1
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Kadian LK, Arora M, Prasad CP, Pramanik R, Chauhan SS. Signaling pathways and their potential therapeutic utility in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1014-1032. [PMID: 34990001 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a complex gastrointestinal malignancy with an extremely poor outcome. Approximately 80% of cases of this malignancy in Asian countries including India are of squamous cell origin, termed Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC).The five-year survival rate in ESCC patients is less than 20%. Neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (NACRT) followed by surgical resection remains the major therapeutic strategy for patients with operable ESCC. However, resistance to NACRT and local recurrence after initial treatment are the leading cause of dismal outcomes in these patients. Therefore, an alternative strategy to promote response to the therapy and reduce the post-operative disease recurrence is highly needed. At the molecular level, wide variations have been observed in tumor characteristics among different populations, nevertheless, several common molecular features have been identified which orchestrate disease progression and clinical outcome in the malignancy. Therefore, determination of candidate molecular pathways for targeted therapy remains the mainstream idea of focus in ESCC research. In this review, we have discussed the key signaling pathways associated with ESCC, i.e., Notch, Wnt, and Nrf2 pathways, and their crosstalk during disease progression. We further discuss the recent developments of novel agents to target these pathways in the context of targeted cancer therapy. In-depth research of the signaling pathways, gene signatures, and a combinatorial approach may help in discovering targeted therapy for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Kadian
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - C P Prasad
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), Dr. B. R. Ambedkar-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Pramanik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S S Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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2
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Edwards A, Brennan K. Notch Signalling in Breast Development and Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:692173. [PMID: 34295896 PMCID: PMC8290365 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.692173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signalling pathway is a highly conserved developmental signalling pathway, with vital roles in determining cell fate during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Aberrant Notch signalling has been implicated in many disease pathologies, including cancer. In this review, we will outline the mechanism and regulation of the Notch signalling pathway. We will also outline the role Notch signalling plays in normal mammary gland development and how Notch signalling is implicated in breast cancer tumorigenesis and progression. We will cover how Notch signalling controls several different hallmarks of cancer within epithelial cells with sections focussed on its roles in proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. We will provide evidence for Notch signalling in the breast cancer stem cell phenotype, which also has implications for therapy resistance and disease relapse in breast cancer patients. Finally, we will summarise the developments in therapeutic targeting of Notch signalling, and the pros and cons of this approach for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Edwards
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Brennan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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3
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Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review of Conventional and Advanced Therapeutic Strategies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17062078. [PMID: 32245065 PMCID: PMC7143295 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells are deficient in estrogen, progesterone and ERBB2 receptor expression, presenting a particularly challenging therapeutic target due to their highly invasive nature and relatively low response to therapeutics. There is an absence of specific treatment strategies for this tumor subgroup, and hence TNBC is managed with conventional therapeutics, often leading to systemic relapse. In terms of histology and transcription profile these cancers have similarities to BRCA-1-linked breast cancers, and it is hypothesized that BRCA1 pathway is non-functional in this type of breast cancer. In this review article, we discuss the different receptors expressed by TNBC as well as the diversity of different signaling pathways targeted by TNBC therapeutics, for example, Notch, Hedgehog, Wnt/b-Catenin as well as TGF-beta signaling pathways. Additionally, many epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors effectively inhibit the TNBCs, but they face challenges of either resistance to drugs or relapse. The resistance of TNBC to conventional therapeutic agents has helped in the advancement of advanced TNBC therapeutic approaches including hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, as well as nanomedicine-based targeted therapeutics of drugs, miRNA, siRNA, and aptamers, which will also be discussed. Artificial intelligence is another tool that is presented to enhance the diagnosis of TNBC.
