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Rodriguez-Calienes A, Galecio-Castillo M, Vivanco-Suarez J, Mohamed GA, Toth G, Sarraj A, Pujara D, Chowdhury AA, Farooqui M, Ghannam M, Samaniego EA, Jovin TG, Ortega-Gutierrez S. Endovascular thrombectomy beyond 24 hours from last known well: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Neurointerv Surg 2024; 16:670-676. [PMID: 37355251 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2023-020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different studies have demonstrated the benefit of endovascular treatment (EVT) up to 24 hours after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) onset. Recent cohort observational studies suggest that patients with large vessel occlusion AIS may benefit from EVT beyond 24 hours from the last known well (LKW) when adequately selected. We aimed to examine the safety and efficacy of EVT beyond 24 hours from LKW using a meta-analysis of all the literature available. METHODS A systematic search from inception to April 2023 was conducted for studies including AIS patients with EVT beyond 24 hours from LKW in Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Outcomes of interest included favorable functional outcome (90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS) 0-2), successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) 2b-3), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), and 90-day mortality. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS Twelve studies with 894 patients were included. The rate of favorable functional outcome was 40% (95% CI 31% to 49%; I2=76%). The rate of successful reperfusion was 83% (95% CI 80% to 85%; I2=0%). The sICH rate was 7% (95% CI 5% to 9%; I2=0%) and the 90-day mortality rate was 28% (95% CI 24% to 33%; I2=0%). There was no significant difference in favorable outcomes (OR=0.69; 95% CI 0.41 to 1.14) and 90-day mortality (OR=1.35; 95% CI 0.90 to 2.00) among patients who underwent EVT <24 hours versus >24 hours. CONCLUSIONS EVT beyond 24 hours from LKW may achieve favorable clinical outcomes and high reperfusion rates, with acceptable intracranial hemorrhage rates in selected patients. Considering the current certainty of the evidence and heterogenous individual study results, larger prospective trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Rodriguez-Calienes
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Neuroscience, Clinical Effectiveness and Public Health Research Group, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Juan Vivanco-Suarez
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Ghada A Mohamed
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Gabor Toth
- Cerebrovascular Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Amrou Sarraj
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Deep Pujara
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Aj A Chowdhury
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mudassir Farooqui
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Malik Ghannam
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Edgar A Samaniego
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Tudor G Jovin
- Cooper Neurological Institute, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Larcipretti ALL, Gomes FC, Dagostin CS, Nager GB, Udoma-Udofa OC, Pontes JPM, de Oliveira JS, Bannach MDA. Is time really brain in stroke therapy?: A meta-analysis of mechanical thrombectomy up to 155 h post ictus. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2024; 166:195. [PMID: 38668855 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-024-06070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has been established as the gold standard of treatment for patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) who present up to 6 h after the onset of the stroke. Recently, the DEFUSE-3 and DAWN trials established the safety of starting the MT procedure up to 16 and 24 h after the patient was last seen well, respectively. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and functional effects of thrombectomy in individuals with AIS detected at a late stage (> 24 h). MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases were thoroughly searched for research on MT in patients in the extremely late time window after AIS. The primary outcomes were symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage, 90-day mortality, Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) 2b-3, and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-2. RESULTS Our study included fifteen studies involving a total of 1,221 patients who presented with AIS and an extended time window. The primary outcome of interest was the favorable functional outcome, mRS 0-2 at 90 days. The pooled proportion for this outcome was 45% (95% confidence interval 34-58%). Other outcomes included the TICI 2b or 3 (successful recanalization), which was reported in 12 studies and had a 79% incidence in the study population (95% CI 68-87%). Complications included: symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), which revealed an incidence of 7% in the study population (95% CI 5-10%); and 90-day mortality, which reported a 27% incidence (95% CI 24-31%). In addition, we conducted a comparative analysis between endovascular treatment and standard medical therapy. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis provides evidence that supports the need of further randomized and prospective clinical trials to better assess the effectiveness and safety of MT in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriela Borges Nager
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Julia Pereira Muniz Pontes
