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Barbosa DCDS, Holanda VN, Ghosh A, Maia RT, da Silva WV, Lima VLDM, da Silva MV, Dos Santos Correia MT, de Figueiredo RCBQ. Leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of essential oil from the fruit peel of Myrciaria floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg: Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations of its major constituent onto Leishmania enzyme targets. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:13001-13016. [PMID: 34632943 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1978320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected disease characterized by highest morbidity rates worldwide. The available treatment for CL has several limitations including serious side effects and resistance to the treatment. Herein we aimed to evaluate the activity of essential oil from the peel of Myrciaria floribunda fruits (MfEO) on Leishmania amazonensis. The cytotoxic potential of MfEO on host mammalian cells was evaluated by MTT. The in vitro leishmanicidal effects of MfEO were investigated on the promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms. The ultrastructural changes induced by MfEO were evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The molecular docking of the major compounds δ-Cadinene, γ-Cadinene, γ-Muurolene, α-Selinene, α-Muurolene and (E)-Caryophyllene onto the enzymes trypanothione reductase (TreR) and sterol 14-alpha demethylase (C14DM) were performed. Our results showed that MfEO presented moderate cytotoxicity for Vero cells and macrophages. The MfEO inhibited the growth of promastigote and the survival of intracellular amastigotes, in a dose- and time- dependent way. The MfEO presented high selectivity towards amastigote forms, being 44.1 times more toxic for this form than to macrophages. Molecular docking analysis showed that the major compounds of MfEO interact with Leishmania enzymes and that δ-Cadinene (δ-CAD) presented favorable affinity energy values over TreR and C14DM enzymes, when compared with the other major constituents. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies revealed a stable binding of δ-CAD with lowest binding free energy values in MMGBSA assay. Our results suggested that δ-CAD may be a potent inhibitor of TreR and C14DM enzymes. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanderlan Nogueira Holanda
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Microbiology Division, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Rafael Trindade Maia
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Semiárido, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Sumé, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Lúcia de Menezes Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Inhibitory Effect on Nitric Oxide Release in LPS-Stimulated Macrophages and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Croton linearis Jacq. Leaves. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101915. [PMID: 36290638 PMCID: PMC9598791 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important component of many diseases including cancer, along with inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. Natural antioxidants have emerged as promising substances to protect the human body against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The present study evaluates the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages and the free radical scavenging activity of Croton linearis Jacq. leaves. UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis identified 18 compounds: nine alkaloids with a morphinane, benzylisoquinoline or aporphine nucleus, and nine O-glycosylated-flavonoids with quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin as the aglycones. The crude extract (IC50 21.59 µg/mL) and the n-hexane fraction (IC50 4.88 µg/mL) significantly reduced the NO production in LPS-stimulated macrophages but with relatively high cytotoxicity (CC50 75.30 and CC50 70.12 µg/mL, respectively), while the ethyl acetate fraction also showed good activity (IC50 40.03 µg/mL) without affecting the RAW 264.7 cell viability. On the other hand, the crude extract, as well as the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions, showed better DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activities. Considering the chemical composition and the activity observed for Croton linearis leaves, they may be considered a good source of antioxidants to combat oxidative damage-related diseases.
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Rodríguez-Ferreiro AO, Ochoa-Pacheco A, Méndez-Rodriguez D, Ortiz-Beatón E, Font-Salmo O, Guisado-Bourzac F, Molina-Bertrán S, Monzote L, Cos P, Foubert K, Pieters L, Perez-Novo C, Vanden Berghe W, Escalona-Arranz JC, Setzer WN. LC-MS Characterization and Biological Activities of Cuban Cultivars of Plectranthus neochilus Schltr. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11010134. [PMID: 35009137 PMCID: PMC8747120 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plectranthus neochilus Schltr. (Lamiaceae) is a plant recently introduced in Cuba. Worldwide, it is an ethnomedicinal alternative for its use against microbial infections, but the Cuban population use the extracts to treat sleep disorders. To address this apparent incongruity, four collections (from different seasonal conditions in the year) of Cuban P. neochilus cultivars were analyzed in terms of their pharmacognostic characteristics. Three extracts using fresh and dried leaves were chemically and biologically characterized. UPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis was performed to determine their chemical composition, while a panel of nine microorganisms was used to evaluate their antimicrobial activity. Finally, cytotoxic effects of different fractions were measured in three cell lines by the resazurin viability assay. In contrast to previously reported micro and macromorphological properties of P. neochilus, the leaves from the Cuban cultivars did not present glandular trichomes, nor did they produce quantifiable levels of essential oils. Moreover, aqueous extracts used by the population revealed no significant antimicrobial activity and were not cytotoxic. The three extracts showed a similar phytochemical composition, i.e., eight flavonoids, seven abietane diterpenes, and rosmarinic acid as the major constituent, most of them reported for the first time in this species. The low yield of essential oil, the absence of glandular trichomes, compounds with a high level of oxidation, and a moderate antimicrobial activity detected were the most distinctive pharmacognostic and biological characteristics of P. neochilus grown in Cuba. These aspects could explain its non-use as an antimicrobial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarli O. Rodríguez-Ferreiro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Telecom, Informatics and Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba; (A.O.R.-F.); (E.O.-B.); (O.F.-S.)