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4
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Chammaa M, Malysa A, Redondo C, Jang H, Chen W, Bepler G, Fernandez-Valdivia R. RUMI is a novel negative prognostic marker and therapeutic target in non-small-cell lung cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9548-9562. [PMID: 29953591 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent comprehensive next-generation genome and transcriptome analyses in lung cancer patients, several clinical observations, and compelling evidence from mouse models of lung cancer have uncovered a critical role for Notch signaling in the initiation and progression of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Notably, Rumi is a "protein O-glucosyltransferase" that regulates Notch signaling through O-glucosylation of Notch receptors, and is the only enzymatic regulator whose activity is required for both ligand-dependent and ligand-independent activation of Notch. We have conducted a detailed study on RUMI's involvement in NSCLC development and progression, and have further explored the therapeutic potential of its targeting in NSCLC. We have determined that Rumi is highly expressed in the alveolar and bronchiolar epithelia, including club cells and alveolar type II cells. Remarkably, RUMI maps to the region of chromosome 3q that corresponds to the major signature of neoplastic transformation in NSCLC, and is markedly amplified and overexpressed in NSCLC tumors. Notably, RUMI expression levels are predictive of poor prognosis and survival in NSCLC patients. Our data indicates that RUMI modulates Notch activity in NSCLC cells, and that its silencing dramatically decreases cell proliferation, migration, and survival. RUMI downregulation causes severe cell cycle S-phase arrest, increases genome instability, and induces late apoptotic-nonapoptotic cell death. Our studies demonstrate that RUMI is a novel negative prognostic factor with significant therapeutic potential in NSCLC, which embodies particular relevance especially when considering that, while current Notch inhibitory strategies target only ligand-dependent Notch activation, a large number of NSCLCs are driven by ligand-independent Notch activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Chammaa
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Agnes Malysa
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Carlos Redondo
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Hyejeong Jang
- Biostatistics Core, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Biostatistics Core, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Tumor Biology and Microenvironment Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Gerold Bepler
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Rodrigo Fernandez-Valdivia
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Tumor Biology and Microenvironment Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
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5
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Venkatesh V, Nataraj R, Thangaraj GS, Karthikeyan M, Gnanasekaran A, Kaginelli SB, Kuppanna G, Kallappa CG, Basalingappa KM. Targeting Notch signalling pathway of cancer stem cells. Stem Cell Investig 2018; 5:5. [PMID: 29682512 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2018.02.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been defined as cells within tumor that possess the capacity to self-renew and to cause the heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells that comprise the tumor. CSCs have been increasingly identified in blood cancer, prostate, ovarian, lung, melanoma, pancreatic, colon, brain and many more malignancies. CSCs have slow growth rate and are resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy that lead to the failure of traditional current therapy. Eradicating the CSCs and recurrence, is promising aspect for the cure of cancer. The CSCs like any other stem cells activate the signal transduction pathways that involve the development and tissue homeostasis, which include Notch signaling pathway. The new treatment targets these pathway that control stem-cell replication, survival and differentiation that are under development. Notch inhibitors either single or in combination with chemotherapy drugs have been developed to treat cancer and its recurrence. This approach of targeting signaling pathway of CSCs represents a promising future direction for the therapeutic strategy to cure cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Venkatesh
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, (Deemed to be University), Mysuru, India
| | - Raghu Nataraj
- Division of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, (Deemed to be University), Mysuru, India
| | - Gopenath S Thangaraj
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, (Deemed to be University), Mysuru, India
| | - Murugesan Karthikeyan
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Quest International University Perak, Malaysia
| | - Ashok Gnanasekaran
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Quest International University Perak, Malaysia
| | - Shanmukhappa B Kaginelli
- Division of Medical Physics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, (Deemed to be University), Mysuru, India
| | - Gobianand Kuppanna
- Department of Microbiology, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode. Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kanthesh M Basalingappa
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, (Deemed to be University), Mysuru, India
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6
