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Silva TS, Faucz FR, Hernández-Ramírez LC, Pankratz N, Lane J, Kay DM, Lyra A, Kochi C, Stratakis CA, Longui CA, Mills JL. Whole exome sequencing in patients with ectopic posterior pituitary. J Endocr Soc 2022; 6:bvac116. [DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Context
Ectopic posterior pituitary (EPP), a condition in which the posterior pituitary gland is displaced due to defective neuronal migration, is frequently associated with hypopituitarism. Genetic variants play a role, but many cases remain unexplained.
Objective
A large EPP cohort was studied to explore the importance of genetic variants and how they correlate with clinical findings.
Methods
Whole exome sequencing was performed on a discovery sample of 27 cases to identify rare variants. The variants that met the criteria for rarity and biological relevance, or that were previously associated with EPP (ROBO1 and HESX1), were then resequenced in the 27 cases plus a replication sample of 51 cases.
Results
We identified 16 different variants in 12 genes in 15 of the 78 cases (19.2%). Complete anterior pituitary deficiency was twice as common in cases with variants of interest compared to cases without variants (9/15; 60% vs. 19/63; 30.1%, respectively; Z test; p=0.06). Breech presentation was more frequent in the variant positive group (5/15 vs. 1/63; Z test; p= 0.003). Four cases had variants in ROBO1 and one in HESX1, genes previously associated with EPP. The ROBO1 p.S18* variant has not been reported previously; ROBO1 p.Q1227H has not been associated with EPP previously.
Conclusions
EPP cases with variants of interest identified in this study were more likely to present with severe clinical disease. Several variants were identified in genes not previously associated with EPP. Our findings confirm that EPP is a multigenic disorder. Future studies are needed to identify additional genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane S Silva
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo and Santa Casa SP School of Medical Sciences , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio R Faucz
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda , Maryland, USA
| | - Laura C Hernández-Ramírez
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda , Maryland, USA
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán . 15 Vasco de Quiroga, Radiation Oncology building, 2 nd floor, Belisario Domínguez sección 16. Tlalpan, CDMX 14080, Mexico
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis , Minnesota, USA
| | - John Lane
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis , Minnesota, USA
| | - Denise M Kay
- Division of Genetics, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health , Albany, New York, USA
| | - Arthur Lyra
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo and Santa Casa SP School of Medical Sciences , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Kochi
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo and Santa Casa SP School of Medical Sciences , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Constantine A Stratakis
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda , Maryland, USA
- Research Institute, ELPEN , Athens, Greece
- Human Genetics & Precision Medicine, IMBB, FORTH , Heraklion, Greece
| | - Carlos A Longui
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo and Santa Casa SP School of Medical Sciences , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - James L Mills
- Epidemiology Branch , Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Avci S, Kuscu N, Kilinc L, Ustunel I. Relationship of Notch Signal, Surfactant Protein A, and Indomethacin in Cervix During Preterm Birth: Mast Cell and Jagged-2 May Be Key in Understanding Infection-mediated Preterm Birth. J Histochem Cytochem 2022; 70:121-138. [PMID: 34927491 PMCID: PMC8777376 DOI: 10.1369/00221554211061615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it is thought that there is a close relationship between Notch signal and preterm birth, the functioning of this mechanism in the cervix is unknown. The efficacy of surfactants and prostaglandin inhibitors in preterm labor is also still unclear. In this study, 48 female CD-1 mice were distributed to pregnant control (PC), Sham, PBS, indomethacin (2 mg/kg; intraperitoneally), lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (25 μg/100 μl; intrauterine), LPS + IND, and Surfactant Protein A Block (SP-A Block: SP-A B; the anti-SP-A antibody was applied 20 µg/100μl; intrauterine) groups. Tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis. LPS administration increased the expression of N1 Dll-1 and Jagged-2 (Jag-2). Although Toll-like receptor (Tlr)-2 significantly increased in the LPS-treated and SP-A-blocked groups, Tlr-4 significantly increased only in the LPS-exposed groups. It was observed that Jag-2 is specifically expressed by mast cells. Overall, this experimental model shows that some protein responses increase throughout the uterus, starting at a specific point on the cervix epithelium. Surfactant Protein A, which we observed to be significantly reduced by LPS, may be associated with the regulation of the epithelial response, especially during preterm delivery due to infection. On the contrary, prostaglandin inhibitors can be considered an option to delay infection-related preterm labor with their dose-dependent effects. Finally, the link between mast cells and Jag-2 could potentially be a control switch for preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nilay Kuscu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical
School, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Leyla Kilinc
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical
School, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ismail Ustunel
- Ismail Ustunel, Department of Histology and
Embryology, Medical School, Akdeniz University, 07100 Antalya, Turkey. E-mail:
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Comparison of the Cook vaginal cervical ripening balloon with prostaglandin E2 insert for induction of labor in late pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 302:579-584. [PMID: 32617665 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05597-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the effectiveness of the Cook vaginal cervical ripening balloon (CCRB) with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) insert for induction of labor in late pregnancy in primipara. METHODS We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of induction of labor using the improved Bishop score after CCRB or PGE2 administration, total stage of labor, hours until delivery (hours from placement of CCRB or PGE2 insert to parturition and delivery), delivery rate within 24 h, spontaneous delivery rate, successful induction rate, overstimulation syndrome, urgent delivery rate, pain scores, cesarean section rate, and outcomes related to delivery and perinatal morbidity, such as puerperal infection rate, total cost, satisfaction survey, and so on. RESULTS The improved Bishop Score and delivery rate within 24 h in the CCRB group were significantly higher than in the PGE2 group. The total stage of labor and hours until delivery in the CCRB group were significantly shorter than that in the PGE2 group. Rate of overstimulation syndrome and pain scores in the CCRB group were significantly lower than in the PGE2 group. Compared with the PGE2 group, the mean duration of hospitalization in the CCRB group was shorter and the total cost was less. No difference in satisfaction between the PGE2 and CCRB groups was observed. CONCLUSIONS Compared with PGE2, CCRB reduced the total stage of labor, hours until delivery, pain scores, mean length of hospitalization, and total cost. CCRB increased the rate of delivery within 24 h with similar safety and maternal satisfaction compared with PGE2.
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