1
|
Rahman K, Khan SU, Fahad S, Shinwari ZK, Khan D, Kamal S, Ullah I, Anjum SI, Man S, Khan AJ, Khan WU, Khan MHU, Jan M, Adnan M, Noor M. In vitro biological screening of a critically endangered medicinal plant, Atropa acuminata Royle Ex Lindl of north western Himalaya. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11028. [PMID: 30038240 PMCID: PMC6056422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atropa acuminata Royle Ex Lindl (Atropa acuminata) under tremendous threat of extinction in its natural habitat. However, the antimicrobial, antileishmanial and anticancer effects of the plant’s extracts have not been reported yet. In the current study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the pharmacological potential of this plant’s extracts against microbes, Leishmania and cancer. The roots, stems and leaves of Atropa acuminata were ground; then, seven different solvents were used alone and in different ratios to prepare crude extracts, which were screened for pharmacological effects. The aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of all parts carried a broad spectrum of anti-bacterial activities, while no significant activity was observed with combined solvents. Three types of cytotoxicity assays were performed, i.e., haemolytic, brine shrimp and protein kinase assays. The aqueous extract of all the parts showed significant haemolytic activity while n-hexane extracts of roots showed significant activity against brine shrimp. The acetone extracts strongly inhibited protein kinase while the methanolic extracts exhibited significant cytotoxic activity of roots and stem. The anti-leishmanial assays revealed that the methanolic extract of leaves and roots showed significant activity. These findings suggest that this plant could be a potential source of natural product based drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaista Rahman
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China.,Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ullah Khan
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Shah Fahad
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China. .,Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Zabta Khan Shinwari
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China.,Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Dilfaraz Khan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Gomal University D.I.Khan, 29050, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Kamal
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Ikram Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Syed Ishtiaq Anjum
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 26000, Pakistan
| | - Shad Man
- Inner Mongolia University, Huhot, 010021, P. R. China
| | | | - Wasim Ullah Khan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat- Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Hafeez Ullah Khan
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Mehmood Jan
- Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noor
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zivanovic A, Skropeta D. c-AMP Dependent Protein Kinase a Inhibitory Activity of Six Algal Extracts from South Eastern Australia and Their Fatty Acid Composition. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
c-AMP Dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A, PKA) is an important enzyme involved in the regulation of an increasing number of physiological processes including immune function, cardiovascular disease, memory disorders and cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the PKA inhibitory activity of a range of algal extracts, along with their fatty acid composition. Six algal species were investigated including two Chlorophyta ( Codium dimorphum and Ulva lactuca), two Phaeophyta ( Phyllospora comosa and Sargassum sp.) and two Rhodophyta ( Prionitis linearis and Corallina vancouveriensis), with the order of PKA inhibitory activity of their extracts identified as follows: brown seaweeds > red seaweeds > green seaweeds with the brown alga Sargassum sp. exhibiting the highest PKA inhibitory activity (84% at 100 μg/mL). GC/MS analysis identified a total of 18 fatty acids in the six algal extracts accounting for 72-87% of each extract, with hexadecanoic acid and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid as the dominant components. The most active extract ( Sargassum sp.) also contained the highest percentage of the saturated C14:0 fatty acid (12.8% of the total extract), which is a known to inhibit PKA. These results provide the first description of the PKA inhibitory activity of marine algae along with the first description of the fatty acid composition of these six algal species from South Eastern Australian waters. Importantly, this study reveals that abundant and readily available marine algae are a new and relatively unexplored source of PKA inhibitory compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Zivanovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| | - Danielle Skropeta
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
- Centre for Medicinal Chemistry, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Skropeta D, Pastro N, Zivanovic A. Kinase inhibitors from marine sponges. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:2131-2154. [PMID: 22073013 PMCID: PMC3210622 DOI: 10.3390/md9102131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases play a critical role in cell regulation and their deregulation is a contributing factor in an increasing list of diseases including cancer. Marine sponges have yielded over 70 novel compounds to date that exhibit significant inhibitory activity towards a range of protein kinases. These compounds, which belong to diverse structural classes, are reviewed herein, and ordered based upon the kinase that they inhibit. Relevant synthetic studies on the marine natural product kinase inhibitors have also been included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Skropeta
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; E-Mails: (N.P.); (A.Z.)
- Centre for Medicinal Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +61-2-42214360; Fax: +61-2-42214287
| | - Natalie Pastro
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; E-Mails: (N.P.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ana Zivanovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; E-Mails: (N.P.); (A.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|