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Lai W, Luo R, Tang Y, Yu Z, Zhou B, Yang Z, Brown J, Hong G. Salidroside directly activates HSC70, revealing a new role for HSC70 in BDNF signalling and neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2619-2640. [PMID: 38488455 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Salidroside, a principal bioactive component of Rhodiola crenulata, is neuroprotective across a wide time window in stroke models. We investigated whether salidroside induced neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia and aimed to identify its primary molecular targets. Rats, subjected to transient 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), received intraperitoneal vehicle or salidroside ± intracerebroventricular HSC70 inhibitor VER155008 or TrkB inhibitor ANA-12 for up to 7 days. MRI, behavioural tests, immunofluorescent staining and western blotting measured effects of salidroside. Reverse virtual docking and enzymatic assays assessed interaction of salidroside with purified recombinant HSC70. Salidroside dose-dependently decreased cerebral infarct volumes and neurological deficits, with maximal effects by 50 mg/kg/day. This dose also improved performance in beam balance and Morris water maze tests. Salidroside significantly increased BrdU+/nestin+, BrdU+/DCX+, BrdU+/NeuN+, BrdU-/NeuN+ and BDNF+ cells in the peri-infarct cortex, with less effect in striatum and no significant effect in the subventricular zone. Salidroside was predicted to bind with HSC70. Salidroside dose-dependently increased HSC70 ATPase and HSC70-dependent luciferase activities, but it did not activate HSP70. HSC70 immunoreactivity concentrated in the peri-infarct cortex and was unchanged by salidroside. However, VER155008 prevented salidroside-dependent increases of neurogenesis, BrdU-/NeuN+ cells and BDNF+ cells in peri-infarct cortex. Salidroside also increased BDNF protein and p-TrkB/TrkB ratio in ischemic brain, changes prevented by VER155008 and ANA-12, respectively. Additionally, ANA-12 blocked salidroside-dependent neurogenesis and increased BrdU-/NeuN+ cells in the peri-infarct cortex. Salidroside directly activates HSC70, thereby stimulating neurogenesis and neuroprotection via BDNF/TrkB signalling after MCAO. Salidroside and similar activators of HSC70 might provide clinical therapies for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Lai
- College of Pharmacology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rui Luo
- College of Pharmacology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuheng Tang
- College of Pharmacology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengshuang Yu
- College of Pharmacology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Binbin Zhou
- College of Pharmacology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zelin Yang
- College of Pharmacology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - John Brown
- College of Pharmacology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guizhu Hong
- College of Pharmacology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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Nagase T, Kin K, Yasuhara T. Targeting Neurogenesis in Seeking Novel Treatments for Ischemic Stroke. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2773. [PMID: 37893146 PMCID: PMC10604112 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The interruption of cerebral blood flow leads to ischemic cell death and results in ischemic stroke. Although ischemic stroke is one of the most important causes of long-term disability and mortality, limited treatments are available for functional recovery. Therefore, extensive research has been conducted to identify novel treatments. Neurogenesis is regarded as a fundamental mechanism of neural plasticity. Therefore, therapeutic strategies targeting neurogenesis are thought to be promising. Basic research has found that therapeutic intervention including cell therapy, rehabilitation, and pharmacotherapy increased neurogenesis and was accompanied by functional recovery after ischemic stroke. In this review, we consolidated the current knowledge of the relationship between neurogenesis and treatment for ischemic stroke. It revealed that many treatments for ischemic stroke, including clinical and preclinical ones, have enhanced brain repair and functional recovery post-stroke along with neurogenesis. However, the intricate mechanisms of neurogenesis and its impact on stroke recovery remain areas of extensive research, with numerous factors and pathways involved. Understanding neurogenesis will lead to more effective stroke treatments, benefiting not only stroke patients but also those with other neurological disorders. Further research is essential to bridge the gap between preclinical discoveries and clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Nagase
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kyohei Kin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takao Yasuhara
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Li T, Xu G, Yi J, Huang Y. Intraoperative Hypothermia Induces Vascular Dysfunction in the CA1 Region of Rat Hippocampus. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12060692. [PMID: 35741578 PMCID: PMC9221322 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraoperative hypothermia is very common and leads to memory decline. The hippocampus is responsible for memory formation. As a functional core area, the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region of the hippocampus contains abundant blood vessels and is susceptible to ischemia. The aim of the study was to explore vascular function and neuronal state in the CA1 region of rats undergoing intraoperative hypothermia. The neuronal morphological change and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) expression were evaluated by haematoxylin-eosin staining and immunofluorescence respectively. Histology and immunohistochemistry were used to assess vascular function. Results showed that intraoperative hypothermia inhibited the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and caused reactive oxygen species accumulation. Additionally, the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells was transformed from contractile to synthetic, showing a decrease in smooth muscle myosin heavy chain and an increase in osteopontin. Ultimately, vascular dysfunction caused neuronal pyknosis in the CA1 region and reduced memory-related Arc expression. In conclusion, neuronal disorder in the CA1 region was caused by intraoperative hypothermia-related vascular dysfunction. This study could provide a novel understanding of the effect of intraoperative hypothermia in the hippocampus, which might identify a new research target and treatment strategy.
