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Buriti BMADB, Figueiredo PLB, Passos MF, da Silva JKR. Polymer-Based Wound Dressings Loaded with Essential Oil for the Treatment of Wounds: A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:897. [PMID: 39065747 PMCID: PMC11279661 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing can result in complex problems, and discovering an effective method to improve the healing process is essential. Polymeric biomaterials have structures similar to those identified in the extracellular matrix of the tissue to be regenerated and also avoid chronic inflammation, and immunological reactions. To obtain smart and effective dressings, bioactive agents, such as essential oils, are also used to promote a wide range of biological properties, which can accelerate the healing process. Therefore, we intend to explore advances in the potential for applying hybrid materials in wound healing. For this, fifty scientific articles dated from 2010 to 2023 were investigated using the Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed databases. The principles of the healing process, use of polymers, type and properties of essential oils and processing techniques, and characteristics of dressings were identified. Thus, the plants Syzygium romanticum or Eugenia caryophyllata, Origanum vulgare, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum present prospects for application in clinical trials due to their proven effects on wound healing and reducing the incidence of inflammatory cells in the site of injury. The antimicrobial effect of essential oils is mainly due to polyphenols and terpenes such as eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Michele A. de B. Buriti
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
| | - Pablo Luis B. Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66079-420, PA, Brazil; (P.L.B.F.); (M.F.P.)
| | - Marcele Fonseca Passos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66079-420, PA, Brazil; (P.L.B.F.); (M.F.P.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Joyce Kelly R. da Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
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Fan Y, Guastaldi FPS, Runyan G, Wang Y, Farinelli WA, Randolph MA, Redmond RW. Laser Ablation Facilitates Implantation of Dynamic Self-Regenerating Cartilage for Articular Cartilage Regeneration. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:148. [PMID: 38921522 PMCID: PMC11204995 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15060148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated a novel strategy for improving regenerative cartilage outcomes. It combines fractional laser treatment with the implantation of neocartilage generated from autologous dynamic Self-Regenerating Cartilage (dSRC). METHODS dSRC was generated in vitro from harvested autologous swine chondrocytes. Culture was performed for 2, 4, 8, 10, and 12 weeks to study matrix maturation. Matrix formation and implant integration were also studied in vitro in swine cartilage discs using dSRC or cultured chondrocytes injected into CO2 laser-ablated or mechanically punched holes. Cartilage discs were cultured for up to 8 weeks, harvested, and evaluated histologically and immunohistochemically. RESULTS The dSRC matrix was injectable by week 2, and matrices grew larger and more solid with time, generating a contiguous neocartilage matrix by week 8. Hypercellular density in dSRC at week 2 decreased over time and approached that of native cartilage by week 8. All dSRC groups exhibited high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production, and immunohistochemical staining confirmed that the matrix was typical of normal hyaline cartilage, being rich in collagen type II. After 8 weeks in cartilage lesions in vitro, dSRC constructs generated a contiguous cartilage matrix, while isolated cultured chondrocytes exhibited only a sparse pericellular matrix. dSRC-treated lesions exhibited high GAG production compared to those treated with isolated chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS Isolated dSRC exhibits hyaline cartilage formation, matures over time, and generates contiguous articular cartilage matrix in fractional laser-created microenvironments in vitro, being well integrated with native cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfang Fan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02144, USA; (Y.F.); (G.R.); (Y.W.); (W.A.F.)
- Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Fernando P. S. Guastaldi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Gem Runyan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02144, USA; (Y.F.); (G.R.); (Y.W.); (W.A.F.)
- Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Ying Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02144, USA; (Y.F.); (G.R.); (Y.W.); (W.A.F.)
| | - William A. Farinelli
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02144, USA; (Y.F.); (G.R.); (Y.W.); (W.A.F.)
| | - Mark A. Randolph
- Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Robert W. Redmond
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02144, USA; (Y.F.); (G.R.); (Y.W.); (W.A.F.)
