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Fierascu IC, Fierascu I, Baroi AM, Ungureanu C, Spinu S, Avramescu SM, Somoghi R, Fierascu RC, Dinu-Parvu CE. Phytosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Leonurus cardiaca L. Extracts. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093472. [PMID: 37176353 PMCID: PMC10180527 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The present work describes, for the first time in the literature, the phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Leonurus cardiaca L. extracts. The influence of the extraction method (classical temperature extraction and microwave extraction), as well as of the extract concentration on the characteristics of the nanoparticles, was studied using analytical methods, such as UV-Vis spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Experimental data suggest that use of lower extract concentration leads to smaller dimensions nanoparticles, the same effect using the extract obtained by microwave-assisted extraction. The smallest recorded crystallite sizes (by X-ray diffraction) were under 3 nm. The antioxidant properties (determined by the DPPH assay) and the antimicrobial potential (determined against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains) are enhanced by the phytosynthesis process (as demonstrated by the comparison of the nanoparticles' properties with the parent extracts). The present work could also represent an important step in obtaining nanoparticles with enhanced properties and controlled morphologies, but also offers information on the phytosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles using low extract concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Catalina Fierascu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 37 Dionisie Lupu Str., 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anda Maria Baroi
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Ungureanu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Spinu
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Marius Avramescu
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Somoghi
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Claudiu Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM Bucharest, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University "Politehnica" of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Elena Dinu-Parvu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", 37 Dionisie Lupu Str., 030167 Bucharest, Romania
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Fu F, Pan X, Huang R, Luo L, Huang F, Li W, Zhang H, Zheng M, Lei B. Immunoregulatory Activity of Herbal Tea-Derived Carbon Dots. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1604-1609. [PMID: 35275634 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The activation of immune cells by immunoregulatory active substances can improve the body immunity. Carbon dots (CDs) with immunoregulatory activity are rarely reported. In this study, transmission electron microscopy results demonstrate the existence of CDs in herbal tea, while Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results suggest the participation of polyphenol in herbal tea CD (H-CD) formation. The photoluminescence spectrum has shown that H-CDs have fluorescence emission at 565 nm and exhibit an excitation-dependent property. The toxicity and immunostimulatory activity of H-CDs on mouse macrophage RAW264.7 suggested that H-CDs had no toxicity to RAW264.7 cells. Meanwhile, compared with herbal tea, H-CDs have more obvious effect of promoting the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase. In addition, the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) was promoted by H-CDs. This work suggests that H-CDs have stronger immunoregulatory function than that of original herbal tea, which provides a direction for the application of phenolic hydroxyl-modified CDs in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmei Fu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Pan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Riming Huang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, P. R. China
| | - Fanfan Huang
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong 525100, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong 525100, P. R. China
| | - Mingtao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong 525100, P. R. China
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong 525100, P. R. China
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Leite PM, Martins MAP, Carvalho MDG, Castilho RO. Mechanisms and interactions in concomitant use of herbs and warfarin therapy: An updated review. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112103. [PMID: 34474338 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This review is an updated and expanded version published in this journal in 2016. Warfarin pharmacotherapy is extremely complex, since in addition to being a low therapeutic index drug, it does not follow the dose-response pattern and has characteristics that predispose the occurrence of interactions, such as high binding rate to plasma proteins, metabolization by cytochrome P450 enzymes, further to acting in the complex process of blood coagulation, platelet activation, and inflammation. For these reasons, warfarin has great potential for interaction with drugs, foods, and herbal medicines. Herb-warfarin interactions, however, are still not very well studied; thus, the objective of this update is to present new information on the subject aiming to provide a scientific basis to help health professionals in the clinical management of these interactions. A literature review was performed from May to June 2021 in multiple databases and articles published in 2016 to 2021 were included. A total of 59 articles describing 114 herbal medicines were reported to interact with warfarin. Of the plants mentioned, 84% had the potential to increase warfarin effect and the risk of bleeding. Targets possibly involved in these interactions include the processes of blood coagulation, platelet activation, and inflammation, in addition to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin. Despite these alarming numbers, however, the clinical management of interactions is known to be effective. Thus, it is important that the use of these herbal medicines be done with caution in anticoagulated patients and that studies of herb-drug interactions be encouraged in order to generate information to support the clinical management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mendonça Leite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Carvalho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rachel Oliveira Castilho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Consórcio Acadêmico Brasileiro de Saúde Integrativa, CABSIN, Brazil.
