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Yakout SM, Abdi S, Alaskar AH, Khattak MNK, Al-Masri AA, Al-Daghri NM. Impact of Vitamin D Status Correction on Serum Lipid Profile, Carboxypeptidase N and Nitric Oxide Levels in Saudi Adults. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097711. [PMID: 37175418 PMCID: PMC10177893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact on the lipid profile, carboxypeptidase N (CPN) and nitric oxide (NOx) associated with vitamin D (VD) status correction among Saudi adults with VD deficiency. A total 111 VD deficient (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L)) adult Saudis aged 18-50 years old (57 females and 54 males) were enrolled in this 6-month interventional study. They were given 50,000 IU VD weekly for the first 2 months and then twice a month for the next 2 months, followed by 1000 IU daily for the last 2 months. The fasting lipid profile and the blood glucose, VD, NOx and CPN concentrations were measured at baseline and after intervention. Post-supplementation, the median VD was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in females [58.3 (50.6-71.2)] and males [57.8 (51.0-71.8)]. HDL cholesterol significantly increased (p = 0.05) and NOx significantly decreased (p = 0.02) in males post-supplementation. Triglycerides were positively associated with NOx in all subjects before (r = 0.44, p = 0.01) and after (r = 0.37, p = 0.01) VD status correction. There was a significant increase in serum levels of CPN2 (p = 0.02) in all subjects. Furthermore, CPN was inversely correlated with NOx (r = -0.35, p = 0.05) in males post-supplementation. In conclusion, VD status correction reduced serum NOx, particularly in males. The inhibition of NOx synthesis may be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of VD supplementation. An inverse association was found between NOx and CPN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhy M Yakout
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saba Abdi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhanouf H Alaskar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A Al-Masri
- Department of Physiology, College Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M Al-Daghri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Ince B, Yildirim MEC, Dadaci M. Assessing the Effect of Vitamin D Replacement on Basal Cell Carcinoma Occurrence and Recurrence Rates in Patients with Vitamin D Deficiency. Discov Oncol 2019; 10:145-149. [PMID: 31254251 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-019-00365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to determine whether 25-OH vitamin D3 deficiency is present in patients with diagnosed BCC, and the effect of vitamin D replacement on the rates of BCC recurrence in patients with 25-OH vitamin D3 deficiency. In this prospective study, between 2012 and 2017, in the first stage, 25-OH vitamin D3 levels of all patients diagnosed with BCC between 2012 and 2013 were evaluated. In the second stage between 2014 and 2015, we evaluated the 25-OH vitamin D3 level of patients who had 25-OH vitamin D3 level < 25 ng/mL. All the patients included in the second stage had BCC recurrence. In the third stage, the patients who were diagnosed 25-OH vitamin D3 deficiency with BCC, between 2015 and 2017, were studied. The mean 25-OH vitamin D3 level of the patients in the second stage was 10.12 ng/mL. Recurrence was observed in 9.64% of the patients in the second stage. The mean level of serum 25-OH vitamin D3 in the third stage was 40.1 ng/mL, and 3.49% of these patients presented with recurrence. In all the patients as the initial diagnosis and following the 25-OH vitamin D3 level in all the patients with BCC recurrence, maintaining 25-OH vitamin D3 levels above 25 ng/mL can significantly reduce the recurrence rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilsev Ince
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42080, Meram, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Cem Yildirim
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42080, Meram, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Dadaci
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42080, Meram, Konya, Turkey
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3
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Cao Y, Du Y, Liu F, Feng Y, Cheng S, Guan S, Wang Y, Li X, Li B, Jin F, Lu S, Wei M. Vitamin D aggravates breast cancer by inducing immunosuppression in the tumor bearing mouse. Immunotherapy 2019; 10:555-566. [PMID: 29852828 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this approach is to test the effects and related mechanism of vitamin D (VD) treatment on the outcomes of breast cancer. BALB/c mice were injected with 4T1 breast cancer cell suspension. The test group was treated with VD reagent. The survival and tumor size of mice were observed. The proliferation of 4T1 in vitro was detected by MTS analysis. The changes of immune parameters and microenvironment in mice were evaluated by flow cytometry and real-time RT-PCR. Our results demonstrate that VD administration caused a decline in survival time and raising the volume of tumor, the decreasing numbers of CD3+CD4+ T, CD3+CD8+ T and CD4+T-bet+IFN-γ+ Th1 cells and transcriptions of T-bet and IFN-γ, an increasing number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and transcription of TGF-β. Our data suggest that the routine clinical application of any strategies targeting VD status for breast cancer therapy is deserved serious consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yunting Du
