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Asakawa Y, Ludwiczuk A, Novakovic M, Bukvicki D, Anchang KY. Bis-bibenzyls, Bibenzyls, and Terpenoids in 33 Genera of the Marchantiophyta (Liverworts): Structures, Synthesis, and Bioactivity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:729-762. [PMID: 34783552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The Marchantiophyta (liverworts) are rich sources of phenolic substances, especially cyclic and acyclic bis-bibenzyls, which are rare natural products in the plant kingdom, together with bibenzyls and characteristic terpenoids. At present, more than 125 bis-bibenzyls have been found in liverworts. They are biosynthesized from the dimerization of lunularic acid via dihydrocoumaric acid and prelunularin. The structurally unusual cyclic and acyclic bis-bibenzyls show various biological activities such as antimicrobial, antifungal, cytotoxic, muscle relaxation, antioxidant, tubulin polymerization inhibitory, and antitrypanosomal activities, among others. The present review article deals with the distribution and structure of bis-bibenzyls, bibenzyls, and several characteristic ent-sesqui- and diterpenoids in liverworts. Furthermore, the biosynthesis and total syntheses and biological activities of bis-bibenzyls are also surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Asakawa
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Agnieszka Ludwiczuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Kenneth Yongabi Anchang
- Tropical Infectious Diseases and Public Health Engineering Research Group, Phytobiotechnology Research Foundation Institute, Catholic University of Cameroon, P.O. Box 921, Bamenda, Cameroon
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Kobae Y, Ohtomo R, Morimoto S, Sato D, Nakagawa T, Oka N, Sato S. Isolation of Native Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi within Young Thalli of the Liverwort Marchantia paleacea. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8060142. [PMID: 31151150 PMCID: PMC6631804 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a group of soil microorganisms that establish symbioses with most land plant species. "Root trap culture" generally has been used for isolating a single regenerated spore in order to establish a monospecific, native AMF line. Roots may be co-colonized with multiple AMF species; however, only a small portion of AMF within roots sporulate, and do so only under certain conditions. In this study, we tested whether young thalli (<2 mm) of the liverwort Marchantia paleacea harbour monospecific AMF, and can be used as a vegetative inoculant line. When M. paleacea gemmae were co-cultivated with roots obtained from the field, the young thalli were infected by AMF via rhizoids and formed arbuscules after 18 days post-sowing. Ribosomal DNA sequencing of the AMF-colonized thalli (mycothalli) revealed that they harboured phylogenetically diverse AMF; however, new gemmae sown around transplanted mycothalli showed evidence of colonization from phylogenetically uniform Rhizophagus species. Of note, mycothalli can also be used as an inoculum. These results suggest that the young thalli of M. paleacea can potentially isolate monospecific AMF from field soil in a spore-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kobae
- Laboratory of Crop Nutrition, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8555, Japan.
| | - Ryo Ohtomo
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8555, Japan.
- Central Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO, Kannondai 2-1-18, Tsukuba 305-8666, Japan.
| | - Sho Morimoto
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8555, Japan.
- NARO Headquarters, Kannondai 3-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8517, Japan.
| | - Daiki Sato
- Laboratory of Crop Nutrition, Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Nakagawa
- Division of Symbiotic Systems, National Institute for Basic Biology, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Norikuni Oka
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 1 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8555, Japan.
| | - Shusei Sato
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
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