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Zhang D, Sun T, Yan J, Wang X, Sheng J. Secretory expression of negative regulatory region of human Notch1 in Escherichia coli and preparation of a functional polyclonal antibody. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 65:554-559. [PMID: 29341247 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling is a highly conserved pathway existed in multicellular organisms. It plays roles in normal human body development, human cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. The Notch negative regulatory region (NRR) is critical for Notch signaling, and cleavage at the S2 site in the NRR ultimately leads to the activation of Notch signaling. To study the function of human NRR1, we expressed the recombinant human NRR1 (rhNRR1) domain in Escherichia coli. After purification, rhNRR1 was obtained with approximately 94% purity according to SDS-PAGE analysis. Furthermore, the polyclonal anti-rhNRR1 serum raised by immunizing mouse with the purified rhNRR1 was able to reduce the generation of active form of Notch1 intracellular domain in HeLa cells, which implied the raised antibody could recognize and bind the natural conformation of Notch1 NRR. Preparation of rhNRR1 by this way is convenient, time-consuming, and could be used to the preparation of anti-NRR1 therapeutic antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Agricultural Experiment Station for Tea and Tea Processing of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Agricultural Experiment Station for Tea and Tea Processing of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Agricultural Experiment Station for Tea and Tea Processing of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Agricultural Experiment Station for Tea and Tea Processing of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Agricultural Experiment Station for Tea and Tea Processing of Yunnan, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Tea Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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7
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Lin JW, Wang H. Progress in research of cancer stem cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:2776-2781. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i31.2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are a class of malignant cancer cells characterized by self-renewal, high tumorigenicity, differentiation potential, and drug resistance. They not only retain the characteristics of normal stem cells, but also possess their unique features. The study of cancer stem cells can help us develop new strategies for targeted therapy of cancer. In this paper, we will discuss the definition of cancer stem cells, their surface markers, detection methods, and separation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wang Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liuyang People's Hospital, Liuyang Hospital Affiliated to Changsha Medical University, Liuyang 410300, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liuyang People's Hospital, Liuyang Hospital Affiliated to Changsha Medical University, Liuyang 410300, Hunan Province, China
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8
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Inder S, O'Rourke S, McDermott N, Manecksha R, Finn S, Lynch T, Marignol L. The Notch-3 receptor: A molecular switch to tumorigenesis? Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 60:69-76. [PMID: 28889086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The Notch pathway is a highly conserved pathway increasingly implicated with the progression of human cancers. Of the four existing receptors associated with the pathway, the deregulation in the expression of the Notch-3 receptor is associated with more aggressive disease and poor prognosis. Selective targeting of this receptor has the potential to enhance current anti-cancer treatments. Molecular profiling strategies are increasingly incorporated into clinical decision making. This review aims to evaluate the clinical potential of Notch-3 within this new era of personalised medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Inder
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Urology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead O'Rourke
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh McDermott
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Stephen Finn
- Department of Histopathology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas Lynch
- Department of Urology, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laure Marignol
- Translational Radiobiology and Molecular Oncology, Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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9
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Maqsood A, Khoury T, Kumar P, Papanicolau-Sengos A, Early AP. Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast With Endobronchial Metastases and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion. Clin Breast Cancer 2017; 17:e229-e232. [PMID: 28420584 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anaum Maqsood
- Catholic Health System, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.
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10
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Fundamental Pathways in Breast Cancer 4: Signaling to Chromatin in Breast Development. Breast Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48848-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Kim B, Stephen SL, Hanby AM, Horgan K, Perry SL, Richardson J, Roundhill EA, Valleley EMA, Verghese ET, Williams BJ, Thorne JL, Hughes TA. Chemotherapy induces Notch1-dependent MRP1 up-regulation, inhibition of which sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:634. [PMID: 26362310 PMCID: PMC4567818 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multi-drug Resistance associated Protein-1 (MRP1) can export chemotherapeutics from cancer cells and is implicated in chemoresistance, particularly as is it known to be up-regulated by chemotherapeutics. Our aims in this study were to determine whether activation of Notch signalling is responsible for chemotherapy-induced MRP1 expression Notch in breast cancers, and whether this pathway can be manipulated with an inhibitor of Notch activity. Methods MRP1 and Notch1 were investigated in 29 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer, using immunohistochemistry on matched biopsy (pre-NAC) and surgical samples (post-NAC). Breast epithelial cell cultures (T47D, HB2) were treated with doxorubicin in the presence and absence of functional Notch1, and qPCR, siRNA, Western blots, ELISAs and flow-cytometry were used to establish