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yonghui Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shitong Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shu Guan
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Surgery, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Surgical Oncology & Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shilong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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4
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Karkeni E, Morin SO, Bou Tayeh B, Goubard A, Josselin E, Castellano R, Fauriat C, Guittard G, Olive D, Nunès JA. Vitamin D Controls Tumor Growth and CD8+ T Cell Infiltration in Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1307. [PMID: 31244851 PMCID: PMC6563618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Women with low levels of vitamin D have a higher risk of developing breast cancer. Numerous studies associated the presence of a CD8+ T cell infiltration with a good prognosis. As vitamin D may play a key role in the modulation of the immune system, the objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of vitamin D on the breast cancer progression and mammary tumor microenvironment. We show that vitamin D decreases breast cancer tumor growth. Immunomonitoring of the different immune subsets in dissociated tumors revealed an increase in tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells in the vitamin D-treated group. Interestingly, these CD8+ T cells exhibited a more active T cell (TEM/CM) phenotype. However, in high-fat diet conditions, we observed an opposite effect of vitamin D on breast cancer tumor growth, associated with a reduction of CD8+ T cell infiltration. Our data show that vitamin D is able to modulate breast cancer tumor growth and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment in vivo. Unexpectedly, this effect is reversed in high-fat diet conditions, revealing the importance of diet on tumor growth. We believe that supplementation with vitamin D can in certain conditions represent a new adjuvant in the treatment of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Karkeni
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie O Morin
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Berna Bou Tayeh
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Armelle Goubard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'essai préclinique TrGET, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Josselin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'essai préclinique TrGET, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'essai préclinique TrGET, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffrey Guittard
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunès
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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5
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Burns EM, Elmets CA, Yusuf N. Vitamin D and skin cancer. Photochem Photobiol 2014; 91:201-9. [PMID: 25378147 DOI: 10.1111/php.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D signaling plays a key role in many important processes, including cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, immune regulation, hormone secretion and skeletal health. Furthermore, vitamin D production and supplementation have been shown to exert protective effects via an unknown signaling mechanism involving the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in several diseases and cancer types, including skin cancer. With over 3.5 million new diagnoses in 2 million patients annually, skin cancer is the most common cancer type in the United States. While ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is the main etiologic factor for nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), UVB also induces cutaneous vitamin D production. This paradox has been the subject of contradictory findings in the literature in regards to amount of sun exposure necessary for appropriate vitamin D production, as well as any beneficial or detrimental effects of vitamin D supplementation for disease prevention. Further clinical and epidemiological studies are necessary to elucidate the role of vitamin D in skin carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Burns
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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6
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Sha J, Pan J, Ping P, Xuan H, Li D, Bo J, Liu D, Huang Y. Synergistic effect and mechanism of vitamin A and vitamin D on inducing apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:2763-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Nemazannikova N, Antonas K, Dass CR. Vitamin D: metabolism, molecular mechanisms, and mutations to malignancies. Mol Carcinog 2013; 53:421-31. [PMID: 23359295 DOI: 10.1002/mc.21999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The potential protective effects of vitamin D against cutaneous carcinogenesis are still poorly understood. The inhibition, by vitamin D, of various cancers in in vitro and in vivo models has triggered detailed investigation of vitamin D effects on neoplastic behavior. Recent studies highlight that such neoplastic features as the tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis, DNA mutagenesis, and apoptosis are all connected to vitamin D metabolic pathways. This review discusses these connections. Vitamin D modulation of the cell cycle, DNA repair and apoptosis via its receptors (VDRs) may have a suppressive effect on skin cancer as some studies suggest. The regulation of multiple tumor signaling pathways by vitamin D may have an implication in cutaneous carcinogenesis and tumor progression to malignancy.