| | - Ania Ochoa-Pacheco
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba; (A.O.-P.); (S.M.-B.)
| | - Daniel Méndez-Rodriguez
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Chemistry, University of Camagüey, Camagüey 74650, Cuba;
| | - Emilia Ortiz-Beatón
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Telecom, Informatics and Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba; (A.O.R.-F.); (E.O.-B.); (O.F.-S.)
| | - Oneida Font-Salmo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Telecom, Informatics and Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba; (A.O.R.-F.); (E.O.-B.); (O.F.-S.)
| | - Frenkel Guisado-Bourzac
- Laboratory of Applied Genetic and Genomic, School of Sea Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Valvaraiso 2362807, Chile;
| | - Silvia Molina-Bertrán
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba; (A.O.-P.); (S.M.-B.)
| | - Lianet Monzote
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kourí”, Havana 11400, Cuba;
- Research Network Natural Products against Neglected Diseases (ResNetNPND), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Paul Cos
- Research Network Natural Products against Neglected Diseases (ResNetNPND), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (K.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (K.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Claudina Perez-Novo
- Laboratory for Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (C.P.-N.); (W.V.B.)
| | - Wim Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory for Protein Chemistry, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signaling, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; (C.P.-N.); (W.V.B.)
| | - Julio C. Escalona-Arranz
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba; (A.O.-P.); (S.M.-B.)
- Correspondence: or (J.C.E.-A.); (W.N.S.)
| | - William N. Setzer
- Research Network Natural Products against Neglected Diseases (ResNetNPND), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
- Correspondence: or (J.C.E.-A.); (W.N.S.)
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Monzote L, García J, González R, Scotti MT, Setzer WN. Bioactive Essential Oils from Cuban Plants: An Inspiration to Drug Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112515. [PMID: 34834878 PMCID: PMC8620706 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic plants and essential oils are important agents as complementary and alternative medicines in many cultures and geographical locations. In this review, a literature search on essential oils from Cuba, their chemical compositions, and their pharmacological properties was carried out. Out of 171 published scientific articles on essential oils of Cuban plants, a total of 31 documents, focused on both chemical composition and pharmacological properties, were considered for this review. In general, an increase in articles published in the last decade was noted, particularly in recognized international journals in English. Myrtaceae and Piperaceae were the most representative families collected in the occidental area of the country. Leaves and aerial parts were predominantly used, while a wide and variable number of components were identified, including terpenes, aliphatic derivatives, sulfur-containing compounds, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids and amine-type compounds. Finally, different biological activities were reported such as antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, anthelmintic, larvicidal and insecticidal. In conclusion, we encourage further studies that would promote the use of essential oils from Cuban plants in new pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianet Monzote
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Research, Diagnostic and Reference, Institute of Tropical Medicine “Pedro Kouri”, Havana 11400, Cuba
- Research Network Natural Products against Neglected Diseases (ResNetNPND), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (W.N.S.)
| | - Jesús García
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba;
| | - Rosalia González
- Toxicology and Biomedicine Centre (TOXIMED), University of Medical Science, Santiago de Cuba 90400, Cuba;
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Research Network Natural Products against Neglected Diseases (ResNetNPND), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
- Post-Graduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - William N. Setzer
- Research Network Natural Products against Neglected Diseases (ResNetNPND), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (W.N.S.)
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Cytotoxicity of Essential Oil Cordia verbenaceae against Leishmania brasiliensis and Trypanosoma cruzi. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154485. [PMID: 34361638 PMCID: PMC8348457 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The species Cordia verbenacea DC (Boraginaceae), known as the whaling herb and camaradinha, is a perennial shrub species native to the Atlantic Forest. Its leaves are used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiulcerogenic and curative agent, in the form of teas or infusions for internal or topical use. The present study aimed to verify the cytotoxicity of the essential oil and the leishmanicidal and trypanocidal potential of C. verbenacea. The essential oil was characterized by GC-MS. The in vitro biological activity was determined by anti-Leishmania and anti-Trypanosoma assays. The cytotoxixity was determined using mammalian fibroblasts. The C. verbenacea species presented α-pinene (45.71%), β-caryophyllene (18.77%), tricyclo[2,2,1-(2.6)]heptane (12.56%) as their main compounds. The essential oil exhibited strong cytotoxicity at concentrations below 250 μg/mL (LC50 138.1 μg/mL) in mammalian fibroblasts. The potent anti-trypanosome and anti-promastigote activities occurred from the concentration of 62.5 μg/mL and was considered clinically relevant. The results also demonstrate that at low concentrations (<62.5 μg/mL), the essential oil of C. verbenacea managed to be lethal for these activities. This can be considered an indication of the power used in daily human consumption. Therefore, it can be concluded that the essential oil of C. verbenacea contains a compound with remarkable antiparasitic activities and requires further research.