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The association of Edaravone with shunt surgery improves behavioral performance, reduces astrocyte reaction and apoptosis, and promotes neuroprotection in young hydrocephalic rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 119:102059. [PMID: 34896559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effect of Edaravone in young hydrocephalic rats associated with a CSF derivation system was evaluated. The drug has already been shown to be beneficial in experimental hydrocephalus, but the combination of this drug with shunt surgery has not yet been investigated. Fifty-seven-day-old Wistar rats submitted to hydrocephalus by injection of kaolin in the cisterna magna were used and divided into five groups: control (n = 10), hydrocephalic (n = 10), hydrocephalic treated with Edaravone (20 mg/kg/day) (n = 10), hydrocephalic treated with shunt (n = 10) and hydrocephalic treated with shunt and Edaravone (n = 10). Administration of the Edaravone was started 24 h after hydrocephalus induction (P1) and continued until the experimental endpoint (P21). The CSF shunt surgery was performed seven days after hydrocephalus induction (P7). Open-field tests, histological evaluation by hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemistry by Caspase-3 and GFAP, and ELISA biochemistry by GFAP were performed. Edaravone reduced reactive astrogliosis in the corpus callosum and germinal matrix (p < 0.05). When used alone or associated with CSF shunt surgery, the drug decreased the cell death process (p < 0.0001) and improved the morphological aspect of the astroglia (p < 0.05). The results showed that Edaravone associated with CSF bypass surgery promotes neuroprotection in young hydrocephalic rats by reducing reactive astrogliosis and decreasing cell death.
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Wang K, Wang Y, Zhang H, Li X, Han W. A review of the synthesis of nitric oxide donor and donor derivatives with pharmacological activities. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:873-883. [PMID: 33845741 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210412161801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is an important effector molecule and signal transduction molecule, which participates in the regulation of multiple functions in organisms, involving a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially playing a very important role in the cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. NO is a gaseous substance with a short half-life in the body and is unstable in aqueous solutions. Therefore, many researchers focus on the release and activity of NO donors and their derivatives. However, NO donors can release free NO or NO analogues under physiological conditions to meet the human need. NO donors can be coupled with the corresponding active basic nucleus, so that they have the biological activity derived from both the basic nucleus and the NO donors, thus performing better bioactivity. This paper reviewed the routes of synthesis and advance activities of NO donor derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Hualin Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Xintong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
| | - Weina Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin,150081. China
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Bonato JM, Meyer E, de Mendonça PSB, Milani H, Prickaerts J, Weffort de Oliveira RM. Roflumilast protects against spatial memory impairments and exerts anti-inflammatory effects after transient global cerebral ischemia. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:1171-1188. [PMID: 33340424 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors have been shown to present beneficial effects in cerebral ischemic injury because of their ability to improve cognition and target different phases and mechanisms of cerebral ischemia, including apoptosis, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. The present study investigated whether repeated treatment with the PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast rescued memory loss and attenuated neuroinflammation in rats following transient global cerebral ischemia (TGCI). TGCI caused memory impairments, neuronal loss (reflected by Neuronal nuclei (NeuN) immunoreactivity), and compensatory neurogenesis (reflected by doublecortin (DCX) immunoreactivity) in the hippocampus. Also, increases in the protein expression of the phosphorylated response element-binding protein (pCREB) and inflammatory markers such as the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), were detected in the hippocampus in TGCI rats. Repeated treatment with roflumilast (0.003 and 0.01 mg/kg) prevented spatial memory deficits without promoting hippocampal protection in ischemic animals. Roflumilast increased the levels of pCREB, arginase-1, interleukin (IL) 4, and IL-10 in the hippocampus 21 days after TGCI. These data suggest a protective effect of roflumilast against functional sequelae of cerebral ischemia, which might be related to its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica M Bonato
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Erika Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Humberto Milani