- Department of Surgical Specialties, Neurosurgery Teaching and Assistance Unit, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Nguyen TQ, Tran MH, Phung HN, Nguyen KV, Tran HTM, Walter S, Hoang DCB, Pham BN, Truong ALT, Tran VT, Nguyen TN, Pham AL, Nguyen HT. Endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke beyond the 24-h time window: Selection by target mismatch profile. Int J Stroke 2024; 19:305-313. [PMID: 37807200 DOI: 10.1177/17474930231208817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) has been established as a promising clinical intervention within a late time window of 6-24 h after symptom onset. Patients with slow progression, however, may still benefit from endovascular treatment beyond the 24-h time window (very late window). AIM The aim of this study is to report insight into the potential clinical benefits of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke beyond 24 h from symptom onset. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on consecutive patients undergoing endovascular treatment for acute anterior circulation LVO ischemic stroke beyond 24 h. Participants were recruited between July 2019 and November 2020. Patients were selected based on the DAWN/DEFUSE 3 criteria (Perfusion-RAPID, iSchemaView) and patients receiving treatment beyond 24 h were compared to a group of patients receiving endovascular treatment between 6 and 24 h after symptom onset. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with functional independence at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2). The secondary outcomes were shift modified Rankin Scale (mRS) analysis and successful reperfusion was defined by thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) 2b-3 on the final procedure. Safety outcomes were symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and death at the 90-day follow-up. Propensity score (PS)-matched analyses were employed to rectify the imbalanced baseline characteristics between the two groups. RESULTS A total of 166 patients were recruited with a median age of 63.0 (56.0-69.0) and 28.9% of all patients were females. Patients in the beyond 24-h group had a longer onset-to-groin time (median = 27.2 vs 14.3 h, p < 0.001) than those in the 6- to 24-h group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (median = 12.0 vs 15.0, p = 0.37), perfusion imaging characteristics (core: median = 11.0 vs 9.0 mL, p = 0.86; mismatch volume: median = 106.0 vs 96.0, p = 0.44; mismatch ratio = 6.46 vs 7.24, p = 0.91), and perfusion-to-groin time (median = 72.5 vs 76.0 min, p = 0.77). No significant differences were noted among patients between the two groups in the primary endpoint functional independence analysis (50.0% vs 46.6%, p = 0.77) and in the safety endpoint analysis: mortality (15.0% vs 11.0%, p = 0.71) or symptomatic hemorrhage (0% vs 3.42%, p > 0.999). In PS-matched analyses, there were no significant differences among patients between the two groups in functional independence (50.0% vs 54.8%, p = 0.74), mortality (16.7% vs 9.68%, p = 0.50), or symptomatic hemorrhage (0% vs 6.45%, p = 0.53). CONCLUSION Endovascular treatment can be performed safely and effectively in LVO patients beyond 24 h from symptom onset when selected by target mismatch profile. The clinical outcome of these patients was comparable to those treated in the 6- to 24-h window. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Quoc Nguyen
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, 115 People's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Mai Hoang Tran
- School of Public Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Hai Ngoc Phung
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Khang Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hang T Minh Tran
- Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Silke Walter
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dinh C Bao Hoang
- Department of Neurology, Tam Anh Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Binh Nguyen Pham
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, 115 People's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Anh Le Tuan Truong
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, 115 People's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vu Thanh Tran
- Department of Neurointervention, 115 People's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thanh N Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - An Le Pham
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Huy-Thang Nguyen
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, 115 People's Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Shaban A, Al Kasab S, Chalhoub RM, Bass E, Maier I, Psychogios MN, Alawieh A, Wolfe SQ, Arthur AS, Dumont TM, Kan P, Kim JT, De Leacy R, Osbun JW, Rai AT, Jabbour P, Park MS, Crosa RJ, Mascitelli JR, Levitt MR, Polifka AJ, Casagrande W, Yoshimura S, Matouk C, Williamson R, Gory B, Mokin M, Fragata I, Romano DG, Chowdhry SA, Moss M, Behme D, Limaye K, Spiotta AM, Samaniego EA. Mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion strokes beyond 24 hours. J Neurointerv Surg 2023; 15:e331-e336. [PMID: 36593118 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2022-019372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent clinical trials have shown that mechanical thrombectomy is superior to medical management for large vessel occlusion for up to 24 hours from onset. Our objective is to examine the safety and efficacy of thrombectomy beyond the standard of care window. METHODS A retrospective review was undertaken of the multicenter Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR). We identified patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion beyond 24 hours. We selected a matched control group from patients who underwent thrombectomy in the 6-24-hour window. We used functional independence at 3 months as our primary outcome measure. RESULTS We identified 121 patients who underwent thrombectomy beyond 24 hours and 1824 in the 6-24-hour window. We selected a 2:1 matched group of patients with thrombectomy 6-24 hours as a comparison group. Patients undergoing thrombectomy beyond 24 hours were less likely to be independent at 90 days (18 (18.8%) vs 73 (34.9%), P=0.005). They had higher odds of mortality at 90 days in the adjusted analysis (OR 2.34, P=0.023). Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and other complications were similar in the two groups. In a multivariate analysis only lower number of attempts was associated with good outcomes (OR 0.27, P=0.022). CONCLUSIONS Mechanical thrombectomy beyond 24 hours appears to be safe and tolerable with no more hemorrhages or complications compared with standard of care thrombectomy. Outcomes and mortality in this time window are worse compared with an earlier time window, but the rates of good outcomes may justify this therapy in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shaban
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Sami Al Kasab
- Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Reda M Chalhoub
- Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Eric Bass
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ilko Maier
- Neurology, University Medicine Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Marios-Nikos Psychogios
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ali Alawieh
- Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Stacey Q Wolfe
- Neurosurgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Adam S Arthur
- Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Institute, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
- Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Travis M Dumont
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona/Arizona Health Science Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Peter Kan
- Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Joon-Tae Kim
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Seol, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Reade De Leacy
- Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NEW YORK, New York, USA
| | - Joshua W Osbun
- Neurosurgery, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ansaar T Rai
- Department of Neurointerventional Radiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Pascal Jabbour
- Neurological surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Min S Park
- Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Justin R Mascitelli
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Michael R Levitt
- Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Adam J Polifka
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Shinichi Yoshimura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Charles Matouk
- Neurosurgery, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Richard Williamson
- Stroke & Cerebrovascular Center, Baptist Medical Center Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Benjamin Gory
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, Lorraine, France
| | - Maxim Mokin
- Neurosurgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Isabel Fragata
- Neuroradiology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniele G Romano
- Policlinico "Santa Maria alle Scotte", Unit of Neuroimaging and Neurointervention Siena, IT, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Mark Moss
- Washington Regional Medical Center, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Daniel Behme
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Kaustubh Limaye
- Neurology, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Alejandro M Spiotta
- Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Edgar A Samaniego
- Neurology, Radiology and Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Wen A, Cao WF, Zhao C, Wu LF, Zhou YL, Xiang ZB, Rao W, Liu SM. Endovascular therapy beyond 24 hours for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion or stenosis in acute ischemic stroke: a retrospective study. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1237661. [PMID: 38125833 PMCID: PMC10731977 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1237661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the clinical and safety outcomes of endovascular treatment (EVT) administered more than 24 h after the onset of symptoms in patients with acute ischemic stroke resulting from anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion or stenosis (AIS-ACLVO/S). Methods We enrolled consecutive AIS-ACLVO/S patients who received EVT in our hospital between January 2019 and February 2022 and divided them into two groups based on the time from AIS onset to EVT: EVT < 24 h group and EVT >24 h group. The successful reperfusion (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction, [mTICI] ≥2b), 90-day modified Rankin Scale score (mRS), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and symptomatic ICH (sICH), as well as mortality, were analyzed in the two groups of patients. Results A total of 239 patients were included in the study, with 214 patients in the EVT < 24 h group (67.8 ± 0.8 years, 126 males) and 25 patients in the EVT > 24 h group (62.80 ± 2.0 years, 22 males). Both groups were similar in terms of hypertension, diabetes history, responsible vessels, and Alberta stroke program early computed tomography scores (p > 0.05). However, the EVT < 24 h group had significantly higher age, history of atrial fibrillation, proportion of patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis, and NIHSS scores before EVT than the EVT > 24 h group. AIS etiology differed between the groups, with more cases of large artery atherosclerosis in the EVT > 24-h group and more cases of cardioembolism in the EVT < 24-h group. Successful reperfusion (mTICI ≥2b), ICH, and sICH were similar between the groups. The 90-day functional independence rate (mRS ≤ 2) was significantly higher in the EVT > 24-h than in the EVT < 24-h group (80% vs. 39.7%, p < 0.001), while the 90-day mortality rate was lower in the EVT > 24-h group (0% vs. 24.8%, p < 0.001). Conclusion In our study, we found that EVT beyond 24 h of symptom onset in patients selected with multimodal MR screening, was associated with high functional independence rates and low mortality. Larger or randomized studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Wen
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-feng Cao
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shangrao Municipal Hospital, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ling-feng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yong-liang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zheng-bing Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Rao
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shi-min Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Lee MA, Hwang BW, Ha SW, Kim JH, Kim HS, Ahn SH. Endovascular Reperfusion Therapy in Minor Stroke with Neurologic Deterioration beyond 24 Hours from Onset. Neurointervention 2023; 18:159-165. [PMID: 37871978 PMCID: PMC10626039 DOI: 10.5469/neuroint.2023.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with minor stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≤5) and large vessel occlusion (LVO) often experience neurological deterioration >24 hours after onset. However, the efficacy of endovascular reperfusion therapy in these patients remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of reperfusion therapy in patients with minor stroke and neurological deterioration >24 hours after onset. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were retrospectively reviewed from patients between January 2019 and April 2022 who met the following criteria: (1) minor stroke and small definitive ischemic lesions at initial visit, (2) onset to neurological deterioration >24 hours, (3) cortical signs, Alberta Stroke Program Early computed tomography (CT) Score >6 points, and large artery occlusion confirmed by CT angiography at neurological deterioration. Efficacy and safety outcomes were based on final thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI), incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and mortality. Outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Good outcome was defined as a mRS of 0, 1, or 2. RESULTS Data from 26 patients (38.4% female, mean age 75.8 years) were analyzed; 18 (69.2%) had a good outcome. A final TICI of 2b or 3 was observed in 24 (92.3%) patients. No other adverse events, including dissection, vasospasm or distal embolization, were observed during the procedures. Hemorrhagic events occurred in 8 patients after the procedure; however, there were no symptomatic ICHs. Good prognostic factors were younger age (P=0.062) and carotid stenting (P=0.025). CONCLUSION Endovascular reperfusion therapy performed in selected patients with minor stroke, LVO, and neurological deterioration >24 hours after stroke onset demonstrated favorable outcomes and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min A Lee
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Byoung Wook Hwang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Ha
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hak Sung Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Ahn
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
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7
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Rodriguez-Calienes A, Hassan AE, Siegler JE, Galecio-Castillo M, Farooqui M, Jumaa MA, Janjua N, Divani AA, Ribo M, Abraham M, Petersen NH, Fifi J, Guerrero WR, Malik AM, Nguyen TN, Sheth S, Yoo AJ, Linares G, Lu Y, Vivanco-Suarez J, Ortega-Gutierrez S. Mechanical thrombectomy beyond 24 hours from last known well in tandem lesions: A multicenter cohort study. Interv Neuroradiol 2023:15910199231196960. [PMID: 37642978 DOI: 10.1177/15910199231196960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While recent studies suggest a benefit of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for the treatment of patients with isolated large vessel occlusions presenting after 24 hours from the last known well (LKW), the effect of MT for acute cervical tandem lesions (TLs) beyond 24 hours remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of MT beyond 24 hours of LKW in patients with TLs. METHODS We conducted a subanalysis study of patients with anterior circulation TL enrolled in a large, multicenter registry between January 2015 and December 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups: MT beyond 24 hours versus MT 0-24-hour window. Outcomes of interest were functional independence (90-day modified Rankin scale 0-2), complete reperfusion (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 3), delta NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), parenchymal hematoma 2 (PH2), in-hospital mortality, and 90-day mortality. