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Luo X, Huo T, Cao P, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Tan G. Thrombolysis Versus Nonthrombolyzed in Patients With Mild Strokes and Large Vessel Occlusions: Results of a Multicenter Stroke Registration. Neurologist 2024; 29:31-35. [PMID: 37639543 PMCID: PMC10763712 DOI: 10.1097/nrl.0000000000000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusions and mild neurological deficits are controversial. METHODS Data of stroke patients presenting with mild initial stroke, which was defined as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (NIHSS) ≤5 and large vessel occlusion, were extracted from a large provincewide stroke registry. RESULTS A total of 619 IVT and 2170 non-IVT patients were identified in this study. IVT patients had higher rates of favorable functional outcome Modified Rankin Scale(mRS) ≤1 (74.6% vs. 70.6%; P =0.047), lower mRS scores (1 vs. 1, P =0.001), and higher NIHSS score decreased (1 vs. 0, P <0.001) at discharge compared with the non-IVT patients. The rates were similar in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (2.1% vs. 2.0%, P =0.853), severe systemic bleeding (0.8% vs. 0.6%, P =0.474), and mortality at discharge (0.2% vs. 0.2%, P =0.906) between the 2 groups. A multiple Logistic regression model found that age above 80 years [adjusted OR (aOR) 2.056 (95% CI, 1.125 to 3.756)], history of stroke [aOR 1.577 (95% CI, 1.303 to 1.910)], hyperlipidemia [aOR 2.156 (95% CI, 1.059 to 4.388)], high admission NIHSS score [aOR 1.564 (95% CI, 1.473 to 1.611)], and non-IVT [aOR 1.667 (95% CI, 1.337 to 2.077)] were independent risk factors for mRS >1. CONCLUSIONS IVT administration is safe and effective in eligible acute ischemic stroke patients. Age above 80 years, with a history of stroke and hyperlipidemia, high admission NIHSS score, and non-IVT were independent risk factors for mRS >1 at discharge in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, HeBei Medical University
- Department of Neurology, HeBei General Hospital
| | | | - Pengkai Cao
- Department of Vascular Surgery Department, The Third Hospital of HeBei Medical University, HeBei Medical University, HeBei, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingru Zhao
- Department of Neurology, HeBei General Hospital
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, HeBei Medical University
| | - Guojun Tan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of HeBei Medical University, HeBei Medical University
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Merlino G, Nesi L, Vergobbi P, Scanni MD, Pez S, Marziali A, Tereshko Y, Sportelli G, Lorenzut S, Janes F, Gigli GL, Valente M. The use of alteplase, although safe, does not offer clear clinical advantages when mild stroke is non-disabling. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1212712. [PMID: 37528859 PMCID: PMC10390232 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1212712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is unknown whether alteplase is effective and safe in patients with mild acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Determining whether symptoms are "disabling" or not is a crucial factor in the management of these patients. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of alteplase in patients with mild, non-disabling AIS. Methods We included all consecutive patients admitted for AIS at our institution from January 2015 to May 2022 who presented a baseline NIHSS score of 0-5 and fit the criteria to receive intravenous thrombolysis. In order to select only subjects with non-disabling AIS, we excluded patients who scored more than 1 point in the following NIHSS single items: vision, language, neglect, and single limb. Patients who scored at least 1 point in the NIHSS consciousness item were excluded as well. This study is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database. Results After the application of the exclusion criteria, we included 319 patients, stratified into patients receiving and not receiving alteplase based on non-disabling symptoms. The two groups were comparable regarding demographic and clinical data. Rates of a 3-month favorable outcome, defined as a 3-month mRS score of 0-1, were similar, being 82.3% and 86.1% in the treated and untreated patients, respectively. Hemorrhagic complications and mortality occurred infrequently and were not affected by alteplase treatment. Discussion This observational study suggests that the use of alteplase, although safe, is not associated with a better outcome in highly selected patients with non-disabling AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Merlino
- Stroke Unit, Department of Head-Neck and Neuroscience, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Nesi
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Pez
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Yan Tereshko
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Simone Lorenzut
- Stroke Unit, Department of Head-Neck and Neuroscience, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Janes
- Stroke Unit, Department of Head-Neck and Neuroscience, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Gigli
- Dipartimento di Area Medica (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Valente
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, Udine, Italy