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8
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Pervin S, Hewison M, Braga M, Tran L, Chun R, Karam A, Chaudhuri G, Norris K, Singh R. Down-regulation of vitamin D receptor in mammospheres: implications for vitamin D resistance in breast cancer and potential for combination therapy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53287. [PMID: 23341935 PMCID: PMC3544824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D signaling in mammary cancer stem cells (MCSCs), which are implicated in the initiation and progression of breast cancer, is poorly understood. In this study, we examined vitamin D signaling in mammospheres which are enriched in MCSCs from established breast cancer cell lines. Breast cancer cells positive for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH(+)) had increased ability to form mammospheres compared to ALDH(-) cells. These mammospheres expressed MCSC-specific markers and generated transplantable xenografts in nude mice. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) was significantly down-regulated in mammospheres, as well as in ALDH(+) breast cancer cells. TN aggressive human breast tumors as well as transplantable xenografts obtained from SKBR3 expressed significantly lower levels of VDR but higher levels of CD44 expression. Snail was up-regulated in mammospheres isolated from breast cancer cells. Inhibition of VDR expression by siRNA led to a significant change in key EMT-specific transcription factors and increased the ability of these cells to form mammospheres. On the other hand, over-expression of VDR led to a down-regulation of Snail but increased expression of E-cad and significantly compromised the ability of cells to form mammospheres. Mammospheres were relatively insensitive to treatment with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D), the active form of vitamin D, compared to more differentiated cancer cells grown in presence of serum. Treatment of H-Ras transformed HMLE(HRas) cells with DETA NONOate, a nitric oxide (NO)-donor led to induction of MAP-kinase phosphatase -1 (MKP-1) and dephosphorylation of ERK1/2 in the mammospheres. Combined treatment of these cells with 1,25D and a low-concentration of DETA NONOate led to a significant decrease in the overall size of mammospheres and reduced tumor volume in nude mice. Our findings therefore, suggest that combination therapy using 1,25D with drugs specifically targeting key survival pathways in MCSCs warrant testing in prospective clinical trial for treatment of aggressive breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/enzymology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Separation
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Hyaluronan Receptors/metabolism
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/pharmacology
- Mammary Glands, Human/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Human/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Nitric Oxide/pharmacology
- Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics
- Retinoid X Receptors/metabolism
- Snail Family Transcription Factors
- Spheroids, Cellular/drug effects
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/pathology
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/genetics
- Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives
- Vitamin D/pharmacology
- Vitamin D/therapeutic use
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehla Pervin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RS); (SP)
| | - Martin Hewison
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Melissa Braga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Lac Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Rene Chun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Amer Karam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Gautam Chaudhuri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Keith Norris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Rajan Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RS); (SP)
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9
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Zhang J, Zhang H, Zhang X, Yu Z. Synergistic effect of retinoic acid and vitamin D analog EB1089-induced apoptosis of hepatocellular cancer cells. Cytotechnology 2012; 65:457-65. [PMID: 23070539 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-012-9500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous report showed that leukemia cells' differentiation could be induced by retinoic acid (RA), and prostate cancer cells' proliferation could be inhibited by Vitamin D or its analog. This study aimed to examine whether RA and vitamin D analog EB1089 have synergistic effect on hepatocellular cancer cells' apoptosis. The hepatocellular cancer cell lines' viability was determined by MTT method after treating by RA and EB1089 alone or in combination, cell cycle of SSMC-7721 cell analyzed by FACS, mitochondrial membrane potential of SSMC-7721 under different treatments were detected using MitoTracker Red CMXRos. TUNEL analysis was also used for cell apoptosis detection. Real time-PCR and Western Blot assay were used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. Moreover, hepatocellular cancer model was developed by subcutaneously (S.C.) challenging H22 cells to nude mice. In the combination group (10 μmol/L RA, 10 nmol/L EB1089), the viability of hepatocellular cancer cells decreased significantly compared with drugs used alone (P < 0.05). From the TUNEL analysis, SSMC-7721 cells have a higher apoptotic ratio in the combined drug group than in the groups for which the drugs were used separately. In a hepatocellular cancer model, the tumor weight of H22 tumor bearing mice was more reduced in the combined drug treated group when compared to the groups for which the drugs were used alone (P < 0.05), in addition, significantly prolonged survival was observed. Combination of RA and EB1089 exert synergistic growth inhibition and apoptosis induction on hepatocellular cancers cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Army General Hospital, No. 5, Nanmencang Ro., Beijing, 100700, China