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3
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Sun L, Xu Y, Han Y, Cui J, Jing Z, Li D, Liu J, Xiao C, Li D, Cai B. Collagen-Based Hydrogels for Cartilage Regeneration. Orthop Surg 2023; 15:3026-3045. [PMID: 37942509 PMCID: PMC10694028 DOI: 10.1111/os.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage regeneration remains difficult due to a lack of blood vessels. Degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) causes cartilage defects, and the ECM provides the natural environment and nutrition for cartilage regeneration. Until now, collagen hydrogels are considered to be excellent material for cartilage regeneration due to the similar structure to ECM and good biocompatibility. However, collagen hydrogels also have several drawbacks, such as low mechanical strength, limited ability to induce stem cell differentiation, and rapid degradation. Thus, there is a demanding need to optimize collagen hydrogels for cartilage regeneration. In this review, we will first briefly introduce the structure of articular cartilage and cartilage defect classification and collagen, then provide an overview of the progress made in research on collagen hydrogels with chondrocytes or stem cells, comprehensively expound the research progress and clinical applications of collagen-based hydrogels that integrate inorganic or organic materials, and finally present challenges for further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Sun
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yu Han
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jing Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zheng Jing
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Dongbo Li
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Dongsong Li
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bo Cai
- Department of Ultrasound DiagnosisThe 964 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation ArmyChangchunPeople's Republic of China
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4
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Fani N, Peshkova M, Bikmulina P, Golroo R, Timashev P, Vosough M. Fabricating the cartilage: recent achievements. Cytotechnology 2023; 75:269-292. [PMID: 37389132 PMCID: PMC10299965 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-023-00582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to describe the most recent achievements and provide an insight into cartilage engineering and strategies to restore the cartilage defects. Here, we discuss cell types, biomaterials, and biochemical factors applied to form cartilage tissue equivalents and update the status of fabrication techniques, which are used at all stages of engineering the cartilage. The actualized concept to improve the cartilage tissue restoration is based on applying personalized products fabricated using a full cycle platform: a bioprinter, a bioink consisted of ECM-embedded autologous cell aggregates, and a bioreactor. Moreover, in situ platforms can help to skip some steps and enable adjusting the newly formed tissue in the place during the operation. Only some achievements described have passed first stages of clinical translation; nevertheless, the number of their preclinical and clinical trials is expected to grow in the nearest future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesa Fani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Peshkova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Bikmulina
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Reihaneh Golroo
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Dehghan-Baniani D, Mehrjou B, Chu PK, Lee WYW, Wu H. Recent Advances in "Functional Engineering of Articular Cartilage Zones by Polymeric Biomaterials Mediated with Physical, Mechanical, and Biological/Chemical Cues". Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 12:e2202581. [PMID: 36571465 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage (AC) plays an unquestionable role in joint movements but unfortunately the healing capacity is restricted due to its avascular and acellular nature. While cartilage tissue engineering has been lifesaving, it is very challenging to remodel the complex cartilage composition and architecture with gradient physio-mechanical properties vital to proper tissue functions. To address these issues, a better understanding of the intrinsic AC properties and how cells respond to stimuli from the external microenvironment must be better understood. This is essential in order to take one step closer to producing functional cartilaginous constructs for clinical use. Recently, biopolymers have aroused much attention due to their versatility, processability, and flexibility because the properties can be tailored to match the requirements of AC. This review highlights polymeric scaffolds developed in the past decade for reconstruction of zonal AC layers including the superficial zone, middle zone, and deep zone by means of exogenous stimuli such as physical, mechanical, and biological/chemical signals. The mimicked properties are reviewed in terms of the biochemical composition and organization, cell fate (morphology, orientation, and differentiation), as well as mechanical properties and finally, the challenges and potential ways to tackle them are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsa Dehghan-Baniani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Babak Mehrjou
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wayne Yuk Wai Lee
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Joint Scoliosis Research Centre of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, CUHK InnoHK Centres, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongkai Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Division of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chemistry and the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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6