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Oalđe M, Kolarević S, Živković J, Alimpić Aradski A, Jovanović Marić J, Kračun Kolarević M, Đorđević J, Marin PD, Šavikin K, Vuković-Gačić B, Duletić-Laušević S. A comprehensive assessment of the chemical composition, antioxidant, genoprotective and antigenotoxic activities of Lamiaceae species using different experimental models in vitro. Food Funct 2021; 12:3233-3245. [PMID: 33877247 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00447f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This research was aimed to assess the potential of Glechoma hederacea, Hyssopus officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, Leonurus cardiaca, Marrubium vulgare and Sideritis scardica (Lamiaceae) methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts against the damaging effects of oxidative stress using different experimental models. The chemical characterization was done spectrophotometrically by quantifying total phenolics, phenolic acids, flavonoids and flavonols in the extracts, as well as by employing HPLC-DAD technique. Moreover, DPPH assay was used to assess the extracts' radical scavenging potential. Genoprotective properties of the extracts were evaluated using plasmid pUC19 Escherichia coli XL1-Blue, whereas their antigenotoxic potential was determined using Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 and normal human lung fibroblasts. All of the extracts showed antioxidant activity in DPPH assay. Furthermore, the results have shown that aqueous extracts provided the best protection for plasmid DNA, while alcoholic extracts most effectively contributed to the preservation of prokaryotic DNA. Additionally, each of the tested samples significantly protected the eukaryotic cells against genomic damages. Finally, despite not showing exceptional results in DPPH assay, S. scardica extracts are regarded as the most favorable in maintaining the integrity of DNA, which might be due to high quantities of phenolics such as quercetin (up to 17.95 mg g-1), naringin (up to 5.07 mg g-1) and luteolin-7-O-glucoside (up to 3.54 mg g-1). Overall, this comprehensive concept highlights the ability of these Lamiaceae species to safeguard the DNA from reactive oxygen species, to curtail the inflicted damage and also improve the efficiency of the DNA repair mechanisms, while emphasizing the importance of polyphenols as their active principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Oalđe
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", Chair of Plant Morphology and Systematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Khan A, Akram M, Thiruvengadam M, Daniyal M, Zakki SA, Munir N, Zainab R, Heydari M, Mosavat SH, Rebezov M, Shariati MA. Anti-anxiety properties of selected medicinal plants. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:1041-1060. [PMID: 33480339 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210122125131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exploration of new drugs targeting anxiety treatment is a major concern worldwide. Medicinal plants are being used as a potential source of novel drugs for anxiety disorders. The objective of this review is to provide information about the healing outcomes of anxiety treatment with natural products. Valeriana officinalis, Citrus aurantium, Commelina benghalensis, Achyranthes aspera, Mimosa pudica, Achillea millefolium, Nymphaea alba, Leonurus cardiac, Camellia sinensis, Turnera aphrodisiaca, Crataegus oxyacantha and Piper methysticum showed promising effects on anxiety in animal models. In clinical studies, passion flower, kava, valerian, St John's wort, and ashwagandha showed the most positive results. More studies are needed for the exploration of the anti-anxiety of medicinal plants. In drugs derived from natural sources have explored many components that are playing an essential role in curing anxiety disorders and associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmatullah Khan
- Department of Eastern Medicine, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Drug Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha. China
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad Zakki
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 9300194. Japan
| | - Naveed Munir
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Rida Zainab
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Mojtaba Heydari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Seyed Hamdollah Mosavat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- V.M.Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food System of Russian Academy of Science, Moscow. Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G.Razumovsky Moscow State University of technologies and management (the First Cossack University), Moscow109004. Russian Federation
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Molecular Mechanisms of Leonurus Cardiaca L. Extract Activity in Prevention of Staphylococcal Endocarditis-Study on in Vitro and ex Vivo Models. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183318. [PMID: 31547303 PMCID: PMC6767068 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Better understanding the mechanisms of Leonurus cardiaca L. extract (LCE) activity is necessary to prepare recommendations for the use of LCE-based herbal products for preventive/supportive purposes in case of infective endocarditis (IE) and other staphylococcal invasive infections. The aim of the study was to analyze molecular mechanisms of LCE effect on Staphylococcus aureus and blood platelets in the context of their interactions playing a pivotal role in such disorders. Using atomic force microscopy, we demonstrated that adhesion forces of S. aureus were markedly reduced after exposure to LCE at subinhibitory concentrations. The effect resulted from the impact of LCE on S. aureus cell morphology and the composition of phospholipids and fatty acids in bacterial membranes (assessed by HPLC), which modulated their stabilization, hydrophobicity, and charge. Moreover, using FACS we showed also that LCE significantly reduced GP IIb/IIIa expression on blood platelets, thus the disruption of platelet-fibrinogen interactions seems to explain antiplatelet effect of LCE. The obtained results prove the usefulness of LCE in the prevention of S. aureus adhesion, platelet activation, and vegetations development, however, also pointed out the necessity of excluding the cationic antibiotics from the treatment of S. aureus-associated IE and other invasive diseases, when motherwort herb is used simultaneously as an addition to the daily diet.