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10
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Su X, Colditz GA, Collins LC, Baer HJ, Sampson LA, Willett WC, Berkey CS, Schnitt SJ, Connolly JL, Rosner BA, Tamimi RM. Adolescent intakes of vitamin D and calcium and incidence of proliferative benign breast disease. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012; 134:783-91. [PMID: 22622809 PMCID: PMC3662049 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-012-2091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D and calcium have been shown to have protective effects against breast cancer development in animal studies. Vitamin D and calcium play important anticarcinogenic roles in animal studies. Exposures between menarche and first birth may be important in breast development and future breast cancer risk. However, the relations between adolescent vitamin D and calcium intake and the risk of proliferative benign breast disease (BBD), a marker of increased breast cancer risk, have not yet been evaluated. We examined these associations in the Nurses' Health Study II. Among the 29,480 women who completed an adolescent diet questionnaire in 1998, 682 proliferative BBD cases were identified and confirmed by centralized pathology review between 1991 and 2001. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression and adjusted for potential confounders. A suggestive inverse association was observed between adolescent total vitamin D intake and proliferative BBD. Women in the highest quintile of vitamin D intake during adolescence had a 21 % lower risk (multivariate HR (95 % CI): 0.79 (0.61, 1.01), p-trend = 0.07) of proliferative BBD than women in the lowest quintile. Results were essentially the same when the analysis was restricted to prospective cases (n = 142) diagnosed after return of the adolescent diet questionnaire and independent of adult vitamin D intake. Adolescent total milk intake was positively associated with proliferative BBD (≥3 servings/day vs. <1 serving/day HR (95 % CI): 1.41 (0.91, 2.17), p-trend = 0.03), after additional adjustment for total vitamin D. Calcium intake during adolescence was not associated with proliferative BBD (p-trend = 0.91). Vitamin D intake during adolescence may be important in the earlier stage of breast carcinogenesis. These findings, if corroborated, may suggest new pathways and strategies for breast cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefen Su
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Graham A. Colditz
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center and Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Laura C. Collins
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Heather J. Baer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of General Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura A. Sampson
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Walter C. Willett
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Catherine S. Berkey
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Stuart J. Schnitt
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James L. Connolly
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bernard A. Rosner
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rulla M. Tamimi
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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11
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Nemazannikova N, Antonas K, Dass CR. Role of vitamin D metabolism in cutaneous tumour formation and progression. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 65:2-10. [PMID: 23215682 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Very limited information is available on the role of vitamin D in skin carcinogenesis. For most individuals, skin cancer can be readily managed with surgery; however, some patients may face life-threatening neoplasia. Sun exposure, specifically UV radiation, is a causative agent for development of skin cancer, though, somewhat ironically, sunlight through the production of vitamin D may have protective effect against some skin cancers. This review focuses on the development and progression of cutaneous carcinogenesis and the role of vitamin D in the prevention of the initiation and progression of lethal skin cancers. KEY FINDINGS Vitamin D is involved in regulation of multiple signalling pathways that have implications in carcinogenesis. Skin cancer metastasis depends on the tumour microenvironment, where vitamin D metabolites play a key role in prevention of certain molecular events involved in tumour progression. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a well-known potent regulator of cellular growth and differentiation. SUMMARY The VDR's possible involvement in cell death, tumour microenvironment and angiogenesis makes it a candidate agent for cancer regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Nemazannikova
