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Ciofiac CM, Mămuleanu M, Florescu LM, Gheonea IA. CT Imaging Patterns in Major Histological Types of Lung Cancer. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:462. [PMID: 38672733 PMCID: PMC11051469 DOI: 10.3390/life14040462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer ranks as the second most prevalent cancer globally and is the primary contributor to neoplastic-related deaths. The approach to its treatment relies on both tumour staging and histological type determination. Data indicate that the prognosis of lung cancer is strongly linked to its clinical stage, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis in enhancing patient outcomes. Consequently, the choice of an appropriate diagnostic method holds significant importance in elevating both the early detection rate and prognosis of lung cancer. This paper aims to assess computer tomography features specific to the most common lung cancer types (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinomas and small cell lung cancer). Data were collected retrospectively from CT scans of 58 patients pathologically diagnosed with lung cancer. The following CT features were evaluated and recorded for each case: location, margins, structure, lymph node involvement, cavitation, vascular bundle-thickening, bronchial obstruction, and pleural involvement. Squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) showed a higher incidence of central location, while adenocarcinoma (ADC) showed a significant predilection for a peripheral location. Internal cavitation was mostly observed in SQCC, and a solid structure was observed in almost all cases of ADC. These features can provide information about the prognosis of the patient, considering that NSCLCs are more frequent but tend to demonstrate positive results for targetable driver mutations, such as EGFR, thereby increasing the overall survival. In addition, SCLC presents with early distant spreads, which limits the opportunity to investigate the evolution of tumorigenesis and gene alterations at early stages but can have a rapidly positively response to chemotherapy. The location of the lung cancer exhibits distinct forecasts, with several studies suggesting that peripheral lung tumours offer a more favourable prognosis. Cavity formation appears correlate with a poorer prognosis. Histopathological analysis is the gold standard for diagnosing the type of lung cancer; however, using CT scanning for the purpose of a rough, but fast, preliminary diagnosis has the potential to shorten the waiting time for treatment by helping clinicians and patients to know more about the diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mădălin Mămuleanu
- Department of Automatic Control and Electronics, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Lucian Mihai Florescu
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.M.F.); (I.A.G.)
| | - Ioana Andreea Gheonea
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (L.M.F.); (I.A.G.)
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Kidane B, Gerard IJ, Spicer J, Kim JO, Fiset PO, Wawryko P, Cecchini MJ, Inculet R, Abdulkarim B, Fortin D, Qiabi M, Qing G, Enns S, Bashir B, Tankel J, Wakeam E, Warner A, Kopek N, Yaremko BP, Rodrigues GB, Laba JM, Qu M, Malthaner RA, Palma DA. Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy before resection to avoid delay for early-stage lung cancer or oligometastases during the COVID-19 pandemic: Pathologic outcomes from the SABR-BRIDGE protocol. Cancer 2023; 129:2798-2807. [PMID: 37221679 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related operating room closures, some multidisciplinary thoracic oncology teams adopted a paradigm of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) as a bridge to surgery, an approach called SABR-BRIDGE. This study presents the preliminary surgical and pathological results. METHODS Eligible participants from four institutions (three in Canada and one in the United States) had early-stage presumed or biopsy-proven lung malignancy that would normally be surgically resected. SABR was delivered using standard institutional guidelines, with surgery >3 months following SABR with standardized pathologic assessment. Pathological complete response (pCR) was defined as absence of viable cancer. Major pathologic response (MPR) was defined as ≤10% viable tissue. RESULTS Seventy-two patients underwent SABR. Most common SABR regimens were 34 Gy/1 (29%, n = 21), 48 Gy/3-4 (26%, n = 19), and 50/55 Gy/5 (22%, n = 16). SABR was well-tolerated, with one grade 5 toxicity (death 10 days after SABR with COVID-19) and five grade 2-3 toxicities. Following SABR, 26 patients underwent resection thus far (13 pending surgery). Median time-to-surgery was 4.5 months post-SABR (range, 2-17.5 months). Surgery was reported as being more difficult because of SABR in 38% (n = 10) of cases. Thirteen patients (50%) had pCR and 19 (73%) had MPR. Rates of pCR trended higher in patients operated on at earlier time points (75% if within 3 months, 50% if 3-6 months, and 33% if ≥6 months; p = .069). In the exploratory best-case scenario analysis, pCR rate does not exceed 82%. CONCLUSIONS The SABR-BRIDGE approach allowed for delivery of treatment during a period of operating room closure and was well-tolerated. Even in the best-case scenario, pCR rate does not exceed 82%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biniam Kidane
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Cancer Care Manitoba Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ian J Gerard
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, McGill University and Cedars Cancer Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Spicer
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julian O Kim
- Cancer Care Manitoba Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pierre O Fiset
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Wawryko
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Matthew J Cecchini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Inculet
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bassam Abdulkarim
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, McGill University and Cedars Cancer Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dalilah Fortin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mehdi Qiabi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gefei Qing
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Stephanie Enns