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Jos Prickaerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Jiang Q, Geng X, Warren J, Eugene Paul Cosky E, Kaura S, Stone C, Li F, Ding Y. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) Mediates NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent-Pyroptotic and Apoptotic Cell Death Following Ischemic Stroke. Neuroscience 2020; 448:126-139. [PMID: 32976985 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability. Recent evidence suggests that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), a transcription factor that regulates oxygen levels, plays a key role in neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke. Accordingly, we investigated the mechanism of HIF-1α on pyroptotic and apoptotic cells during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Adult Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The rats were then exposed to 6 or 24 h of reperfusion, with or without YC-1 (HIF-1α inhibitor, 5 mg/kg). Infarct volumes, along with mRNA and protein quantities of HIF-1α, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, Caspase-1, and co-localization of HIF-1α, and NLRP3, were assessed. We measured apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death, gasdermin D (GSDMD) activation and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages after ischemic stroke. HIF-1α mRNA and NLRP3 inflammasome components were increased after 24 h of reperfusion. YC-1 significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, and caspase-1; significantly decreased infarction and pyroptotic cell death after 24 h of reperfusion; attenuated the neuroinflammatory response by reducing infiltration of CD68- and MPO-positive cells after 24 h of reperfusion; and reduced apoptotic cell death following ischemic stroke. We found that HIF-1α likely regulates inflammatory responses through the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, thus influencing both apoptotic and pyroptotic cell death after stroke. These findings suggest that future investigations are needed regarding HIF-1α and its role as a potential molecular target in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Jonathan Warren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Shawn Kaura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christopher Stone
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Fengwu Li
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Research & Development Center, John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Chen JL, Wang XX, Chen L, Tang J, Xia YF, Qian K, Qin ZH, Waeber C, Sheng R. A sphingosine kinase 2-mimicking TAT-peptide protects neurons against ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating BNIP3-mediated mitophagy. Neuropharmacology 2020; 181:108326. [PMID: 32966847 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that sphingosine kinase 2 (SPK2) interacts with Bcl-2 via its BH3 domain, activating autophagy by inducing the dissociation of Beclin-1/Bcl-2 complexes, and that a TAT-SPK2 peptide containing the BH3 domain of SPK2 protects neurons against ischemic injury. The goals of the present study were to establish the functional significance of these findings, by testing whether TAT-SPK2 was effective in a mouse model of ischemic stroke, and to explore potential underlying mechanisms. Mice were administered with TAT-SPK2 by intraperitoneal injection before or after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Infarct volume, neurological deficit and brain water content were assessed 24 h after reperfusion. Mitophagy inhibitor Mdivi-1 and BNIP3 siRNAs were used to examine the involvement of BNIP3-dependent mitophagy in the neuroprotection of TAT-SPK2. Mitophagy was quantified by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. The interaction between TAT-SPK2 and Bcl-2, Bcl-2 and BNIP3 was detected by co-immunoprecipitation. In the tMCAO model, pre-treatment with TAT-SPK2 significantly reduced infarct volume, improved neurological function and decreased brain edema. Neuroprotection by TAT-SPK2 was still seen when the peptide was administered 3 h after reperfusion. TAT-SPK2 also significantly improved functional recovery and reduced long-term brain atrophy of the ischemic hemisphere 30 days after administration. Our studies further showed that TAT-SPK2 directly binds to Bcl-2 and disrupts Bcl-2/Beclin-1 or Bcl-2/BNIP3 complexes to induce mitophagy. These results suggest that TAT-SPK2 protects neurons against ischemia reperfusion injury by activating BNIP3-mediated mitophagy. Agents exploiting this molecular mechanism are potential candidates for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun-Fei Xia
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ke Qian
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Christian Waeber
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Casas AI, Nogales C, Mucke HAM, Petraina A, Cuadrado A, Rojo AI, Ghezzi P, Jaquet V, Augsburger F, Dufrasne F, Soubhye J, Deshwal S, Di Sante M, Kaludercic N, Di Lisa F, Schmidt HHHW. On the Clinical Pharmacology of Reactive Oxygen Species. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:801-828. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.120.019422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Yu H, Wu Z, Wang X, Gao C, Liu R, Kang F, Dai M. Protective effects of combined treatment with mild hypothermia and edaravone against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via oxidative stress and Nrf2 pathway regulation. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:500-508. [PMID: 32626935 PMCID: PMC7307586 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild hypothermia (MH) and edaravone (EDA) exert neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. However, whether MH and EDA exert synergistic effects against cerebral I/R injury remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of action of MH in combination with EDA in cerebral I/R injury. A rat cerebral I/R injury model was constructed by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion, and the mice were treated by MH, EDA or the inhibitor of the Nrf2 signaling pathway brusatol (Bru). It was observed that mice treated by MCAO had higher neurological deficit scores and oxidative stress levels, and low spatial learning and memory capacity; moreover, the CA1 region of the hippocampi of the mice exhibited reduced neuronal density and viability, and reduced mitochondrial dysfunction. However, MH in combination with EDA reversed the effects of MCAO, which were blocked by Bru injection. The levels of glutathione (GSH), GSH peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase in rat ischemic hemisphere tissues were reduced by Bru. Western blotting demonstrated that the combined treatment with MH and EDA promoted the nuclear localization of Nrf2, and increased the levels of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase and heme oxygenase (HO)-1. In conclusion, MH combined with EDA exerted synergistic neuroprotective effects against cerebral I/R injury involving changes in the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Zhidian Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Chang Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Run Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Fuxin Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Dai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
