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Scott SN, Christiansen MP, Fontana FY, Stettler C, Bracken RM, Hayes CA, Fisher M, Bode B, Lagrou PH, Southerland P, Riddell MC. Evaluation of Factors Related to Glycemic Management in Professional Cyclists With Type 1 Diabetes Over a 7-Day Stage Race. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:1142-1145. [PMID: 32179510 PMCID: PMC7171953 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-2302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate factors related to glycemic management among members of a professional cycling team with type 1 diabetes over a 7-day Union Cycliste Internationale World Tour stage race. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS An observational evaluation of possible factors related to glycemic management and performance in six male professional cyclists with type 1 diabetes (HbA1c 6.4 ± 0.6%) during the 2019 Tour of California. RESULTS In-ride time spent in euglycemia (3.9-10.0 mmol/L glucose) was 63 ± 11%, with a low percentage of time spent in level 1 (3.0-3.9 mmol/L; 0 ± 1% of time) and level 2 (<3.0 mmol/L; 0 ± 0% of time) hypoglycemia over the 7-day race. Riders spent 25 ± 9% of time in level 1 (10.1-13.9 mmol/L) and 11 ± 9% in level 2 (>13.9 mmol/L) hyperglycemia during races. Bolus insulin use was uncommon during races, despite high carbohydrate intake (76 ± 23 g ⋅ h-1). Overnight, the riders spent progressively more time in hypoglycemia from day 1 (6 ± 12% in level 1 and 0 ± 0% in level 2) to day 7 (12 ± 12% in level 1 and 2 ± 4% in level 2) (χ2[1] > 4.78, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Professional cyclists with type 1 diabetes have excellent in-race glycemia, but significant hypoglycemia during recovery overnight, throughout a 7-day stage race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam N Scott
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Team Novo Nordisk Professional Cycling Team, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Federico Y Fontana
- Team Novo Nordisk Professional Cycling Team, Atlanta, GA.,Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Christoph Stettler
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Richard M Bracken
- Applied Sport, Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea, U.K.,Diabetes Research Group, Swansea University School of Medicine, Swansea, U.K
| | | | - Miles Fisher
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Pharmacology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K
| | - Bruce Bode
- Atlanta Diabetes Associates, Atlanta, GA
| | - Peter H Lagrou
- Team Novo Nordisk Professional Cycling Team, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Michael C Riddell
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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