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Cao R, Xu Y, Xu Y, Brand DD, Zhou G, Xiao K, Xia H, Czernuszka JT. Development of Tri-Layered Biomimetic Atelocollagen Scaffolds with Interfaces for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101643. [PMID: 35134274 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The development of biomimetic scaffolds containing cartilage, calcified cartilage, and bone regeneration for precise osteochondral repair remains a challenge. Herein, a novel tri-layered scaffold-with a top layer containing type II atelocollagen and chondroitin sulphate for cartilage regeneration, an intermediate layer with type II atelocollagen and hydroxyapatite for calcified cartilage formation, and a bottom layer with type I atelocollagen and hydroxyapatite for bone growth-that can be built using liquid-phase cosynthesis, is described. The tri-layered scaffolds are mechanically demonstrably superior and have a lower risk of delamination than monolayer scaffolds. This is due to higher cohesion arising from the interfaces between each layer. In vitro results show that although monolayer scaffolds can stimulate bone marrow stem cells to differentiate and form cartilage, calcified cartilage, and bone separately (detected using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and staining with safranin-O and Alizarin Red S), the tri-layered scaffolds support the regeneration of cartilage, calcified cartilage, and bone simultaneously after 2 and 4 months of implantation (detected using gross and micro-computed tomography images, histological staining, and Avizo, a software used to detect microlevel defects in metals). This work presents data on a promising approach in devising strategies for the precise repair of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runfeng Cao
- Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering Shanghai 9th People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200011 China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200430 China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Shanghai Children's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
| | - Yong Xu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering Shanghai 9th People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200011 China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200430 China
| | - D. D. Brand
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology Immunology and Biochemistry BE‐135 Veterans Affairs Medical Centre University of Tennessee Memphis TN 38104 USA
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering Shanghai 9th People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Kaiyan Xiao
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering Shanghai 9th People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Huitang Xia
- Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering Shanghai 9th People's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200011 China
| | - J. T. Czernuszka
- Department of Materials University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
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Main and Minor Types of Collagens in the Articular Cartilage: The Role of Collagens in Repair Tissue Evaluation in Chondral Defects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413329. [PMID: 34948124 PMCID: PMC8706311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several collagen subtypes have been identified in hyaline articular cartilage. The main and most abundant collagens are type II, IX and XI collagens. The minor and less abundant collagens are type III, IV, V, VI, X, XII, XIV, XVI, XXII, and XXVII collagens. All these collagens have been found to play a key role in healthy cartilage, regardless of whether they are more or less abundant. Additionally, an exhaustive evaluation of collagen fibrils in a repaired cartilage tissue after a chondral lesion is necessary to determine the quality of the repaired tissue and even whether or not this repaired tissue is considered hyaline cartilage. Therefore, this review aims to describe in depth all the collagen types found in the normal articular cartilage structure, and based on this, establish the parameters that allow one to consider a repaired cartilage tissue as a hyaline cartilage.
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8
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Bioactive Collagen Hydrolysate-Chitosan/Essential Oil Electrospun Nanofibers Designed for Medical Wound Dressings. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111939. [PMID: 34834354 PMCID: PMC8621651 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) and dill (Anethum graveolens L.) essential oils (EOs) were encapsulated into collagen hydrolysates extracted from bovine tendons and rabbit skins, both mixed with chitosan (CS) by using the coaxial electrospinning technique for potential wound dressing applications. The morphology and chemical composition of the electrospun nanofibers were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The antimicrobial activity of the dill EO and lemon EO, as well as the electrospun samples loaded with essential oils was determined by disk diffusion assay against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, and Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 bacterial strains; Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Candida glabrata ATCC 90028 yeast strains; and Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 9642 fungal strain. In vivo biocompatibility testing of the collagen hydrolysate-chitosan/essential oil electrospun nanofibers was based on the determination of the hematological, biochemical, and immunological profile and the evaluation of the influence produced on the oxidative stress in white Swiss mice. The synergetic effect of dill and lemon balm EOs can improve the antimicrobial activity of collagen hydrolysate-chitosan nanofibers against the most important bacterial strains. The in vivo test results suggested a good biocompatibility of electrospun samples based on collagen hydrolysate extracted from bovine tendons or rabbit skin mixed with chitosan and containing dill and/or lemon balm essential oils as encapsulated bioactive compounds.