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance the groups. RESULTS Overall, 589 participants were included, with 33 treated beyond 24 hours and 556 treated in the 0-24-hour window. After IPTW, we found no significant difference in the rates of achieving functional independence (odds ratio (OR) = 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22-1.16; p = 0.108), complete reperfusion (OR = 1.35; 95% CI 0.60-3.05; p = 0.464), sICH (OR = 1.96; 95% CI 0.37-10.5; p = 0.429), delta NIHSS (β = -3.61; 95% CI -8.11 to 0.87; p = 0.114), PH2 (OR = 1.46; 95% CI 0.29-7.27; p = 0.642), in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.74; 95% CI 0.52-5.86; p = 0.370), or 90-day mortality (OR = 1.37; 95% CI 0.49-3.83; p = 0.544) across both time windows. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that MT appears to benefit patients with TLs beyond 24 hours from LKW. Future prospective studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Rodriguez-Calienes
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Neuroscience, Clinical Effectiveness and Public Health Research Group, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Ameer E Hassan
- Department of Neurology, Valley Baptist Medical Center / University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, USA
| | - James E Siegler
- Cooper Neurological Institute, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | | | - Mudassir Farooqui
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Nazli Janjua
- Asia Pacific Comprehensive Stroke Institute, Pomona Valley Hospital Medical Center, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Afshin A Divani
- Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Marc Ribo
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Abraham
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Nils H Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Johanna Fifi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Waldo R Guerrero
- Department of Neurology and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Amer M Malik
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Thanh N Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sunil Sheth
- Department of Neurology, UT Health McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Albert J Yoo
- Texas Stroke Institute, Dallas-Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | - Yujing Lu
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Juan Vivanco-Suarez
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
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8
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Starikova N, Räty S, Strbian D, Kaiser DPO, Gerber JC, Huo X, Qiu Z, Chen HS, Kaesmacher J, Pallesen LP, Barlinn K, Sun D, Abdalkader M, Nguyen TN, Nagel S, Miao Z, Puetz V. Endovascular Thrombectomy for Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke: An Evolution of Trials. Semin Neurol 2023; 43:397-407. [PMID: 37549693 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The last decade's progress in demonstrating the clinical benefit of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with large vessel occlusion stroke has transformed the paradigm of care for these patients. This review presents the milestones in implementing EVT as standard of care, demonstrates the current state of evidence, provides guidance for identifying the candidate patient for EVT, and highlights unsolved and controversial issues. Ongoing trials investigate broadening of EVT indications for patients who present with large core infarction, adjunctive intra-arterial thrombolysis, medium vessel occlusion, low NIHSS, and tandem occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Starikova
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic of Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine
- TeleHealth Consulting Service, Medical Center "Expert Health," Odessa, Ukraine
| | - Silja Räty
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniel Strbian
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniel P O Kaiser
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Neurovascular Center, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes C Gerber
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Dresden Neurovascular Center, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xiaochuan Huo
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongming Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The 903rd Hospital of The Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lars-Peder Pallesen
- Dresden Neurovascular Center, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kristian Barlinn
- Dresden Neurovascular Center, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dapeng Sun
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mohamad Abdalkader
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thanh N Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Simon Nagel
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Zhongrong Miao
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Volker Puetz
- Dresden Neurovascular Center, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Clinics Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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9
