Correlation of happiness and professional autonomy in Iranian nurses

Professional autonomy among Registered Nurses-Validation of the translation of the Dempster Practice Behaviour Scale and survey results

AIM

To test the psychometric properties of the Finnish version of the Dempster Practice Behaviour Scale and explore nurses' professional autonomy along with which characteristics are related to it.

DESIGN

An instrument validation and a descriptive cross-sectional study.

METHODS

The web-based survey was conducted in September 2021 at two university hospitals in Finland. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to explore the factor structure of the modified instrument, while Cronbach's α coefficients were calculated to determine the reliability of the scale. Descriptive univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to examine Registered Nurses' professional autonomy. The study followed STROBE guidelines.

RESULTS

During the validation process, the 30 items of the Dempster Practice Behaviour Scale were reduced to 25 items. The S-CVI/Ave for the translated scale was 0.94. When one additional item was omitted from the EFA, the results supported five factors, which explained 45.9% of the total variance. The mean overall autonomy score was 3.63 out of 5, with readiness and empowerment the subscales with the highest and lowest, respectively, mean values. The linear regression models showed that age, nursing experience, unit type, education, shift, and perceptions of the importance of professional autonomy were related to the subscales describing professional autonomy.

CONCLUSION

The psychometric testing provided evidence that the translated instrument was reliable. Nurses assessed that they are skilled professionals who are accountable for their actions. However, they experienced rather low levels of professional autonomy in empowerment and valuation. Health care organizations should consider this through authentic leadership and, thus, possibly strengthen professional autonomy.

Determination of nurses' happiness, hope, future expectations, and the factors influencing them: a descriptive study that can guide policy development to prevent nurse migration

BACKGROUND

The happiness and hopefulness of nurses are not only known that contribute to their emotional well-being but also professional creativity, improve the quality of nursing services and organizational performance. Therefore, knowing which factors affect nurses' mental well-being and future expectations can provide information for nursing workforce planning policies. This study was conducted to determination of Nurses' happiness, hope, and future expectations and the factors influencing them.

METHOD

326 nurses from 52 provinces of Turkey participated in this descriptive study. The data collection instruments included a Demographic Characteristics Form and questions from the Turkish Statistical Institute's Life Satisfaction Survey to assess overall happiness, hope, and expectation levels. The study data was collected using an e-survey prepared through Google Forms in line with the principle of voluntarism. In the study adhered to the EQUATOR checklist for descriptive studies.

RESULTS

The average scores for overall happiness, hope, and future expectations among the participating nurses were found to be 2.34 ± 0.98, 2.22 ± 0.95, and 1.26 ± 0.54, respectively. It was determined that the levels of happiness, hope, and future expectations of nurses are influenced by satisfaction with income, income's ability to meet needs, and personal development over the last five years.

CONCLUSION

The study concluded that the overall happiness and hope levels of nurses are low, while their future expectations are at a moderate level. Satisfaction with income affects the happiness and hope levels of nurses. Three quarters of the nurses participating in the study want to work abroad. This situation may lead to a need for qualified nurses in the future.

Spiritual care competence, moral distress and job satisfaction among Iranian oncology nurses

BACKGROUND

Nurses have a crucial role in identifying spiritual needs and providing spiritual care to patients living with cancer.

AIM

This study evaluated Iranian oncology nurses' spiritual care competence and its relationship with job satisfaction and moral distress.

METHOD

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 280 Iranian oncology nurses in 2020 using four questionnaires: demographic questionnaires, the Spiritual Care Competence Questionnaire (SCCQ), the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and the nurses' Moral Distress Questionnaire (MDS-R).

FINDINGS

The mean scores indicated a medium to high Spiritual Care Competence (SCC), mild to moderate moral distress and high job satisfaction. There was a positive correlation between SCC and external job satisfaction (r=184, p<0.05) and a negative correlation between SCC and moral distress (r=-0.356, p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

SCC diminishes with decreasing external job satisfaction and increasing moral distress. To improve the SCC of nurses working with patients living with cancer, it is recommended that nursing managers and policymakers revise the organisational policies to tackle the obstacles and consider the related factors to provide an ethical climate, implement quality spiritual care and increase job satisfaction.

The relationship between ethical leadership and nurse well-being: The mediating role of workplace mindfulness

AIM

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between nurses' well-being and their ethical leadership, and the mediating role of workplace mindfulness in this relationship.

DESIGN

This was a quantitative cross-sectional study.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals in central China from May 2022 to July 2022, and the Nurses' Workplace Mindfulness, Ethical Leadership and Well-Being Scale were distributed and collected via the Internet. A total of 1579 nurses volunteered to participate in this study. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to analyse the data by Z-test and Spearman's rank correlation; the internal mechanism of workplace mindfulness and ethical leadership on nurses' well-being was completed by AMOS 23.0 statistical software.