- Dipartimento di Area Medica (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Tang G, Cao Z, Luo Y, Wu S, Sun X. Prognosis associated with asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol 2022; 269:3470-3481. [PMID: 35260949 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It remains inconclusive whether asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (aICH) after acute ischemic stroke is innocuous. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis assessing the relationship between the aICH and poor neurological outcomes. METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science from their inception to 30 November 2021 and performed a meta-analysis on the association between the aICH and neurological prognosis after acute ischemic stroke at 3 months, including poor outcomes (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score ≥ 2 or mRS ≥ 3) and mortality. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included in the analysis, reporting on a total of 10,915 participants after acute ischemic stroke. The risks of poor outcome (mRS ≥ 2 or mRS ≥ 3) in patients with aICH were significantly higher than patients without ICH (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.33-2.18; OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.20-1.70, respectively), based on adjusted data. The difference between the two groups was not significant for mortality. The results of subgroup analysis showed aICH were associated with higher ratio of mild poor prognosis (mRS ≥ 2) (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.11-2.27), but it had no association with functional dependence (mRS ≥ 3) after recanalization. No significant influence of aICH on poor outcome (mRS ≥ 3) was found in non-recanalization group. Further stratified analysis revealed that only aICH with patients receiving endovascular therapy (EVT) could increase the risk of mild poor prognosis (mRS ≥ 2) at 3 months. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that compared with patients without ICH, those who developed aICH during the acute stage of ischemic stroke had an increasing risk of worse outcome, especially in patients with endovascular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyi Tang
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixin Cao
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Luo
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqing Wu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xunsha Sun
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Merlino G, Smeralda C, Lorenzut S, Gigli GL, Surcinelli A, Valente M. To Treat or Not to Treat: Importance of Functional Dependence in Deciding Intravenous Thrombolysis of "Mild Stroke" Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030768. [PMID: 32178336 PMCID: PMC7141285 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with a low National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 0–5 remains controversial. IVT should be used in patients with mild but nevertheless disabling symptoms. We hypothesize that response to IVT of patients with “mild stroke” may depend on their level of functional dependence (FD) at hospital admission. The aims of our study were to investigate the effect of IVT and to explore the role of FD in influencing the response to IVT. This study was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database, including 389 patients stratified into patients receiving IVT (IVT+) and not receiving IVT (IVT −) just because of mild symptoms. Barthel index (BI) at admission was used to assess FD, dividing subjects with BI score < 80 (FD+) and with BI score ≥ 80 (FD−). The efficacy endpoints were the rate of positive disability outcome (DO+) (3-month mRS score of 0 or 1), and the rate of positive functional outcome (FO+) (mRS score of zero or one, plus BI score of 95 or 100 at 3 months). At the multivariate analysis, IVT treatment was an independent predictor of DO+ (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.34−7.27, p = 0.008) and FO+ (OR: 4.70, 95% CI 2.38−9.26, p = 0.001). However, FD+ IVT+ patients had a significantly higher prevalence of DO+ and FO+ than those FD+ IVT–. Differently, IVT treatment did not influence DO+ and FO+ in FD– patients. In FD+ patients, IVT treatment represented the strongest independent predictor of DO+ (OR 6.01, 95% CI 2.59–13.92, p = 0.001) and FO+ (OR 4.73, 95% CI 2.29–9.76, p = 0.001). In conclusion, alteplase seems to improve functional outcome in patients with “mild stroke”. However, in our experience, this beneficial effect is strongly influenced by FD at admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Merlino
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Udine University Hospital, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Carmelo Smeralda
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy; (C.S.); (G.L.G.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Simone Lorenzut
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Udine University Hospital, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Gian Luigi Gigli
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy; (C.S.); (G.L.G.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Physics (DMIF), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Andrea Surcinelli
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy; (C.S.); (G.L.G.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Valente
- Clinical Neurology, Udine University Hospital, 33100 Udine, Italy; (C.S.); (G.L.G.); (A.S.); (M.V.)
- Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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