any toxic effect nor modify the production of these inflammatory mediators, thus suggesting the lack of direct immune modulatory actions on human microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Dello Russo
- Dipartimento di Sicurezza e Bioetica, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Institute of Systems Molecular and Integrative Biology (ISMIB), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Cappoli
- Dipartimento di Sicurezza e Bioetica, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tabolacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Liliana Sollazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Navarra
- Dipartimento di Sicurezza e Bioetica, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Aceto
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Emergenza, Anestesiologiche e della Rianimazione, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Shi M, Zhou J, Hu R, Xu H, Chen Y, Wu X, Chen B, Ma R. EA participates in pain transition through regulating KCC2 expression by BDNF-TrkB in the spinal cord dorsal horn of male rats. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 13:100115. [PMID: 36875547 PMCID: PMC9982673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2023.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic pain is complex and poorly treated, seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Electroacupuncture (EA) relieves pain by preventing the transition of acute pain into chronic pain, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate whether EA can inhibit pain transition by increasing KCC2 expression via BDNF-TrkB. We used hyperalgesic priming (HP) model to investigate the potential central mechanisms of EA intervention on pain transition. HP model male rats showed significant and persistent mechanically abnormal pain. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) phosphorylation were upregulated in the affected spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) of HP model rats, accompanied by K+-Cl-- Cotransporter-2 (KCC2) expression was down-regulated. EA significantly increased the mechanical pain threshold in HP model male rats and decreased BDNF and p-TrkB overexpression and upregulated KCC2 expression. Blockade of BDNF with BDNF neutralizing antibody attenuated mechanical abnormal pain in HP rats. Finally, administration of exogenous BDNF by pharmacological methods reversed the EA-induced resistance to abnormal pain. In all, these results suggest that BDNF-TrkB contributes to mechanical abnormal pain in HP model rats and that EA ameliorates mechanical abnormal pain through upregulation of KCC2 by BDNF-TrkB in SCDH. Our study further supports EA as an effective treatment to prevent the transition of acute pain into chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Shi
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rong Hu
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haipeng Xu
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingying Wu
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bowen Chen
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zeng S, Zhu R, Wang Y, Yang Y, Li N, Fu N, Sun M, Zhang J. Role of GABAA receptor depolarization-mediated VGCC activation in sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in neonatal mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:964227. [PMID: 36176629 PMCID: PMC9514857 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.964227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In neonatal mice, anesthesia with sevoflurane depolarizes the GABA Type A receptor (GABAAR), which leads to cognitive impairment. Calcium accumulation in neurons can lead to neurotoxicity. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) can increase intracellular calcium concentration under isoflurane and hypoxic conditions. The underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Methods Six-day-old mice were anesthetized with 3% sevoflurane for 2 h/day for 3 days. The Y-Maze, new object recognition (NOR) test, the Barnes maze test, immunoassay, immunoblotting, the TUNEL test, and Golgi–Cox staining were used to assess cognition, calcium concentration, inflammatory response, GABAAR activation, VGCC expression, apoptosis, and proliferation of hippocampal nerve cells in mice and HT22 cells. Results Compared with the control group, mice in the sevoflurane group had impaired cognitive function. In the sevoflurane group, the expression of Gabrb3 and Cav1.2 in the hippocampal neurons increased (p < 0.01), the concentration of calcium ions increased (p < 0.01), inflammatory reaction and apoptosis of neurons increased (p < 0.01), the proliferation of neurons in the DG area decreased (p < 0.01), and dendritic spine density decreased (p < 0.05). However, the inhibition of Gabrb3 and Cav1.2 alleviated cognitive impairment and reduced neurotoxicity. Conclusions Sevoflurane activates VGCCs by inducing GABAAR depolarization, resulting in cognitive impairment. Activated VGCCs cause an increase in intracellular calcium concentration and an inflammatory response, resulting in neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruilou Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yitian Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ningning Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ningning Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingyang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaqiang Zhang
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Mingyang Sun
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