RESULTS

The scores of nurses' well-being, workplace mindfulness and ethical leadership were 93.00 (81.00, 108.00), 96.00 (80.00, 112.00) and 73.00 (67.00, 81.00) respectively. The professional title, age and department atmosphere affect their well-being. Spearman's analysis showed that nurses' well-being was positively correlated with ethical leadership (r = .507, p < .01) and workplace mindfulness (r = .600, p < .01); workplace mindfulness partially mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and nurses' well-being accounting for 38.5% of the total effect ratio [p < .001, 95% CI = (0.215, 0.316)].

CONCLUSION

Nurses' well-being was at a medium level, and had a higher score in ethical leadership and workplace mindfulness, and workplace mindfulness played a partial mediating role between ethical leadership and nurses' well-being.

IMPACT

This suggests that nursing managers need to pay attention to clinical nurses' well-being experience, actively focus on the relationship among ethical leadership, workplace mindfulness and well-being and integrate core values such as positivity and morality into nurses' daily routines, so as to improve the work enthusiasm and well-being experience of clinical nurses, enhancing the nursing quality and stabilizing the nursing team.

Predictors of nurse's happiness: a systematic review

Objective

An acute shortage of nurses exists all over the world. Part of this shortage appears to be due to nurses’ low job satisfaction, low retention, and high turnover. Happiness at work is identified as a contributing factor that determines the shortage of nurses across the world. This paper critically appraised the existing scientific articles that assessed the individual and organizational predictors of happiness among nurses.

Methods

The systematic review was conducted from August 2010 to August 2020 using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Scientific articles were searched in the electronic databases (Scopus, Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Pubmed Central) on the predictors of happiness among nurses.

Results

A total of 13 articles were selected following the literature search and a thematic analysis was done. This review provides updated evidence on the predictors of nurses’ happiness. Job-related predictors were identified as organizational predictors; and personal, psychological, family, social, and spiritual predictors were reported to be the individual predictors.

Conclusions

As both individual and organizational predictors determine the happiness of nurses, the authors recommend the need for future interventional studies to increase the nurses’ happiness, their mental health, and health-related quality of life.

Nursing Development in Indonesia: Colonialism, After Independence and Nursing act

Introduction

Stereotyping of nurses still occurs nowadays in Indonesia. Society and healthcare think nursing is a doctor helper service. The public image of a nurse as a doctor's helper is hard to erase. Thus, the nursing development in Indonesia needs to be explored in describing the stereotyping and the nursing conditions in the current situation.

Methods

The study used a narrative review with 45 sources analyzed and extracted.

Results

Nursing education has been developed since colonialism. The first time the Netherland Indies built the hospital and they used Babu or a helper as a nurse. The result showed it had a negative impact, which showed as they started to train nurses. They trained male nurses to be Mantri nurses as hulpgeneesheeren (ancillary doctors). After independence, the project HOPE influenced the development of nursing in Indonesia. Indonesian nurses focused on technical aspects and added the nursing process to the education curricula in 1986. However, nurses’ practice culture did not change for a long time because of a lack of research and literature being evaluated during 1990–2010. Indonesia nursing started to increase the education, practice, and research afterward, with specifically the declaration of the Indonesian Nursing Act. It brought nurses into the professionalism of healthcare which the Indonesian government recognized. Then, nurses have faced new problems, including practice and education gaps.

Conclusion

The development of nurses will increase autonomy and dignity. Increasing education curricula, practice competency, and research impact will change the perspective of society with the support of recognition and education from the nursing organization. In addition, the nursing organization has an essential role in nursing development in each country.

Levels, antecedents, and consequences of critical thinking among clinical nurses: a quantitative literature review

The purpose of this study was to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of critical thinking within the clinical nursing context. In this review, we addressed the following specific research questions: what are the levels of critical thinking among clinical nurses?; what are the antecedents of critical thinking?; and what are the consequences of critical thinking? A narrative literature review was applied in this study. Thirteen articles published from July 2013 to December 2019 were appraised since the most recent scoping review on critical thinking among nurses was conducted from January 1999 to June 2013. The levels of critical thinking among clinical nurses were moderate or high. Regarding the antecedents of critical thinking, the influence of sociodemographic variables on critical thinking was inconsistent, with the exception that levels of critical thinking differed according to years of work experience. Finally, little research has been conducted on the consequences of critical thinking and related factors. The above findings highlight the levels, antecedents, and consequences of critical thinking among clinical nurses in various settings. Considering the significant association between years of work experience and critical thinking capability, it may be effective for organizations to deliver tailored education programs on critical thinking for nurses according to their years of work experience.