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Llauradó Maury G, Méndez Rodríguez D, Hendrix S, Escalona Arranz JC, Fung Boix Y, Pacheco AO, García Díaz J, Morris-Quevedo HJ, Ferrer Dubois A, Aleman EI, Beenaerts N, Méndez-Santos IE, Orberá Ratón T, Cos P, Cuypers A. Antioxidants in Plants: A Valorization Potential Emphasizing the Need for the Conservation of Plant Biodiversity in Cuba. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1048. [PMID: 33121046 PMCID: PMC7693031 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are phytochemical hubs containing antioxidants, essential for normal plant functioning and adaptation to environmental cues and delivering beneficial properties for human health. Therefore, knowledge on the antioxidant potential of different plant species and their nutraceutical and pharmaceutical properties is of utmost importance. Exploring this scientific research field provides fundamental clues on (1) plant stress responses and their adaptive evolution to harsh environmental conditions and (2) (new) natural antioxidants with a functional versatility to prevent and treat human pathologies. These natural antioxidants can be valorized via plant-derived foods and products. Cuba contains an enormously rich plant biodiversity harboring a great antioxidant potential. Besides opening new avenues for the implementation of sustainable agroecological practices in crop production, it will also contribute to new strategies to preserve plant biodiversity and simultaneously improve nature management policies in Cuba. This review provides an overview on the beneficial properties of antioxidants for plant protection and human health and is directed to the valorization of these plant antioxidants, emphasizing the need for biodiversity conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Llauradó Maury
- Centre of Studies for Industrial Biotechnology (CEBI), University of Oriente, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s/n, Reparto Jiménez, Santiago de Cuba CP 90500, Cuba; (G.L.M.); (H.J.M.-Q.); (T.O.R.)
| | - Daniel Méndez Rodríguez
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Camagüey, Carretera Circunvalación Norte, km 5 ½, Camagüey CP 70100, Cuba; (D.M.R.); (I.E.M.-S.)
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Campus Diepenbeek, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, BE-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (S.H.); (N.B.)
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sophie Hendrix
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Campus Diepenbeek, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, BE-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (S.H.); (N.B.)
| | - Julio César Escalona Arranz
- Pharmacy Department, University of Oriente, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s/n, Reparto Jiménez, Santiago de Cuba CP 90500, Cuba; (J.C.E.A.); (A.O.P.); (J.G.D.)
| | - Yilan Fung Boix
- National Center of Applied Electromagnetism, University of Oriente, Avenida Las Américas s/n, P.O. Box 4078, Santiago de Cuba CP 90400, Cuba; (Y.F.B.); (A.F.D.); (E.I.A.)
| | - Ania Ochoa Pacheco
- Pharmacy Department, University of Oriente, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s/n, Reparto Jiménez, Santiago de Cuba CP 90500, Cuba; (J.C.E.A.); (A.O.P.); (J.G.D.)
| | - Jesús García Díaz
- Pharmacy Department, University of Oriente, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s/n, Reparto Jiménez, Santiago de Cuba CP 90500, Cuba; (J.C.E.A.); (A.O.P.); (J.G.D.)
| | - Humberto J. Morris-Quevedo
- Centre of Studies for Industrial Biotechnology (CEBI), University of Oriente, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s/n, Reparto Jiménez, Santiago de Cuba CP 90500, Cuba; (G.L.M.); (H.J.M.-Q.); (T.O.R.)
| | - Albys Ferrer Dubois
- National Center of Applied Electromagnetism, University of Oriente, Avenida Las Américas s/n, P.O. Box 4078, Santiago de Cuba CP 90400, Cuba; (Y.F.B.); (A.F.D.); (E.I.A.)
| | - Elizabeth Isaac Aleman
- National Center of Applied Electromagnetism, University of Oriente, Avenida Las Américas s/n, P.O. Box 4078, Santiago de Cuba CP 90400, Cuba; (Y.F.B.); (A.F.D.); (E.I.A.)
| | - Natalie Beenaerts
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Campus Diepenbeek, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, BE-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (S.H.); (N.B.)
| | - Isidro E. Méndez-Santos
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Camagüey, Carretera Circunvalación Norte, km 5 ½, Camagüey CP 70100, Cuba; (D.M.R.); (I.E.M.-S.)
| | - Teresa Orberá Ratón
- Centre of Studies for Industrial Biotechnology (CEBI), University of Oriente, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s/n, Reparto Jiménez, Santiago de Cuba CP 90500, Cuba; (G.L.M.); (H.J.M.-Q.); (T.O.R.)
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Campus Diepenbeek, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, BE-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (S.H.); (N.B.)
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