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Zhu Q, Ma H, Wang J, Liang X. Understanding the Mechanisms of Diminished Ovarian Reserve: Insights from Genetic Variants and Regulatory Factors. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1521-1532. [PMID: 38347379 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Delaying childbearing age has become a trend in modern times, but it has also led to a common challenge in clinical reproductive medicine-diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Since the mechanism behind DOR is unknown and its clinical features are complex, physicians find it difficult to provide targeted treatment. Many factors affect ovarian reserve function, and existing studies have shown that genetic variants, upstream regulatory genes, and changes in protein expression levels are present in populations with reduced ovarian reserve function. However, existing therapeutic regimens often do not target the genetic profile for more individualized treatment. In this paper, we review the types of genetic variants, mutations, altered expression levels of microRNAs, and other related factors and their effects on the regulation of follicular development, as well as altered DNA methylation. We hope this review will have significant implications for the future treatment of individuals with reduced ovarian reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College of, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Ma
- The First Clinical Medical College of, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Gansu Provincial Clinical Research Center for Gynecological Oncology, No.1, Donggangxi Rd, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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2
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de Moraes FP, Missio D, Lazzari J, Rovani MT, Ferreira R, Gonçalves PBD, Gasperin BG. Local regulation of antral follicle development and ovulation in monovulatory species. Anim Reprod 2023; 19:e20220099. [PMID: 36650852 PMCID: PMC9833292 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of mutations in the genes encoding bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) and growth and differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) associated with phenotypes of sterility or increased ovulation rate in sheep aroused interest in the study of the role of local factors in preantral and antral folliculogenesis in different species. An additive mutation in the BMP15 receptor, BMPR1b, which determines an increase in the ovulatory rate, has been introduced in several sheep breeds to increase the number of lambs born. Although these mutations indicate extremely relevant functions of these factors, the literature data on the regulation of the expression and function of these proteins and their receptors are very controversial, possibly due to differences in experimental models. The present review discusses the published data and preliminary results obtained by our group on the participation of local factors in the selection of the dominant follicle, ovulation, and follicular atresia in cattle, focusing on transforming growth factors beta and their receptors. The study of the expression pattern and the functionality of proteins produced by follicular cells and their receptors will allow increasing the knowledge about this local system, known to be involved in ovarian physiopathology and with the potential to promote contraception or increase the ovulation rate in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane Pereira de Moraes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brasil
| | - Daniele Missio
- Rede FiBRA-RS - Fisiopatologia e Biotécnicas da Reprodução, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Jessica Lazzari
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brasil
| | - Monique Tomazele Rovani
- Rede FiBRA-RS - Fisiopatologia e Biotécnicas da Reprodução, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Rogério Ferreira
- Faculdade de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brasil
| | - Paulo Bayard Dias Gonçalves
- Rede FiBRA-RS - Fisiopatologia e Biotécnicas da Reprodução, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Bernardo Garziera Gasperin
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brasil,Rede FiBRA-RS - Fisiopatologia e Biotécnicas da Reprodução, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil,Corresponding author:
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3
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Negishi Y, Shima Y, Takeshita T, Morita R. Harmful and beneficial effects of inflammatory response on reproduction: sterile and pathogen-associated inflammation. Immunol Med 2020; 44:98-115. [PMID: 32838688 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2020.1809951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In reproduction, inflammatory processes play important roles in the development of many pregnancy complications such as preterm labor/birth, recurrent pregnancy loss, recurrent implantation failure, and preeclampsia. Inflammation can be initiated by both microbial and non-microbial causes. Bacterial infection in the feto-maternal interface and uterus can provoke preterm labor/birth, miscarriage, and chronic endometritis. By contrast, inflammation without infection, or 'sterile inflammation,' can also lead to many kinds of complications, such as preterm labor/birth, miscarriage, or preeclampsia. Aberrant inflammation is facilitated by immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and invariant natural killer T cells. In addition, cytokines, chemokines, and several kinds of inflammatory mediators are involved. On the other hand, appropriate inflammation is required for a successful offspring during the progression of the entire pregnancy. Herein, we discuss the relation between pregnancy and inflammation with immunological alterations. Understanding the role of inflammation in complications during pregnancy may establish new perspectives of the progress of normal pregnancy as well as treatments during pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Negishi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Shima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takeshita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rimpei Morita
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Duffy DM, Ko C, Jo M, Brannstrom M, Curry TE. Ovulation: Parallels With Inflammatory Processes. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:369-416. [PMID: 30496379 PMCID: PMC6405411 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The midcycle surge of LH sets in motion interconnected networks of signaling cascades to bring about rupture of the follicle and release of the oocyte during ovulation. Many mediators of these LH-induced signaling cascades are associated with inflammation, leading to the postulate that ovulation is similar to an inflammatory response. First responders to the LH surge are granulosa and theca cells, which produce steroids, prostaglandins, chemokines, and cytokines, which are also mediators of inflammatory processes. These mediators, in turn, activate both nonimmune ovarian cells as well as resident immune cells within the ovary; additional immune cells are also attracted to the ovary. Collectively, these cells regulate proteolytic pathways to reorganize the follicular stroma, disrupt the granulosa cell basal lamina, and facilitate invasion of vascular endothelial cells. LH-induced mediators initiate cumulus expansion and cumulus oocyte complex detachment, whereas the follicular apex undergoes extensive extracellular matrix remodeling and a loss of the surface epithelium. The remainder of the follicle undergoes rapid angiogenesis and functional differentiation of granulosa and theca cells. Ultimately, these functional and structural changes culminate in follicular rupture and oocyte release. Throughout the ovulatory process, the importance of inflammatory responses is highlighted by the commonalities and similarities between many of these events associated with ovulation and inflammation. However, ovulation includes processes that are distinct from inflammation, such as regulation of steroid action, oocyte maturation, and the eventual release of the oocyte. This review focuses on the commonalities between inflammatory responses and the process of ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane M Duffy