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Kobeissi H, Ghozy S, Adusumilli G, Kadirvel R, Brinjikji W, Rabinstein AA, Kallmes DF. Endovascular Therapy for Stroke Presenting Beyond 24 Hours: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2311768. [PMID: 37140919 PMCID: PMC10160871 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Previous randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have supported the use of endovascular therapy (EVT) in late-window acute ischemic stroke (AIS; 6-24 hours). However, little is known about the use of EVT in very late-window AIS (>24 hours). Objective To examine outcomes following EVT for very late-window AIS. Data Sources A systematic review of the English language literature was conducted using Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed to search for articles published from database inception until December 13, 2022. Study Selection This systematic review and meta-analysis included published studies regarding very late-window AIS treated with EVT. Multiple reviewers screened studies, and an extensive manual search of the references of included articles was performed to identify any missed articles. Of the 1754 initially retrieved studies, 7 published between 2018 and 2023 were ultimately included. Data Extraction and Synthesis Data were extracted independently by multiple authors and evaluated for consensus. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. This study is reported per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guideline, and the protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome of interest was functional independence, as assessed with 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores (0-2). Secondary outcomes included thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) scores (2b-3 or 3), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), 90-day mortality, early neurological improvement (ENI), and early neurological deterioration (END). Frequencies and means were pooled with the corresponding 95% CIs. Results This review included 7 studies involving a total of 569 patients. The mean baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 13.6 (95% CI, 11.9-15.5), and the mean Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score was 7.9 (95% CI, 7.2-8.7). The mean time from last known well and/or onset to puncture was 46.2 hours (95% CI, 32.4-65.9 hours). Frequencies for the primary and secondary outcomes were 32.0% (95% CI, 24.7%-40.2%) for functional independence (90-day mRS scores of 0-2) and 81.9% (95% CI, 78.5%-84.9%) for TICI scores of 2b to 3, 45.3% (95% CI, 36.6%-54.4%) for TICI scores of 3, 6.8% (95% CI, 4.3%-10.7%) for sICH, and 27.2% (95% CI, 22.9%-31.9%) for 90-day mortality. In addition, frequencies were 36.9% (95% CI, 26.4%-48.9%) for ENI and 14.3% (95% CI, 7.1%-26.7%) for END. Conclusions and Relevance In this review, EVT for very late-window AIS was associated with favorable frequencies of 90-day mRS scores of 0 to 2 and TICI scores of 2b to 3 and with low frequencies of 90-day mortality and sICH. These results suggest that EVT may be safe and associated with improved outcomes for very late-window AIS, although RCTs and prospective, comparative studies are needed to determine which patients may benefit from very late intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Kobeissi
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant
| | - Sherief Ghozy
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Ramanathan Kadirvel
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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10
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Liu S, Cao W, Wu L, Wen A, Zhou Y, Xiang Z, Rao W, Yao D. Endovascular treatment over 24 hours after ischemic stroke onset: a single-center retrospective study. Neuroradiology 2023; 65:793-804. [PMID: 36550266 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-022-03105-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke caused by large-vessel obstruction or stenosis (AIS-LVO/S) over 24 h after first AIS symptom recognition (FAISSR). METHODS A total of 33 AIS-LVO/S cases with EVT over 24 h after FAISSR during the period from January 2019 to February 2022 in our hospital were divided into the 90d mRS ≤ 2 group [favorable outcome (FO) group] and 90d mRS > 2 group [unfavorable outcome (UFO) group] and retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS The reperfusion was successfully established with EVT in 97% (32/33) of cases, and most (63.6%, 21/33) had 90d mRS ≤ 2 and only 36.4% (12/33) had 90d mRS > 2. Preoperative DWI-ASPECT and ASITN/SIR scores were significantly higher and NIHSS scores were significantly lower in the FO group than those in the UFO group (P < 0.05). In addition, the FAISSR to exacerbation time, FAISSR to groin puncture time, and FAISSR to reperfusion time were significantly longer, and the groin puncture to reperfusion time was significantly shorter in the FO group than those in the UFO group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the stroke exacerbation to groin puncture time (P > 0.05). The patients with cerebral infarction due to artery dissection had more favorable EVT outcomes, but the patients with posterior cerebral circulation infarction had very poor EVT outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The FAISSR to groin puncture time over 24 h may not be a taboo for EVT and it may be safe and effective for AIS-LVO/S in anterior cerebral circulation, especially with lower preoperative NIHSS scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Liu
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Cao
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingfeng Wu
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - An Wen
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongliang Zhou
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengbing Xiang
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Rao
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyuan Yao
- Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province and Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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