- School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
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12
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Teilum D, Bjerre KD, Tjønneland AM, Kroman N. Breast cancer survival and season of surgery: an ecological open cohort study. BMJ Open 2012; 2:e000358. [PMID: 22223841 PMCID: PMC3253416 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D has been suggested to influence the incidence and prognosis of breast cancer, and studies have found better overall survival (OS) after diagnosis for breast cancer in summer-autumn, where the vitamin D level are expected to be highest. Objective To compare the prognostic outcome for early breast cancer patients operated at different seasons of the year. Design Open population-based cohort study. Setting Danish women operated 1978-2010. Cases 79 658 adjusted for age at surgery, period of surgery, tumour size, axillary lymph node status and hormone receptor status. Statistical analysis The association between OS and season of surgery was analysed by Cox proportional hazards regression models, at survival periods 0-1, 0-2, 0-5 and 0-10 years after surgery. A two-sided p value <0.05 was considered statistical significant. Results Only after adjustment for prognostic factors that may be influenced by vitamin D, 1-year survival was close to significantly associated season of surgery. 2, 5 and 10 years after surgery, the association between OS and season of surgery was not significant. Limitations Season is a surrogate measure of vitamin D. Conclusions The authors found no evidence of a seasonal variation in the survival after surgery for early breast cancer. Lack of seasonal variation in this study does not necessarily mean that vitamin D is of no importance for the outcome for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne M Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Borrelli F, Ernst E. Alternative and complementary therapies for the menopause. Maturitas 2010; 66:333-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2010.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Vitamin D and calcium intakes and breast cancer risk in pre- and postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 91:1699-707. [PMID: 20392891 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some evidence suggests that vitamin D may reduce breast cancer risk. Despite the biological interaction between vitamin D and calcium, few studies have evaluated their joint effects on breast cancer risk. OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the associations and potential interaction between vitamin D and calcium (from food and supplements) and breast cancer risk in a population-based case-control study. DESIGN Breast cancer cases aged 25-74 y (diagnosed 2002-2003) were identified through the Ontario Cancer Registry. Controls were identified by using random digit dialing; 3101 cases and 3471 controls completed epidemiologic and food-frequency questionnaires. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were estimated by using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Vitamin D and calcium intakes from food only and total combined intakes (food and supplements) were not associated with breast cancer risk, although the mean intake of vitamin D was low. Vitamin D supplement intake >10 microg/d (400 IU/d) compared with no intake was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer (adjusted OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.98). No categories of calcium supplement intake were significantly associated with reduced breast cancer risk, but a significant inverse trend was observed (P = 0.04). There were no significant interactions involving vitamin D, calcium, or menopausal status. CONCLUSIONS No associations were found between overall vitamin D or calcium intake and breast cancer risk. Vitamin D from supplements was independently associated with reduced breast cancer risk. Further research is needed to investigate the effects of higher doses of vitamin D and calcium supplements.
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Chalasani P, Downey L, Stopeck AT. Caring for the breast cancer survivor: a guide for primary care physicians. Am J Med 2010; 123:489-95. [PMID: 20569749 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Revised: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer accounts for more than 25% of cancers in women. Because of improved screening and treatment modalities, mortality has decreased significantly. Currently, over 2.5 million breast cancer survivors live in the US and receive care from a primary care provider. Providers need to be aware of common and serious complications of breast cancer treatment. In this review we discuss complications of local and systemic treatment for breast cancer, including lymphedema, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and vasomotor symptoms. Current strategies for screening, monitoring, and treating these complications also are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavani Chalasani
- Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724-5024, USA.