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Horbert V, Xin L, Föhr P, Huber R, Burgkart RH, Kinne RW. In Vitro Cartilage Regeneration with a Three-Dimensional Polyglycolic Acid (PGA) Implant in a Bovine Cartilage Punch Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11769. [PMID: 34769199 PMCID: PMC8583898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resorbable polyglycolic acid (PGA) chondrocyte grafts are clinically established for human articular cartilage defects. Long-term implant performance was addressed in a standardized in vitro model. PGA implants (+/- bovine chondrocytes) were placed inside cartilage rings punched out of bovine femoral trochleas (outer Ø 6 mm; inner defect Ø 2 mm) and cultured for 84 days (12 weeks). Cartilage/PGA hybrids were subsequently analyzed by histology (hematoxylin/eosin; safranin O), immunohistochemistry (aggrecan, collagens 1 and 2), protein assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions, and implant push-out force measurements. Cartilage/PGA hybrids remained vital with intact matrix until 12 weeks, limited loss of proteoglycans from "host" cartilage or cartilage-PGA interface, and progressively diminishing release of proteoglycans into the supernatant. By contrast, the collagen 2 content in cartilage and cartilage-PGA interface remained approximately constant during culture (with only little collagen 1). Both implants (+/- cells) displayed implant colonization and progressively increased aggrecan and collagen 2 mRNA, but significantly decreased push-out forces over time. Cell-loaded PGA showed significantly accelerated cell colonization and significantly extended deposition of aggrecan. Augmented chondrogenic differentiation in PGA and cartilage/PGA-interface for up to 84 days suggests initial cartilage regeneration. Due to the PGA resorbability, however, the model exhibits limitations in assessing the "lateral implant bonding".
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Horbert
- Experimental Rheumatology Unit, Orthopedic Professorship, Jena University Hospital, Waldkliniken Eisenberg GmbH, 07607 Eisenberg, Germany; (V.H.); (L.X.)
| | - Long Xin
- Experimental Rheumatology Unit, Orthopedic Professorship, Jena University Hospital, Waldkliniken Eisenberg GmbH, 07607 Eisenberg, Germany; (V.H.); (L.X.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Peter Föhr
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Chair of Orthopedics and Sport Orthopedics, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.F.); (R.H.B.)
| | - René Huber
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Rainer H. Burgkart
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Chair of Orthopedics and Sport Orthopedics, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; (P.F.); (R.H.B.)
| | - Raimund W. Kinne
- Experimental Rheumatology Unit, Orthopedic Professorship, Jena University Hospital, Waldkliniken Eisenberg GmbH, 07607 Eisenberg, Germany; (V.H.); (L.X.)