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Lei S, Lu P, Lu Y, Zheng J, Li W, Wang N, Zhang H, Li R, Wang K, Wen J, Wei H, Zhang Y, Qiu Z, Xu J, Lv H, Chen X, Liu Y, Zhang P. Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Neurogenesis Damage Following Neonatal Midazolam Exposure in Rats through JNK and P38 MAPK Pathways. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:579-591. [PMID: 31999428 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Midazolam, a widely used anesthetic, inhibits proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and induces neuroapoptosis in neonates. Dexmedetomidine, an effective auxiliary medicine in clinical anesthesia, protects the developing brain against volatile anesthetic-induced neuroapoptosis. Whether dexmedetomidine protects against neurogenesis damage induced by midazolam remains unknown. This study aims to clarify the protective effect of dexmedetomidine on midazolam-induced neurogenesis damage and explore its potential mechanism. Postnatal 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and cultured NSCs were treated with either normal saline, midazolam, or dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam. The rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, and 7 days after treatment. Cell proliferation was assessed by 5-bromodeoxyurdine (BrdU) incorporation. Cell viability was determined using MTT assay. Cell differentiation and apoptosis were detected by immunofluorescent staining and terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), respectively. The protein levels of p-JNK, p-P38, and cleaved caspase-3 were quantified using Western blotting. Midazolam decreased cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis in the subventricular zone (SVZ), the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus, and cultured NSCs. Moreover, midazolam decreased cell viability and increased the expression of p-JNK and p-P38 in cultured NSCs. Co-treatment with dexmedetomidine attenuated midazolam-induced changes in cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis, and protein expression of p-JNK and p-P38 in cultured NSCs. Midazolam and dexmedetomidine did not affect the differentiation of the cultured NSCs. These results indicate that dexmedetomidine alleviated midazolam-induced neurogenesis damage via JNK and P38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Pan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Weisong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Jieqiong Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Haidong Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Zhengguo Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Haixia Lv
- Institute of Neurobiology, National Key Academic Subject of Physiology of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710016, China
| | - Xinlin Chen
- Institute of Neurobiology, National Key Academic Subject of Physiology of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710016, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of Neurobiology, National Key Academic Subject of Physiology of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710016, China
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
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Zhang M, Teng CH, Wu FF, Ge LY, Xiao J, Zhang HY, Chen DQ. Edaravone attenuates traumatic brain injury through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative modulation. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:467-474. [PMID: 31281440 PMCID: PMC6580098 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the leading causes of irreversible neurological damage and death worldwide. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether edaravone (EDA) had a neuroprotective effect on TBI as well as to identify the potential mechanism. Results demonstrated that EDA suppressed inflammatory and oxidative responses in mice following TBI. This was evidenced by a reduction in glutathione peroxidase, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-α and hydrogen peroxide levels, in addition to an increase in hemeoxygenase-1, quinone oxidoreductase 1 and superoxide dismutase levels, thereby mitigating neurofunctional deficits, cell apoptosis and structural damage. EDA prevented the transfer of NF-κB protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, whilst promoting the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein in mice following TBI. These results indicated that EDA exerted neuroprotective effects, including impeding neurofunctional deficits, cell apoptosis and structural damage, in mice with TBI, potentially via suppression of NF-κB-mediated inflammatory activation and promotion of the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Huai Teng
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Yun Ge
