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Karmaker PG, Yang X. Recent Advancement on the Indirect or Combined Alternative Thiocyanate Sources for the Construction of S-CN Bonds. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300312. [PMID: 38085121 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The process of thiocyanation is a notable chemical conversion owing to the extensive range of applications associated with thiocyanate compounds in the field of organic chemistry. In past centuries, the thiocyanation reaction incorporated metal thiocyanates or thiocyanate salts as sources of thiocyanate, which are environmentally detrimental and undesirable. In recent literature, there have been numerous instances where combined or indirect alternative sources of thiocyanate have been employed as agents for thiocyanation, showcasing their noteworthy applications. The present literature review focuses on elucidating the ramifications associated with the utilization of indirect or combined alternative sources of thiocyanate in various thiocyanation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pran Gopal Karmaker
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Xiupei Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637000, China
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2
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Gao Y, Hua R, Yin H, Chen FX. Synthesis of thiocyanato-containing phenanthrenes and dihydronaphthalenes via Lewis acid-activated tandem electrophilic thiocyanation/carbocyclization of alkynes. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2417-2422. [PMID: 36857671 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00001j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
A tandem electrophilic thiocyanation and cyclization of arene-alkynes has been developed under mild conditions, affording thiocyanato-substituted phenanthrenes, dihydronaphthalenes, 2H-chromenes and dihydroquinolines in moderate to excellent yields. This reaction provides an efficient protocol for the construction of C-SCN and C-C bonds in one step. In this transformation, N-thiocyanato reagent serves as a convenient precursor to transfer SCN+ in the presence of trimethylchlorosilane, and the cyclization exhibited exclusive 6-endo-dig selectivity. Finally, a gram scale reaction and further derivatizations highlight the utility of this synthetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Gao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Ruirui Hua
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Hongquan Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), Beijing 102488, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), Beijing 102488, China
| | - Fu-Xue Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), Beijing 102488, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), Beijing 102488, China
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3
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Dharpure PD, Behera M, Khade VV, Thube AS, Bhat RG. Direct Access to Thiocyano-Thioesters from Cyclic Thioacetals via Photoredox Catalysis: An Introduction of Two Functional Groups in One Pot. Org Lett 2022; 24:6919-6924. [PMID: 36121933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cyanation of organic compounds is an important synthetic transformation and mainly relies on a toxic CN source. Undeniably, thiocyanate salt has emerged as a very mild and environmentally benign CN source, yet its synthetic utility for cyanation is highly limited to very few types of organic compounds. Herein, we report the direct cyanation of cyclic thioacetals for accessing compounds with two different functional groups (thiocyano-thioesters) in one pot using sodium thiocyanate via photoredox catalysis. The protocol has been further extended for the direct cyanation of disulfides and diselenide to access aryl thiocyanates and aryl selenocyanate. A plausible mechanism has been proposed based on a series of control experiments, cyclic voltammetry and Stern-Volmer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj D Dharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mousumi Behera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikas V Khade
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana S Thube
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramakrishna G Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, 411008, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Chen H, Shi X, Liu X, Zhao L. Recent progress of direct thiocyanation reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6508-6527. [PMID: 35942781 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01018f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thiocyanates are common in natural products, synthetic drugs and bioactive molecules. Many thiocyanate derivatives show excellent antibacterial, antiparasitic and anticancer activities. Thiocyanation can introduce SCN groups into parent molecules for constructing SCN-containing small organic molecules. Among them, the direct introduction method mainly includes nucleophilic reaction, electrophilic reaction and free radical reaction, which can simply and quickly introduce SCN groups at the target sites to construct thiocyanates, and has broad application prospects. In this review, we summarize the research progress of direct thiocyanation in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China.
| | - Xiaotian Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China.
| | - Xiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China.
| | - Limin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, China.
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Wang Z, Liu R, Qu C, Zhao XE, Lv Y, Yue H, Wei W. Elemental sulfur as the “S” source: visible-light-mediated four-component reactions leading to thiocyanates. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00539e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An eco-friendly and photocatalyst-free visible-light-promoted four-component reaction of α-diazoesters, elemental sulfur, cyclic ethers and TMSCN leading to thiocyanates is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Ruisheng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Chengming Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Xian-En Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Yufen Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China
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Song M, Hu Q, Li ZY, Sun X, Yang K. NFSI-catalyzed S‒S bond exchange reaction for the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Wu D, Duan Y, Liang K, Yin H, Chen FX. AIBN-initiated direct thiocyanation of benzylic sp 3 C-H with N-thiocyanatosaccharin. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9938-9941. [PMID: 34498624 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Direct thiocyanations of benzylic compounds have been implemented. Here, a new strategy, involving a free radical reaction pathway initiated by AIBN, was used to construct the benzylic sp3 C-SCN bond. In this way, the disadvantage of other strategies involving introducing leaving groups in advance to synthesize benzyl thiocyanate compounds was overcome. The currently developed protocol also involved the use of readily available raw materials and resulted in high product yields (up to 100%), both being great advantages for synthesizing benzyl thiocyanates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), No. 8 Liangxiang East Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Yongjie Duan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), No. 8 Liangxiang East Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Kun Liang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), No. 8 Liangxiang East Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Hongquan Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), No. 8 Liangxiang East Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Fu-Xue Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology (Liangxiang Campus), No. 8 Liangxiang East Road, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, China.
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Chehardoli G, Zolfigo MA, Mallakpour S. Applications of Selectfluor for the oxidation of Sulfides, urazoles and alcohols under the solvent-free conditions. CURRENT ORGANOCATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213337207999200909114816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Selectfluor acts as a safe and efficient reagent for the oxidation of urazoles, alcohols and also sulfides via releasing the electrophile F under the solvent-free conditions. In room temperature, this reagent cannot oxidize the substrates alone and requires KBr as the catalyst. In the proposed mechanism, Selectfluor converts the Br-
to the Br-F and the
lone-pair electron of substrates attack to Br-F to perform the oxidation reaction. This procedure offers some advantages;
for example short reaction time, simple work-up, good yield and matching with some green chemistry approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamabbas Chehardoli
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Shadpour Mallakpour
- Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan , Iran
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