interactions. Results In clinical samples, Notch1 was activated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Wilcoxon signed-rank p < 0.0001) and this correlated with induction of MRP1 expression (rho = 0.6 p = 0.0008). In breast cell lines, doxorubicin induced MRP1 expression and function (non-linear regression p < 0.004). In the breast cancer line T47D, doxorubicin activated Notch1 and, critically, inhibition of Notch1 activation with the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT abolished the doxorubicin-induced increase in MRP1 expression and function (t-test p < 0.05), resulting in enhanced cellular retention of doxorubicin and increased doxorubicin-induced apoptosis (t-test p = 0.0002). In HB2 cells, an immortal but non-cancer derived breast cell line, Notch1-independent MRP1 induction was noted and DAPT did not enhance doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Conclusions Notch inhibitors may have potential in sensitizing breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutics and therefore in tackling chemoresistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1625-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baek Kim
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Department of Breast Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | | | - Andrew M Hanby
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | - Kieran Horgan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | - Eldo T Verghese
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | - Bethany J Williams
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
| | - James L Thorne
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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12
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Aktas CC, Zeybek ND, Piskin AK. In vitro effects of phenytoin and DAPT on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015. [PMID: 26206582 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) activity enhances cell behaviors related to metastasis, such as motility, invasion, and oncogene expression. Neonatal alternative splice form of Nav1.5 isoform is expressed in metastatic breast cancers. Furthermore, aberrant Notch signaling pathway can induce oncogenesis and may promote the progression of breast cancers. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effect of the nNav1.5 inhibitor phenytoin and Notch signal inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine-t-butyl ester (DAPT) on triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) via inhibition of nNav1.5 VGSC activity and Notch signaling, respectively. In order to determine the individual and combined effects of these inhibitors, the 4-[3-(4-iyodophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulfonate (WST-1) test, wound healing assay, and zymography were performed to detect the proliferation, lateral motility, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) activity, respectively. The expressions of nNav1.5, Notch4, MMP9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP1) were also detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. DAPT caused an antiproliferative effect when the doses were higher than 10 µM, whereas phenytoin showed no inhibitory action either alone or in combination with DAPT on the MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, it was found that the lateral motility was inhibited by both inhibitors; however, this inhibitory effect was partially rescued when they were used in combination. Meanwhile, the results showed that the MMP9 activity and the ratio of MMP9 mRNA to TIMP1 mRNA were only decreased by DAPT. Thus, we conclude that the combined effect of DAPT and phenytoin is not as beneficial as using DAPT alone on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Cakir Aktas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - N Dilara Zeybek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - A Kevser Piskin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
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13
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Previs RA, Coleman RL, Harris AL, Sood AK. Molecular pathways: translational and therapeutic implications of the Notch signaling pathway in cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:955-61. [PMID: 25388163 PMCID: PMC4333206 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Over 100 years have passed since the first observation of the notched wing phenotype in Drosophila melanogaster, and significant progress has been made to characterize the role of the Notch receptor, its ligands, downstream targets, and cross-talk with other signaling pathways. The canonical Notch pathway with four Notch receptors (Notch1-4) and five ligands (DLL1, 3-4, Jagged 1-2) is an evolutionarily conserved cell signaling pathway that plays critical roles in cell-fate determination, differentiation, development, tissue patterning, cell proliferation, and death. In cancer, these roles have a critical impact on tumor behavior and response to therapy. Because the role of Notch remains tissue and context dependent, alterations within this pathway may lead to tumor suppressive or oncogenic phenotypes. Although no FDA-approved therapies currently exist for the Notch pathway, multiple therapeutics (e.g., demcizumab, tarextumab, GSI MK-0752, R04929097, and PF63084014) have been developed to target different aspects of this pathway for both hematologic and solid malignancies. Understanding the context-specific effects of the Notch pathway will be important for individualized therapies targeting this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Previs
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert L Coleman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Adrian L Harris
- The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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14