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Da-Qing Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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Jiang Q, Stone CR, Geng X, Ding Y. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α and RIP3 triggers NLRP3 inflammasome in ischemic stroke. Brain Circ 2018; 4:191-192. [PMID: 30693347 PMCID: PMC6329214 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_35_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Christopher R Stone
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Xiaokun Geng
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Neurology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Edaravone Improves Septic Cardiac Function by Inducing an HIF-1 α/HO-1 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5216383. [PMID: 29765498 PMCID: PMC5885492 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5216383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Septic myocardial dysfunction remains prevalent and raises mortality rate in patients with sepsis. During sepsis, tissues undergo tremendous oxidative stress which contributes critically to organ dysfunction. Edaravone, a potent radical scavenger, has been proved beneficial in ischemic injuries involving hypoxia-inducible factor- (HIF-) 1, a key regulator of a prominent antioxidative protein heme oxygenase- (HO-) 1. However, its effect in septic myocardial dysfunction remains unclarified. We hypothesized that edaravone may prevent septic myocardial dysfunction by inducing the HIF-1/HO-1 pathway. Rats were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) with or without edaravone infusion at three doses (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg, resp.) before CLP and intraperitoneal injection of the HIF-1α antagonist, ME (15 mg/kg), after CLP. After CLP, rats had cardiac dysfunction, which was associated with deformed myocardium, augmented lipid peroxidation, and increased myocardial apoptosis and inflammation, along with decreased activities of catalase, HIF-1α, and HO-1 in the myocardium. Edaravone pretreatment dose-dependently reversed the changes, of which high dose most effectively improved cardiac function and survival rate of septic rats. However, inhibition of HIF-1α by ME demolished the beneficial effects of edaravone at high dose, reducing the survival rate of the septic rats without treatments. Taken together, edaravone, by inducing the HIF-1α/HO-1 pathway, suppressed oxidative stress and protected the heart against septic myocardial injury and dysfunction.
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Liu Z, Yang C, Meng X, Li Z, Lv C, Cao P. Neuroprotection of edaravone on the hippocampus of kainate-induced epilepsy rats through Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Neurochem Int 2018; 112:159-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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de Oliveira JN, Reis LO, Ferreira EDF, Godinho J, Bacarin CC, Soares LM, de Oliveira RMW, Milani H. Postischemic fish oil treatment confers task-dependent memory recovery. Physiol Behav 2017; 177:196-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Yang XS, Yi TL, Zhang S, Xu ZW, Yu ZQ, Sun HT, Yang C, Tu Y, Cheng SX. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha is involved in RIP-induced necroptosis caused by in vitro and in vivo ischemic brain injury. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5818. [PMID: 28724891 PMCID: PMC5517428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis, a novel type of programmed cell death, is involved in stroke-induced ischemic brain injury. Although studies have sought to explore the mechanisms of necroptosis, its signaling pathway has not yet to be completely elucidated. Thus, we used oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models mimicking ischemic stroke (IS) conditions to investigate mechanisms of necroptosis. We found that OGD and MCAO induced cell death, local brain ischemia and neurological deficit, while zVAD-fmk (zVAD, an apoptotic inhibitor), GSK’872 (a receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) inhibitor), and combined treatment alleviated cell death and ischemic brain injury. Moreover, OGD and MCAO upregulated protein expression of the triggers of necroptosis: receptor interacting protein kinase-1 (RIP1), RIP3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). The upregulation of these proteins was inhibited by GSK’872, combination treatments and RIP3 siRNA but not zVAD treatment. Intriguingly, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), an important transcriptional factor under hypoxic conditions, was upregulated by OGD and MCAO. Similar to their inhibitory effects on aforementioned proteins upregulation, GSK’872, combination treatments and RIP3 siRNA decreased HIF-1α protein level. These findings indicate that necroptosis contributes to ischemic brain injury induced by OGD and MCAO and implicate HIF-1α, RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL in necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Sa Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (PAP), No. 220 ChengLin Road, HeDong District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Tai-Long Yi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (PAP), No. 220 ChengLin Road, HeDong District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (PAP), No. 220 ChengLin Road, HeDong District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Xu
- Central Laboratory of Logistics University of PAP, No. 1 Huizhi Huan Road, DongLi District, Tianjin, 300393, China
| | - Ze-Qi Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (PAP), No. 220 ChengLin Road, HeDong District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Hong-Tao Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (PAP), No. 220 ChengLin Road, HeDong District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (PAP), No. 220 ChengLin Road, HeDong District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yue Tu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (PAP), No. 220 ChengLin Road, HeDong District, Tianjin, 300162, China.