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Hepatoprotection of Mentha aquatica L., Lavandula dentata L. and Leonurus cardiaca L. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080267. [PMID: 31382408 PMCID: PMC6719046 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenolic composition of hydroethanolic extracts of Mentha aquatica L., Lavandula dentata L. and Leonurus cardiaca L., obtained from plants grown under organic cultivation, was determined and their hepatoprotective effects were investigated in vitro. L. cardiaca extract was rich in phenylethenoid glycosides, especially lavandolifolioside (254 ± 36 μg/mg), whereas rosmarinic acid and eriodictyol-O-rutinoside were the major phenolic compounds of L. dentata and M. aquatica extracts, accounting for 68 ± 7 μg/mg and 145 ± 22 μg/mg, respectively. These differential phenolic components presumably account for their dissimilar antioxidant properties. While L. cardiaca extract showed moderate biological effects, M. aquatica extract displayed high antioxidant activity in chemical models, and that of L. dentata was effective in counteracting potassium dichromate-induced ROS generation in human hepatocarcinoma cells. Moreover, M. aquatica extract (50 μg/mL) and its mixture (50%/50%) with L. dentata extract displayed an effective cytoprotective effect.
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Leonurus cardiaca L. as a Source of Bioactive Compounds: An Update of the European Medicines Agency Assessment Report (2010). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4303215. [PMID: 31119169 PMCID: PMC6500680 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4303215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Leonurus cardiaca L. (motherwort) is a perennial herb, native to Asia and southeastern Europe, with widespread global occurrence in present days. The plant was historically used as cardiotonic and for treating gynaecological afflictions (such as amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, menopausal anxiety, or postpartum depression). Although its use in oriental and occidental medicine is relatively well documented, the recent progress registered raises the need for an update of the Medicines Agency assessment report on Leonurus cardiaca L., herba (2010). The current study presents the progress made within the 2010-2018 timeframe regarding the potential applications and scientific evidences supporting the traditional use of motherwort, in the same time suggesting future research opportunities.
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Zhang RH, Liu ZK, Yang DS, Zhang XJ, Sun HD, Xiao WL. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Leonurus: The herb to benefit the mothers and more. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 147:167-183. [PMID: 29335190 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants belonging to the genus Leonurus, also named motherwort, are traditionally used for anti-gynecological disorder in East Asia, and for sedative in Europe. Chemical investigation of the genus Leonurus not only enriched the natural products library, but also enlarged the pharmacological application of this traditional herb. In this review, we systematically summarized the structures of 259 compounds isolated from the genus Leonurus, featured with 147 labdane diterpenoids. The reported bioactivity studies up to 2017 are presented in the second part, with the main focus on the isolated compounds and also concerning the extracts. In addition to the traditional uterine contraction and sedative activity, recently the cardiovascular protection effect of leonurine has drawn most attention. Other than that, neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-platelet aggregation and many other activities have been assigned to various compounds from the genus Leonurus. Among 70 bioactivity references cited in this review, 57% of them were concentrated on two alkaloids (leonurine and stachydrine), whereas only 20% are about the 147 diterpenoids. Anti-inflammation is the major bioactivity discovered so far for the labdane diterpenoids from the genus Leonurus, whose further therapeutic potential still remains for exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Da-Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Xing-Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Han-Dong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Wei-Lie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
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