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Shaykh N, Patel F, Stachler L, Ali K, Tripathi V, Rai O, Jacob R. A Case of Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a 26-Year-Old Pregnant Woman. Cureus 2024; 16:e60679. [PMID: 38903380 PMCID: PMC11187471 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an uncommon and rapidly progressing blood cancer originating in the bone marrow, characterized by the abnormal proliferation of immature lymphocytes. Although most cases of ALL are observed in children, the disease pattern shows two peaks: one in early childhood and another around the age of 50. Approximately a fifth to a third of adults diagnosed with ALL exhibit cytogenetic abnormalities involving the Philadelphia chromosome. Despite the existence of several studies on Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL (Ph+ ALL), our case accentuates the use of a multi-disciplinary approach to treatment and involves a patient from a unique demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Shaykh
- Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Falguni Patel
- Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Luke Stachler
- Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Kabeer Ali
- Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Vanshika Tripathi
- Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Oshin Rai
- Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Rafik Jacob
- Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, USA
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Nadeem S, Elahi E, Iftikhar I, Umar S, Ahsan B, Ahmad U, Bokhari SW. Management of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia During Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cureus 2024; 16:e52489. [PMID: 38371059 PMCID: PMC10874130 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) during pregnancy necessitates treatment with high-dose chemotherapy, which can threaten the lives of both the mother and fetus. The aim of the treatment not only focuses on selecting and administering optimal chemotherapy with appropriate doses to the mother but also reflects the crucial understanding of the fetal gestational age at the time of administration of chemotherapy to minimize fetal exposure. We describe the case of a 19-year-old patient diagnosed with ALL at 29 weeks gestation. She received treatment in the third trimester with the Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster (BFM) 2000 induction chemotherapy protocol consisting of a combination of daunorubicin, vincristine, pegaspargase, prednisolone, and intrathecal (IT) methotrexate and gave birth to a healthy baby girl via vaginal delivery four weeks after initiating the induction of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Nadeem
- Medical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK
| | - Ehsan Elahi
- Medical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK
| | - Imran Iftikhar
- Medical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK
| | - Sobia Umar
- Medical Onocology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK
| | - Bushra Ahsan
- Medical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK
| | - Usman Ahmad
- Medical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK
| | - Syed W Bokhari
- Medical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK
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Erikstein BS, Ahmed AB, Forthun RB, Leh F, Gjertsen BT, Reikvam H. Treatment and Response Evaluation Challenges in a Pregnant Woman With B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. J Hematol 2023; 12:92-99. [PMID: 37187497 PMCID: PMC10181328 DOI: 10.14740/jh1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a cancer predisposing syndrome caused by pathogenic germline TP53 gene mutations with important therapeutic and prognostic implications for many types of cancer. A small proportion of LFS patients develop B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in adult years. Standard treatment often proves inadequate, but immunotherapy has provided new treatment options. The current case report presents a pregnant woman with LFS and newly diagnosed B-ALL with hypodiploidy developed after treatment for early-onset breast cancer. We describe the treatment course, treatment-related complications and provide laboratory data crucial for evaluating and modifying treatment for this difficult clinical case. Our findings support the need for close collaboration between clinicians and experts on immunophenotyping. Through our report, we show that immunotherapy is feasible in patients with LFS and B-ALL, despite a poor initial response to induction therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjarte Skoe Erikstein
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Corresponding Author: Bjarte Skoe Erikstein, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Aymen Bushra Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Friedemann Leh
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Tore Gjertsen
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, Precision Oncology Research Group, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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Ashraf S, Wolfson J, Vachhani P, Rangaraju S, Bachiashvili K, Bhatia R, Jamy O. Safe and Effective Use of Imatinib to Treat Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia During Pregnancy. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2022; 11:617-620. [PMID: 35049365 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2021.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is extremely rare in pregnancy. Although the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has significantly improved outcomes of patients with Ph+ ALL, its use during pregnancy is not recommended due to the risk of fetal malformations. There are limited data on the use of TKIs during pregnancy and its long-term effects on the fetus. Within this context, we present a case of a 25-year-old woman diagnosed with Ph+ ALL during the third trimester and the safe and effective use of imatinib as treatment after failure of conventional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ashraf
- The Aga Khan University-Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Julie Wolfson
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Pankit Vachhani
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sravanti Rangaraju
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Kimo Bachiashvili
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ravi Bhatia
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Omer Jamy
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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[Diagnosis and treatment of acute leukemia during pregnancy]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:82-86. [PMID: 35232003 PMCID: PMC8980671 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Mainor CB, Duffy AP, Atkins KL, Kimball AS, Baer MR. Treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pregnancy. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2015; 22:374-7. [DOI: 10.1177/1078155214568582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BCR-ABL inhibitors administered in conjunction with chemotherapy have significantly improved outcomes in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia but, for patients diagnosed during pregnancy, data on risks to the fetus are limited. We report a woman treated with chemotherapy and imatinib mesylate who delivered a healthy baby at 30 weeks, and we discuss available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace B Mainor
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Alison P Duffy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, USA
| | - Kristin L Atkins
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Amy S Kimball
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Maria R Baer
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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Abstract
Leukemia in pregnancy remains a challenging therapeutic prospect. The prevalence is low at ∼1 in 10 000 pregnancies, and as a result data are limited to small retrospective series and case reports, rendering evidence-based recommendations for management strategies difficult. The management of the leukemias in pregnancy requires close collaboration with obstetric and neonatology colleagues as both the maternal and fetal outcomes must be taken into consideration. The decision to introduce or delay chemotherapy must be balanced against the impact on maternal and fetal survival and morbidity. Invariably, acute leukemia diagnosed in the first trimester necessitates intensive chemotherapy that is likely to induce fetal malformations. As delaying treatment in this situation is usually inappropriate, counseling with regard to termination of pregnancy is often essential. For chronic disease and acute leukemia diagnosed after the second trimester, therapeutic termination of the pregnancy is not inevitable and often, standard management approaches similar to those in nongravid patients can be used. Here, the management of the acute and chronic leukemias will be addressed.
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