| | - Shi-Xiang Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neuroscience, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery of Affiliated Hospital of the Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force (PAP), No. 220 ChengLin Road, HeDong District, Tianjin, 300162, China.
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Marei HE, Elnegiry AA, Zaghloul A, Althani A, Afifi N, Abd-Elmaksoud A, Farag A, Lashen S, Rezk S, Shouman Z, Cenciarelli C, Hasan A. Nanotubes impregnated human olfactory bulb neural stem cells promote neuronal differentiation in Trimethyltin-induced neurodegeneration rat model. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3586-3597. [PMID: 28121007 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent self-renewing cells that could be used in cellular-based therapy for a wide variety of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's diseases (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Being multipotent in nature, they are practically capable of giving rise to major cell types of the nervous tissue including neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. This is in marked contrast to neural progenitor cells which are committed to a specific lineage fate. In previous studies, we have demonstrated the ability of NSCs isolated from human olfactory bulb (OB) to survive, proliferate, differentiate, and restore cognitive and motor deficits associated with AD, and PD rat models, respectively. The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to enhance the survivability and differentiation potential of NSCs following their in vivo engraftment have been recently suggested. Here, in order to assess the ability of CNTs to enhance the therapeutic potential of human OBNSCs for restoring cognitive deficits and neurodegenerative lesions, we co-engrafted CNTs and human OBNSCs in TMT-neurodegeneration rat model. The present study revealed that engrafted human OBNSCS-CNTs restored cognitive deficits, and neurodegenerative changes associated with TMT-induced rat neurodegeneration model. Moreover, the CNTs seemed to provide a support for engrafted OBNSCs, with increasing their tendency to differentiate into neurons rather than into glia cells. The present study indicate the marked ability of CNTs to enhance the therapeutic potential of human OBNSCs which qualify this novel therapeutic paradigm as a promising candidate for cell-based therapy of different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany E Marei
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed A Elnegiry
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Adel Zaghloul
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asma Althani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ahmed Abd-Elmaksoud
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amany Farag
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samah Lashen
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shymaa Rezk
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Zeinab Shouman
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Fucoxanthin provides neuroprotection in models of traumatic brain injury via the Nrf2-ARE and Nrf2-autophagy pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46763. [PMID: 28429775 PMCID: PMC5399453 DOI: 10.1038/srep46763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is abundant in seaweed and is considered as a powerful antioxidant. It has been proposed to possess anti-cancer, anti-obesity and anti-diabetes effects. However, its roles in brain injury models have not been fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the neuroprotection of fucoxanthin in models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant-response element (ARE) and Nrf2-autophagy pathways in the putative neuroprotection. We found that fucoxanthin alleviated TBI-induced secondary brain injury, including neurological deficits, cerebral edema, brain lesion and neuronal apoptosis. Moreover, the up-regulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were reversed by fucoxanthin treatment. Furthermore, our in vitro studies demonstrated that fucoxanthin increased the neuron survival and reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. In addition, fucoxanthin activated the Nrf2-ARE pathway and autophagy both in vivo and in vitro, which was proven by the results of immunohistochemistry, western blot and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). However, fucoxanthin failed to provide neuroprotection and activated autophagy following TBI in Nrf2−/− mice. In conclusion, our studies indicated that fucoxanthin provided neuroprotective effects in models of TBI, potentially via regulation of the Nrf2-ARE and Nrf2-autophagy pathways.
