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Lurgain JG, Ouaarab-Essadek H, Mellouki K, Malik-Hameed S, Sharif A, Brotons M, Bruni L, Peremiquel-Trillas P. Exploring self-care and cervical cancer prevention attitudes and practices among Moroccan and Pakistani immigrant women in Catalonia, Spain: a comparative qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:388. [PMID: 38321465 PMCID: PMC10845717 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17445-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-care and preventive health strategies may trigger health inequities when individuals' cultural values and health beliefs are not fully understood and considered. In the case of cervical cancer (CC) screening programs immigrant women have shown lower attendance compared with native women, which increases the risk of late diagnosis and, consequently, a lower probability of survival. HPV self-sampling for CC screening has been recently added to the World Health Organization's (WHO) list of self-care interventions as a promising tool to reduce this disparity and improve screening coverage. In Catalonia, Spain, the introduction of HPV self-sampling as a part of the new population-based CC screening program, is a significant step. However, there is a lack of research addressing self-care and prevention among immigrant populations in this region. This study aims to fill this gap exploring self-care and prevention attitudes and practices among Moroccan and Pakistani women. METHODS We conducted focus groups and individual interviews with 36 Moroccan and 37 Pakistani women in Barcelona, Spain. The topic guide of the focus groups included case vignettes to stimulate the discussion and a semi-structured questionnaire was used for the interviews. RESULTS Our findings show that most Moroccan and Pakistani women do not prioritize self-care and prevention. They seek care for symptom treatment rather than disease prevention. In this sense, they reported not having the habit of doing regular check-ups and their self-care and prevention attitudes and practices seemed to be conditioned by cultural values. The implementation of an effective call and recall system could enhance the engagement of these populations with CC screening services. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence on how universal concepts of self-care and prevention may not aligned with more collectivist societies, emphasizing the limited applicability and motivation of global self-care interventions guidelines for individuals with different cultural backgrounds and values. Therefore, the successful implementation of CC screening programs or any other self-care intervention requires the adoption of culturally appropriate strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone G Lurgain
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, WC1E 7HT, London, UK.
| | - Hakima Ouaarab-Essadek
- Community & Public Health Team (ESPIC), Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron Centre for International Health and Infectious Diseases, Carrer de Sant Oleguer, 17, 08001, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Khadija Mellouki
- Community & Public Health Team (ESPIC), Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron Centre for International Health and Infectious Diseases, Carrer de Sant Oleguer, 17, 08001, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sumaira Malik-Hameed
- Community & Public Health Team (ESPIC), Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron Centre for International Health and Infectious Diseases, Carrer de Sant Oleguer, 17, 08001, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andleeb Sharif
- Community & Public Health Team (ESPIC), Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron Centre for International Health and Infectious Diseases, Carrer de Sant Oleguer, 17, 08001, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Brotons
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health - CIBERESP, Carlos III Institute of Health, Av. De Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laia Bruni
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health - CIBERESP, Carlos III Institute of Health, Av. De Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Peremiquel-Trillas
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBELL, Av Gran Via 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health - CIBERESP, Carlos III Institute of Health, Av. De Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, C/ Casanova, 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
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Nekouei Marvi Langari M, Virtanen E, Lindström J, Turunen H. Registered nurses' perceptions of healthy lifestyle counselling for immigrants in primary healthcare: A focus group study. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38258615 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of primary healthcare and health promotion services is low among immigrants compared with native citizens. Immigrants are at risk of developing chronic diseases due to genetics, nutrition and a sedentary lifestyle. Registered nurses play an integral role in teaching, counselling for a healthy lifestyle and care coordination in primary healthcare. AIM We aimed to explore the perceptions of registered nurses on healthy lifestyle counselling for preventing type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases among immigrants in the primary healthcare setting. DESIGN We performed a qualitative descriptive study using focus group interviews. METHODS Data were collected with semi-structured focus group interviews with a total of 23 registered nurses working in primary healthcare. We recruited the participants by using the purposive sampling method in the primary healthcare setting of four municipalities in Finland. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed with qualitative inductive content analysis. RESULTS The participants' perceptions were related to (1) uniform counselling practice for both immigrants and native citizens, (2) challenges in counselling immigrants, (3) understanding cultural factors influencing immigrant counselling, (4) the need to improve immigrant counselling and (5) utilizing insights from practical experience to improve the counselling service. CONCLUSIONS Developing a culturally sensitive health promotion service is suggested to support the health of immigrants. Moreover, both migrant communities and healthcare professionals should be involved in co-designing and implementing health promotion projects through a community-based participatory approach. IMPACT Our study contributes to healthcare practice and management by underscoring the need for culturally tailored health promotion services for the at-risk group of immigrants in primary healthcare. Cultural competence in nursing education needs to be reinforced. The provided recommendations inform researchers and policymakers about the health disparities and health needs of immigrants. PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Healthcare professionals were consulted in the study design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eeva Virtanen
- Doctoral Programme of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Population Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Turunen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Peng B, Ng JYY, Ha AS. Barriers and facilitators to physical activity for young adult women: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:23. [PMID: 36849995 PMCID: PMC9972741 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) has many benefits in preventing diseases and maintaining physical and mental health. Women, in particular, can benefit from regular PA. However, women's PA did not increase over the past decade globally, and the situations faced by women are often gender-specific. Healthy young adult women's PA does not receive as much attention as older women and adolescent girls, yet, they face the same situation of low level of PA. This review aims to explore and synthesise the self-identified barriers and facilitators to young adult women's participation in PA from qualitative research studies and offer suggestions for future studies and programs designed for this population. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, and SPORTDiscus for studies published between January 2000 to February 2022 to identify qualitative studies on the barriers and facilitators of young adult women's PA between ages 18 to 40. The search yielded 694 studies initially, of which 23 were included. The research quality of included studies was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. Data were extracted and thematically analysed based on the tenets of the social-ecological model (SEM). RESULTS Identified barriers and facilitators were grouped into different levels of the SEM, with the most frequently cited factors being time, body image and societal beauty standards, family duty and social support, religious and cultural norms, organisation and community facilities and environment, safety issues and physical environment. Descriptive data were thematically analysed and synthesised in line with the five levels: body image, health and beauty; multiple roles, support, and PA; religious identity, cultural identity, and PA; safety issues and women's fears. CONCLUSIONS This qualitative synthesis revealed in-depth information on barriers and facilitators influencing young adult women's PA. It highlighted that the factors young adult women face are diverse at different levels yet holistic and intertwined. Future studies on young adult women's PA should address the social-cultural influence and would benefit from applying multilevel strategies employing the SEM model. It is critical to create an open and inclusive environment and offer more opportunities for women. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021290519.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Johan Y. Y. Ng
- Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy S. Ha
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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