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Xie J, Wang W, Zhao R, Lu W, Chen L, Su W, Zeng M, Hu Y. Fabrication and characterization of microstructure-controllable COL-HA-PVA hydrogels for cartilage repair. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:100. [PMID: 34406511 PMCID: PMC8373762 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel has gained interest in cartilage repair because of its highly swollen, porosity, and viscoelastic properties. However, PVA has some deficiencies, such as its poor biocompatibility and microstructure. This research aimed to design novel hydroxyapatite (HA)-collagen (COL)-PVA hydrogels. COL was added to improve cell biocompatibility, and the microstructure of the hydrogels was controlled by fused deposition modeling (FDM). The feasibility of the COL-HA-PVA hydrogels in cartilage repair was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The scanning electron microscopy results showed that the hybrid hydrogels had interconnected macropore structures that contained a COL reticular scaffold. The diameter of the macropore was 1.08-1.85 mm, which corresponds to the diameter of the denatured PVA column. The chondrocytes were then seeded in hydrogels to assess the cell viability and formation of the cartilage matrix. The in vitro results revealed excellent cellular biocompatibility. Osteochondral defects (8 mm in diameter and 8 mm in depth) were created in the femoral trochlear of goats, and the defects were implanted with cell-seeded hydrogels, cell-free hydrogels, or a blank control. The in vivo results showed that the COL-HA-PVA hydrogels effectively repaired cartilage defects, especially the conditions inoculated with chondrocyte in advance. This research suggests that the COL-HA-PVA hydrogels have promising application in cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weiping Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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11
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Collagen-Based Electrospun Materials for Tissue Engineering: A Systematic Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8030039. [PMID: 33803598 PMCID: PMC8003061 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen is a key component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in organs and tissues throughout the body and is used for many tissue engineering applications. Electrospinning of collagen can produce scaffolds in a wide variety of shapes, fiber diameters and porosities to match that of the native ECM. This systematic review aims to pool data from available manuscripts on electrospun collagen and tissue engineering to provide insight into the connection between source material, solvent, crosslinking method and functional outcomes. D-banding was most often observed in electrospun collagen formed using collagen type I isolated from calfskin, often isolated within the laboratory, with short solution solubilization times. All physical and chemical methods of crosslinking utilized imparted resistance to degradation and increased strength. Cytotoxicity was observed at high concentrations of crosslinking agents and when abbreviated rinsing protocols were utilized. Collagen and collagen-based scaffolds were capable of forming engineered tissues in vitro and in vivo with high similarity to the native structures.
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12
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Agili-C implant promotes the regenerative capacity of articular cartilage defects in an ex vivo model. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019; 27:1953-1964. [PMID: 30387000 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-5263-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteochondral implants are currently adopted for the treatment of symptomatic full-thickness chondral and osteochondral defects. Agili-C™ is a cell-free aragonite-based scaffold which aims to reproduce the original structure and function of the articular joint while directing the growth and regeneration of both cartilage and its underlying subchondral bone. The goal of the present study was to investigate the ex vivo mechanisms of action (MOA) of the Agili-C™ implant in the repair of full-thickness cartilage defects. In particular, we tested whether Agili-C™ implant has the potential to stimulate cartilage ingrowth through chondrocytes migration into the 3D interconnected porous structure of the scaffold, along with maintaining their viability and phenotype and the deposition of hyaline cartilage matrix. METHODS Articular cartilage samples were collected through the Gift of Hope Organ and Tissue Donor Network (Itasca, IL) within 24 h from death. For this study, cartilage from a total of 14 donors was used. To model a chondral defect, donut-shaped cartilage explants were prepared from each tissue specimen. The chondral phase of the Agili-C™ implant was placed inside the tissue in full contact and press fit manner. Cartilage explants with the Agili-C™ implant inside were cultured for 60 days. As a control, the same donut-shaped cartilage explants were cultured without Agili-C™, under the same culture conditions. RESULTS Using fresh human cadaveric articular cartilage tissue in a 60-day culture, it was demonstrated that chondrocytes were able to migrate into the Agili-C™ scaffold and contribute to the deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) rich in collagen type II and aggrecan, and lacking collagen type I. Additionally, we were able to show the formation of a layer populated by progenitor-like cells on the articular surface of the implant. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of samples taken from knee and ankle joints of human donors with a wide age range and both genders supports the potential of Agili-C™ scaffold to stimulate cartilage regeneration and repair. Based on these results, the present scaffold can be used in the clinical practice as a one-step procedure to treat full-thickness chondral defects.
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