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Pérez-López FR, Pérez-Roncero G, López-Baena MT. Vitamin D and adolescent health. ADOLESCENT HEALTH MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS 2010; 1:1-8. [PMID: 28028383 PMCID: PMC5175574 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s7472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hormone sequentially produced at different body sites, and which plays a significant role in human health, particularly bone health. However, other roles are emerging. When the serum concentration of vitamin D is very low, the risk of rickets, osteomalacia and osteoporosis is increased. In children and adolescents there is a high prevalence of low vitamin D status, especially in females and during the winter–the prevalence being lower than during the summer. Although there is no unanimous agreement over the minimum values necessary for good health, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels below 20 ng/mL may be regarded as a vitamin D-deficient condition, and levels between 20–30 ng/mL may be the range of vitamin D insufficiency. Mild low levels have been associated with bone mass accrual alterations in children and adolescents, diminished muscle strength, negative cardiovascular outcomes, insulin resistance and obesity, and neurological disorders. Effective preventive strategies are needed to guarantee adequate vitamin D levels throughout childhood and adolescence, taking into account the geographical setting, season of the year, the level of environmental pollution, skin characteristics, eating habits and body weight, with a view to securing optimum health during these phases, and the prevention of complications in adulthood. There needs to be a renewed appreciation of the beneficial effect of moderate sunlight for providing all humans with the vitamin D needed for ensuring good health. Prolonged sun exposure is not advised, however, due to the risk of skin cancer. In addition, a balanced diet is indicated, since vitamin D-rich foods are better assimilated than supplements. When such conditions cannot be met, then the supplementation of 400 IU/day of vitamin D is advised in children and adolescents–though correcting vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency may require 1000 IU/day or more. High-dose calcifediol depots are an alternative for guaranteeing treatment adherence and in patients with liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustino R Pérez-López
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Salud de la Mujer en Aragón (GRISAMAR), Universidad de Zaragoza, Hospital Clínico Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Pérez-Roncero
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Salud de la Mujer en Aragón (GRISAMAR), Universidad de Zaragoza, Hospital Clínico Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María T López-Baena
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Salud de la Mujer en Aragón (GRISAMAR), Universidad de Zaragoza, Hospital Clínico Zaragoza, Spain
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Meta-analysis of vitamin D, calcium and the prevention of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2009; 121:469-77. [PMID: 19851861 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-009-0593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D and calcium intake have been suggested to have protective effects against breast cancer; however, the data have been inconclusive. The present meta-analysis examined the overall effects of vitamin D intake, circulating 25(OH)D and 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D levels, and calcium intake on breast cancer risk. Data from 11 studies on vitamin D intake, 7 studies on circulating 25(OH)D levels, 3 studies of circulating 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D levels, and 15 studies on calcium intake and breast cancer risk were included in this analysis. From the meta-analysis, there was a significant inverse relationship between vitamin D intake and breast cancer risk, with an overall relative risk (RR) of high versus low vitamin D intake for breast cancer of 0.91 (95% CI = 0.85-0.97). The highest quantile of circulating 25(OH)D was found to be associated with a 45% (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.38-0.80) decrease in breast cancer when compared with the lowest quantile. No significant association for the circulating 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D level and breast cancer was found (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.68-1.44). For calcium, a 19% (RR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.72-0.90) decrease in breast cancer risk was found for those with highest quantile of calcium intake compared to the lowest quantile. These results provide strong evidence that vitamin D and calcium have a chemopreventive effect against breast cancer.
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Vitamin D metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2009; 62:248-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2008.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2008] [Revised: 12/09/2008] [Accepted: 12/30/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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