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Mori MA, Meyer E, Soares LM, Milani H, Guimarães FS, de Oliveira RMW. Cannabidiol reduces neuroinflammation and promotes neuroplasticity and functional recovery after brain ischemia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 75:94-105. [PMID: 27889412 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotomimetic phytochemical present in Cannabis sativa, on the cognitive and emotional impairments induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) in mice. Using a multi-tiered behavioral testing battery during 21days, we found that BCCAO mice exhibited long-lasting functional deficits reflected by increase in anxiety-like behavior (day 9), memory impairments (days 12-18) and despair-like behavior (day 21). Short-term CBD 10mg/kg treatment prevented the cognitive and emotional impairments, attenuated hippocampal neurodegeneration and white matter (WM) injury, and reduced glial response that were induced by BCCAO. In addition, ischemic mice treated with CBD exhibited an increase in the hippocampal brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein levels. CBD also stimulated neurogenesis and promoted dendritic restructuring in the hippocampus of BCCAO animals. Collectively, the present results demonstrate that short-term CBD treatment results in global functional recovery in ischemic mice and impacts multiple and distinct targets involved in the pathophysiology of brain ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurélio Mori
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Erika Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ligia Mendes Soares
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Humberto Milani
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Francisco Silveira Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 14015-000 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rúbia Maria Weffort de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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Daulatzai MA. Cerebral hypoperfusion and glucose hypometabolism: Key pathophysiological modulators promote neurodegeneration, cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci Res 2016; 95:943-972. [PMID: 27350397 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aging, hypertension, diabetes, hypoxia/obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), obesity, vitamin B12/folate deficiency, depression, and traumatic brain injury synergistically promote diverse pathological mechanisms including cerebral hypoperfusion and glucose hypometabolism. These risk factors trigger neuroinflammation and oxidative-nitrosative stress that in turn decrease nitric oxide and enhance endothelin, Amyloid-β deposition, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and blood-brain barrier disruption. Proinflammatory cytokines, endothelin-1, and oxidative-nitrosative stress trigger several pathological feedforward and feedback loops. These upstream factors persist in the brain for decades, upregulating amyloid and tau, before the cognitive decline. These cascades lead to neuronal Ca2+ increase, neurodegeneration, cognitive/memory decline, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, strategies are available to attenuate cerebral hypoperfusion and glucose hypometabolism and ameliorate cognitive decline. AD is the leading cause of dementia among the elderly. There is significant evidence that pathways involving inflammation and oxidative-nitrosative stress (ONS) play a key pathophysiological role in promoting cognitive dysfunction. Aging and several comorbid conditions mentioned above promote diverse pathologies. These include inflammation, ONS, hypoperfusion, and hypometabolism in the brain. In AD, chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and glucose hypometabolism precede decades before the cognitive decline. These comorbid disease conditions may share and synergistically activate these pathophysiological pathways. Inflammation upregulates cerebrovascular pathology through proinflammatory cytokines, endothelin-1, and nitric oxide (NO). Inflammation-triggered ONS promotes long-term damage involving fatty acids, proteins, DNA, and mitochondria; these amplify and perpetuate several feedforward and feedback pathological loops. The latter includes dysfunctional energy metabolism (compromised mitochondrial ATP production), amyloid-β generation, endothelial dysfunction, and blood-brain-barrier disruption. These lead to decreased cerebral blood flow and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion- that would modulate metabolic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. In essence, hypoperfusion deprives the brain from its two paramount trophic substances, viz., oxygen and nutrients. Consequently, the brain suffers from synaptic dysfunction and neuronal degeneration/loss, leading to both gray and white matter atrophy, cognitive dysfunction, and AD. This Review underscores the importance of treating the above-mentioned comorbid disease conditions to attenuate inflammation and ONS and ameliorate decreased cerebral blood flow and hypometabolism. Additionally, several strategies are described here to control chronic hypoperfusion of the brain and enhance cognition. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mak Adam Daulatzai
- Sleep Disorders Group, EEE Dept/MSE, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Soares LM, De Vry J, Steinbusch HW, Milani H, Prickaerts J, Weffort de Oliveira RM. Rolipram improves cognition, reduces anxiety- and despair-like behaviors and impacts hippocampal neuroplasticity after transient global cerebral ischemia. Neuroscience 2016; 326:69-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zheng Y, Zhao Y, Luo Q, Liu X, Liu X, Hu Y, Zou L. Edaravone protects against cobalt chloride-induced dysfunctions in apoptosis and invasion in trophoblast cells. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:576-87. [PMID: 27128210 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YanFang Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Union Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Union Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - QingQing Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Union Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - XiaoXia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Union Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - XiaoPing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Union Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Union Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei Province China