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Bashir Bashir
- Cancer Care Manitoba Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - James Tankel
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elliot Wakeam
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrew Warner
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neil Kopek
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, McGill University and Cedars Cancer Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brian P Yaremko
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - George B Rodrigues
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanna M Laba
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melody Qu
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard A Malthaner
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David A Palma
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Eisenberg M, Deboever N, Antonoff MB. Salvage surgery in lung cancer following definitive therapies. J Surg Oncol 2023; 127:319-328. [PMID: 36630094 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Salvage surgery refers to operative resection of persistent or recurrent disease in patients initially treated with intention-to-cure nonoperative management. In non-small-cell lung cancer, salvage surgery may be effective in treating selected patients with locally progressive tumors, recurrent local or locoregional disease, or local complications after nonoperative therapy. Importantly, those patients who may be candidates for salvage surgery are evolving, in terms of disease stage as well as the types of attempted definitive therapy received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eisenberg
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nathaniel Deboever
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mara B Antonoff
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Liu F, Yuan Q, Cao X, Zhang J, Cao J, Zhang J, Xia L. Isovitexin Suppresses Stemness of Lung Cancer Stem-Like Cells through Blockage of MnSOD/CaMKII/AMPK Signaling and Glycolysis Inhibition. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9972057. [PMID: 34195288 PMCID: PMC8203360 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9972057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) has been reported to promote stemness of lung cancer stem-like cells (LCSLCs) which had higher glycolytic rates compared with non-CSLCs. Isovitexin exhibited an inhibitory effect on the stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. However, whether isovitexin could inhibit the promotion of stemness of LCSLCs mediated by MnSOD through glycolysis remains unclear. OBJECTIVE Our study was aimed at investigating whether isovitexin inhibits lung cancer stem-like cells (LCSLCs) through MnSOD signaling blockage and glycolysis suppression. METHODS Sphere formation and soft agar assays were conducted to determine self-renewal ability. The migration and invasion of LCSLCs were determined by wound healing and transwell assay. The glycolytic activity was assessed by determination of L-lactate metabolism rate. The influences of isovitexin on MnSOD, CaMKII, and AMPK activations as well as the metabolic shift to glycolysis were determined by manipulating MnSOD expression. RESULTS It was found that MnSOD and glycolysis enhanced simultaneously in LCSLCs compared with parental H460 cells. Overexpression of MnSOD activated CaMKII/AMPK signaling and glycolysis in LCSLCs with increased self-renewal, migration, invasion, and expression of stemness-associated markers in vitro and elevated carcinogenicity in vivo. Knockdown of MnSOD induced an inverse effect in LCSLCs. Isovitexin blocked MnSOD/CaMKII/AMPK signaling axis and suppressed glycolysis in LCSLCs, resulting in inhibition of stemness features in LCSLCs. The knockdown of MnSOD significantly augmented isovitexin-associated inhibition of CaMKII/AMPK signaling, glycolysis, and stemness in LCSLCs. However, the overexpression of MnSOD could attenuate the inhibition of isovitexin on LCSLCs. Importantly, isovitexin notably suppressed tumor growth in nude mice bearing LCSLCs by downregulation of MnSOD expression. CONCLUSION MnSOD promotion of stemness of LCSLCs derived from H460 cell line is involved in the activation of the CaMKII/AMPK pathway and induction of glycolysis. Isovitexin-associated inhibition of stemness in LCSLCs is partly dependent on blockage of the MnSOD/CaMKII/AMPK signaling axis and glycolysis suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Xiaocheng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jinlin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jiansong Zhang
- Department of Preclinical Medicine, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Liqiu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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Ono T, Yamamoto N, Nomoto A, Nakajima M, Isozaki Y, Kasuya G, Ishikawa H, Nemoto K, Tsuji H. Long Term Results of Single-Fraction Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010112. [PMID: 33396455 PMCID: PMC7795673 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There were no reports on long-term results of single-fraction passive carbon-ion radiotherapy in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. We showed that this treatment was not inferior compared to stereotactic body radiotherapy or proton beam therapy with no ≥grade 2 pneumonitis. This study suggests that single-fraction passive carbon-ion radiotherapy can serve as an alternate treatment for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, especially in medically inoperable patients. Abstract Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-fraction carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer, stage T1-2N0M0, and treated with single-fraction CIRT (50Gy (relative biological effectiveness)) between June 2011 and April 2016 were identified in our database and retrospectively analyzed. Toxicity was evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Results: The study included 57 patients, 22 (38.6%) of whom had inoperable cancer. The median age was 75 years (range: 42–94 years), and the median follow-up time was 61 months (range: 6–97 months). The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 91.2% and 81.7%, respectively. All survivors were followed up for more than three years. The 3- and 5-year local control rates were 96.4% and 91.8%, respectively. No case of ≥ grade 2 pneumonitis was recorded. Conclusions: This study suggests that single-fraction CIRT for T1-2N0M0 non-small cell lung cancer patients is feasible and can be considered as one of the treatment choices, especially in medically inoperable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ono