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Misung Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Mats Brannstrom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Stockholm IVF, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas E Curry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Cohen A, Polak D, Nir-Paz R, Westreich N, Casap N. Indirect Bactericidal Properties of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 In Vitro. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 77:1611-1616. [PMID: 30928318 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2019.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted cytokines and are involved in various metabolic functions and inflammatory processes in different organs. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether BMPs also possess antimicrobial properties in direct or indirect ways. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antibacterial properties of recombinant human BMP2 (rhBMP2) were tested on 4 bacteria species (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus constellatus) to examine the potential synergism of rhBMP2 with antibiotics. Indirect antibacterial properties were tested by infecting neutrophils with rhBMP2 and bacteria to investigate bacterial survival. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) production in neutrophils in the presence of rhBMP2 also was tested. RESULTS RhBMP2 in cardboard disks or sponge collagen as carriers did not show antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria. Further, synergism of rhBMP2 with antibiotics was not evident. Survival of bacteria inoculated with neutrophils and rhBMP2 led to a marked decrease in bacterial survival compared with neutrophils without rhBMP2. Although rhBMP2 inoculation of neutrophils alone did not induce ROS, its presence with the bacterial infection showed augmented ROS production for all tested bacteria. CONCLUSIONS RhBMP2 did not show direct antibacterial properties but did exhibit an indirect bactericidal effect in the presence of neutrophils. ROS production indicated that rhBMP2 has a role as a priming agent for neutrophils by augmenting their bactericidal capabilities and suggests the importance of its presence in contaminated surgical bone augmentation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adir Cohen
- Visiting (Attending), Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Polak
- Visiting (Attending), Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ran Nir-Paz
- Professor of Microbiology and Visiting (Attending), Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Neetzan Westreich
- Student, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nardy Casap
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Liang Y, Cao Q, Gao X, Du H. Increased bone morphogenetic protein-6 in follicular fluid and granulosa cells may correlate with fertilization and embryo quality in humans. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1171-1176. [PMID: 28810575 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6), which is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, is associated with the regulation of bone development and various physiological processes. In the present study, the expression of BMP-6 in follicular fluid and granulosa cells (GCs) from pregnant and non-pregnant patients was explored. A total of 44 pregnant patients (pregnant group) and 36 non-pregnant patients (non-pregnant group) were recruited for the present study. The expression of BMP-6 was detected using western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression of BMP-6 was significantly higher at the protein level (P<0.01) in follicular fluid obtained from the pregnant group compared with that from the non-pregnant group. The mRNA and protein expression of BMP-6 in GCs were significantly upregulated in the pregnant group compared with the non-pregnant group (both P<0.01). These results suggest that high expression of BMP-6 in pregnant women may be a novel biomarker for the fertility process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Qinying Cao
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xing Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Huilan Du
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050091, P.R. China
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Kim YY, Tamadon A, Ku SY. Potential Use of Antiapoptotic Proteins and Noncoding RNAs for EfficientIn VitroFollicular Maturation and Ovarian Bioengineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2017; 23:142-158. [PMID: 27763207 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Amin Tamadon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Yup Ku
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Takahashi N, Harada M, Hirota Y, Zhao L, Yoshino O, Urata Y, Izumi G, Takamura M, Hirata T, Koga K, Wada-Hiraike O, Fujii T, Osuga Y. A potential role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 428:161-9. [PMID: 27032713 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is crucial for ovarian angiogenesis, but its excess production induces ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). The aim of this study was to determine whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress regulates VEGFA expression in granulosa cells, and whether its activation is involved in OHSS development. The expression of the spliced form of X-box-binding protein 1 [XBP1(S)], induced by ER stress, in cumulus cells from OHSS patients was higher than that in cumulus cells from non-OHSS patients. The ER stress inducer tunicamycin increased human chorionic gonadotropin-induced VEGFA production in human granulosa cells through the induction of XBP1(S), and pretreatment with the ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) abrogated the effect of tunicamycin. In OHSS model rats, TUDCA administration prevented the OHSS development, reducing ovarian VEGFA production. Our findings suggest ER stress upregulates hCG-induced VEGFA production in granulosa cells, indicating that ER stress might be involved in OHSS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Miyuki Harada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Hirota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, PR China
| | - Osamu Yoshino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yoko Urata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Gentaro Izumi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masashi Takamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hirata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Osamu Wada-Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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Abstract
The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family consists of several growth factor proteins that belong to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. BMPs bind to type I and type II serine-threonine kinase receptors, and transduce signals through the Smad signalling pathway. BMPs have been identified in mammalian ovaries, and functional studies have shown that they are involved in the regulation of oogenesis and folliculogenesis. This review summarizes the role of the BMP system during formation, growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in mammals.
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