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Union Hospital; Tongji Medical College; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei Province China
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Oruc S, Gönül Y, Tunay K, Oruc OA, Bozkurt MF, Karavelioğlu E, Bağcıoğlu E, Coşkun KS, Celik S. The antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of crocin pretreatment on global cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury induced by four vessels occlusion in rats. Life Sci 2016; 154:79-86. [PMID: 27117584 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cerebral ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is a process in which oxidative and apoptotic mechanisms play a part. Neuroprotective agents to be found could work out well for the efficient and safe minimization of cerebral IR injury. Crocin is a strong antioxidant agent; however the influence of this agent on the experimental cerebral ischemia model has not been studied extensively and thus it is not well-known. The objective of our study was to investigate the antioxidant, antiapoptotic and protective effects of crocin on the global cerebral IR induced by four-vessel occlusion. MAIN METHODS A total of 30 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were equally and randomly separated into three groups as follows: sham, IR and IR+crocin (40mg/kg/day orally for 10days). 24h after electrocauterization of bilateral vertebral arteries, bilateral common carotid arteries were occluded for 30min and reperfused for 30min. Oxidative stress parameters (TAS, TOS, OSI), haematoxylin and eosin staining, caspase-3 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) expressions and TUNEL methods were investigated. KEY FINDINGS There was a significant difference between the IR and sham groups by means of OSI level, histopathological scoring, caspase-3, HIF-1α and TUNEL-positive cell parameters. We have also observed that pre-treatment with crocin reduced these parameter levels back to the baseline. SIGNIFICANCE The data obtained from the present study suggest that crocin may exert antiapoptotic, antioxidant and protective effects in IR-mediated brain injury induced by four-vessel occlusion. To the best of our knowledge, this would be the first study to be conducted in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Oruc
- Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Yücel Gönül
- Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Kamil Tunay
- Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Oya Akpinar Oruc
- Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Bozkurt
- Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ergün Karavelioğlu
- Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Erman Bağcıoğlu
- Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Kerem Senol Coşkun
- Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Sefa Celik
- Afyon Kocatepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Zhang Z, Ma W, Wang L, Gong H, Tian Y, Zhang J, Liu J, Lu H, Chen X, Liu Y. Activation of Type 4 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Death of Neural Stem Cells with Inhibition of JNK and p38 MAPK Signaling. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2709-22. [PMID: 26176363 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting both endogenous and exogenous neural stem cells' (NSCs) survival in the hostile host environments is essential to cell replacement therapy for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Type 4 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR4), one of the members of mGluRs, has been shown to protect neurons from acute and chronic excitotoxic insults in various brain damages. The present study investigated the preventive effects of mGluR4 on NSC injury induced by oxidative stress. Under challenge with H2O2, loss of cell viability was observed in cultured rat NSCs, and treatment with selective mGluR4 agonist VU0155041 conferred protective effects against the loss of cellular viability in a concentration-dependent manner, as shown by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Pretreatment of VU0155041 (30 μM) also inhibited the excessive NSC death induced by H2O2, and group III mGluRs antagonist (RS)-a-methylserine-O-phosphate (MSOP) or gene-targeted knockdown abolished the protective action of mGluR4, indicated by propidium iodide-Hoechst and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Western blot assay demonstrated that mGluR4 activation reversed the decreased procaspase-8/9/3and the destructed Bcl-2/Bax expressing balance, and likewise, MSOP and mGluR4 knockdown abrogated the action of mGluR4 activity. Furthermore, inhibition of JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were observed after mGluR4 activation, and as paralleling control, JNK-specific inhibitor SP600125 and p38-specific inhibitor SB203580 significantly rescued the H2O2-mediated NSC apoptosis and cleavage of procaspase-3. We suggest that activation of mGluR4 prevents oxidative stress-induced NSC death and apoptotic-associated protein activities with involvement of inhibiting the JNK and p38 pathways in cell culture. Our findings may help to develop strategies for enhancing the resided and transplanted NSC survival after oxidative stress insult of CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhang
- 1 Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Ma
- 1 Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanshi Gong
- 1 Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yumei Tian
- 3 Xi'an Mental Health Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianshui Zhang
- 1 Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- 1 Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haixia Lu
- 1 Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinlin Chen
- 1 Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Liu
- 1 Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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