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Ermert P, Moehle K, Obrecht D. Macrocyclic Inhibitors of GPCR's, Integrins and Protein–Protein Interactions. MACROCYCLES IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782623113-00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This chapter summarizes some highlights of macrocyclic drug discovery in the area of GPCRs, integrins, and protein–protein interactions spanning roughly the last 30 years. Several examples demonstrate that incorporation of pharmacophores derived from natural peptide ligands into the context of a constrained macrocycle (“lock of the bioactive conformation”) has proven a powerful approach for the discovery of potent and selective macrocyclic drugs. In addition, it will be shown that macrocycles, due to their semi-rigid nature, can exhibit unique properties that can be beneficially exploited by medicinal chemists. Macrocycles can adapt their conformation during binding to a flexible protein target surface (“induced fit”), and due to their size, can interact with larger protein interfaces (“hot spots”). Also, macrocycles can display favorable ADME properties well beyond the rule of 5 in particular exhibiting favorable cell penetrating properties and oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ermert
- Polyphor Ltd Hegenheimermattweg 125 CH-4123 Allschwil Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Moehle
- University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Daniel Obrecht
- Polyphor Ltd Hegenheimermattweg 125 CH-4123 Allschwil Switzerland
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Wu WR, Shi XD, Zhang R, Zhu MS, Xu LB, Yu XH, Zeng H, Wang J, Liu C. Clinicopathological significance of aberrant Notch receptors in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:3272-3279. [PMID: 25031748 PMCID: PMC4097216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Notch signaling has been reported to be activated to promote biliary epithelial cell differentiation and tubulogenesis during bile duct development. In this study, clinicopathological significance of aberrant expression of Notch receptors in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) was investigated. Thus, forty-one ICC specimens were examined by immunohistochemistry using anti-Notch1-4 antibodies, respectively. Expression of Notch receptors was scored by percentage of positive tumor cells and intensity of immunostaining. Clinicopathological parameters and survival data were compared with the expression of Notch receptors, respectively. Expression of Notch receptors was identified in cancer cells, as well as in non-neoplastic cells. Compared with adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, Notch1 and 4 were up regulated, and Notch2 and 3 were relatively weaker. Positive immunostaining of Notch1 in ICC cells was detected in 34 cases (82.9%), Notch2 in 23 (56.1%), Notch3 in 16 (39.0%) and Notch4 in 14 (34.1%). Notch1 was overexpressed in cases with tumor size > 5 cm (P = 0.036). Expression of Notch2 was correlated inversely with histological grade (P = 0.016). Overexpression of Notch4 was more common in cases with serum CA125 > 35 U/ml than cases with CA125 ≤ 35 U/ml (P = 0.048). Expression of Notch3 was not correlated with any other clinicopathological parameters. Moreover, Notch4 was related to poor survival (P < 0.001). To conclude, this study reveals that aberrant expression of Notch receptors 1 and 4 might play important roles during ICC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Rui Wu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiang-De Shi
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Man-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei-Bo Xu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xian-Huan Yu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, China
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Wu WR, Zhang R, Shi XD, Zhu MS, Xu LB, Zeng H, Liu C. Notch1 is overexpressed in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and is associated with its proliferation, invasiveness and sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil in vitro. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2515-24. [PMID: 24700253 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway has been reported to play crucial roles in inhibiting hepatocyte differentiation and allowing formation of intrahepatic bile ducts. However, little is known about its significance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Notch1 expression in ICC tissues and cells. The expression of Notch1 was examined in paraffin-embedded sections of ICC (n=44) by immunohistochemistry. Notch1 was knocked down by RNA interference (RNAi) in cultured ICC cells (RBE and HCCC-9810). The proliferation, invasiveness and sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation assays, Transwell assays and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression levels of several multidrug resistance (MDR)-related genes, MDR1-P-glycoprotein (ABCB‑1), breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG‑2) and the multidrug resistance protein isoform 1 (MRP‑1), were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. Notch1 was overexpressed in cell membranes and cytoplasm of ICC compared with the adjacent liver tissue (35/44, 79.5%) and this was more common in cases with tumor size≥5 cm (p=0.021) and HBs-Ag positive (p=0.018). By silencing Notch1, the proliferation and invasiveness of ICC cells were inhibited and the inhibition rate of 5-FU was markedly increased. In addition, IC50 values of 5-FU in RBE cells were decreased from 148.74±0.72 to 5.37±0.28 µg/ml and the corresponding values for HCCC-9810 cells were 326.92±0.87 to 42.60±0.35 µg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, Notch1 silencing clearly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells treated by 5-FU compared with the control. Notch1 knockdown led to diminished expression levels of ABCB‑1 and MRP‑1. Therefore, Notch may play important roles in the development of ICC. Silencing Notch1 can inhibit the proliferation and invasiveness of ICC cells and increase their sensitivity to 5-FU in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Rui Wu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-De Shi
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Man-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Lei-Bo Xu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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