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2, Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-43-206-3181; Fax: +81-43-206-3188
| | - Naoyoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Mio Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Yuka Isozaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Goro Kasuya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Hitoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Kenji Nemoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2, Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
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Role of Surgical Intervention in Unresectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9123881. [PMID: 33260352 PMCID: PMC7760873 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of systemic treatments with high response rates, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, some patients with unresectable lung cancer now have a chance to undergo radical resection after primary treatment. Although there is no general consensus regarding the definition of “unresectable” in lung cancer, the term “resectable” refers to technically resectable and indicates that resection can provide a favorable prognosis to some extent. Unresectable lung cancer is typically represented by stage III and IV disease. Stage III lung cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and in some patients with technically resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), multimodality treatments, including induction chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery, are the treatments of choice. The representative surgical intervention for unresectable stage III/IV NSCLC is salvage surgery, which refers to surgical treatment for local residual/recurrent lesions after definitive non-surgical treatment. Surgical intervention is also used for an oligometastatic stage IV NSCLC. In this review, we highlight the role of surgical intervention in patients with unresectable NSCLC, for whom an initial complete resection is technically difficult. We further describe the history of and new findings on salvage surgery for unresectable NSCLC and surgery for oligometastatic NSCLC.
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Elbanna M, Shiue K, Edwards D, Cerra-Franco A, Agrawal N, Hinton J, Mereniuk T, Huang C, Ryan JL, Smith J, Aaron VD, Burney H, Zang Y, Holmes J, Langer M, Zellars R, Lautenschlaeger T. Impact of Lung Parenchymal-Only Failure on Overall Survival in Early-Stage Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy. Clin Lung Cancer 2020; 22:e342-e359. [PMID: 32736936 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impact of lung parenchymal-only failure on patient survival after stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study population included 481 patients with early-stage NSCLC who were treated with 3- to 5-fraction SABR between 2000 and 2016. The primary study objective was to assess the impact of out-of-field lung parenchymal-only failure (OLPF) on overall survival (OS). RESULTS At a median follow-up of 5.9 years, the median OS was 2.7 years for all patients. Patients with OLPF did not have a significantly different OS compared to patients without failure (P = .0952, median OS 4.1 years with failure vs. 2.6 years never failure). Analysis in a 1:1 propensity score-matched cohort for Karnofsky performance status, comorbidity score, and smoking status showed no differences in OS between patients without failure and those with OLPF (P = .8). In subgroup analyses exploring the impact of time of failure on OS, patients with OLPF 6 months or more after diagnosis did not have significantly different OS compared to those without failure, when accounting for immortal time bias (P = .3, median OS 4.3 years vs. 3.5 years never failure). Only 7 patients in our data set experienced failure within 6 months of treatment, of which only 4 were confirmed to be true failures; therefore, limited data are available in our cohort on the impact of OLPF for ≤ 6 months on OS. CONCLUSION OLPF after SABR for early-stage NSCLC does not appear to adversely affect OS, especially if occurring at least 6 months after SABR. More studies are needed to understand if OLPF within 6 months of SABR is associated with adverse OS. These data are useful when discussing prognosis of lung parenchymal failures after initial SABR.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Elbanna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kevin Shiue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Donna Edwards
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Alberto Cerra-Franco
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Namita Agrawal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Jason Hinton
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Todd Mereniuk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Christina Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Joshua L Ryan
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Jessica Smith
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Vasantha D Aaron
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Heather Burney
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Yong Zang
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Jordan Holmes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Mark Langer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Richard Zellars
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Tim Lautenschlaeger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
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Zhu J, Xu Y, Lu XJ. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy and Ablative Therapies for Solid Tumors: Recent Advances and Clinical Applications. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 18:1533033819830720. [PMID: 30922170 PMCID: PMC6444407 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819830720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,2 The Sparkfire Scientific Research Group of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- 3 Department of Nephrology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Lu
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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