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Batista NP, Rachid ZI, De Oliveira Silva D, Glaviano NR, Norte GE, Bazett-Jones DM. Reliability and validity of belt-stabilized and tension dynamometry for assessing hip strength and power in uninjured adults. Phys Ther Sport 2024; 69:59-66. [PMID: 39088900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the intra-rater reliability and validity of belt-stabilized and tension dynamometry to assess hip muscle strength and power. DESIGN Repeated measures. SETTING Biomechanics laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Seventeen uninjured adults (age = 22.0 ± 2.3y; 13 females). MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Peak torque (strength) and rate of torque development (RTD; power) were measured for hip abduction, internal rotation, external rotation and extension using an isokinetic dynamometer, and belt-stabilized and tension dynamometry. RESULTS For peak torque assessment, belt-stabilized and tension dynamometry showed good (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] = 0.848-0.899) and good-to-excellent (ICC = 0.848-0.942) reliability, respectively. For RTD, belt-stabilized dynamometry showed fair reliability for abduction (ICC = 0.524) and good reliability for hip internal rotation, external rotation, and extension (ICC = 0.702-0.899). Tension dynamometry showed good reliability for all motions when measuring RTD (ICC = 0.737-0.897). Compared to isokinetic dynamometry, belt-stabilized and tension dynamometry showed good-to-excellent correlations for peak torque assessment (r = 0.503-0.870), and fair-to-good correlations for RTD (r = 0.438-0.674). Bland-Altman analysis showed that measures from belt-stabilized and tension dynamometry had clinically meaningful disagreement with isokinetic dynamometry. CONCLUSION Tension dynamometry is reliable for assessing hip strength and power in all assessed motions. Belt-stabilized dynamometry is reliable for assessing internal rotation, external rotation, and extension. Validity of both methods is questionable, considering the lack of agreement with isokinetic dynamometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natanael P Batista
- School of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, Health & Human Services, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 1199, 201 W. Bancroft St, Toledo, OH, 43606-3390, USA
| | - Zuleiha I Rachid
- School of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, Health & Human Services, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 1199, 201 W. Bancroft St, Toledo, OH, 43606-3390, USA
| | - Danilo De Oliveira Silva
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Neal R Glaviano
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Grant E Norte
- Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - David M Bazett-Jones
- School of Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, Health & Human Services, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 1199, 201 W. Bancroft St, Toledo, OH, 43606-3390, USA.
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Carvalho C, Viadanna Serrão F, Felipe Martinez A, Da Silva Serrão PRM. Three-dimensional kinematics of the trunk, pelvis, hip, and knee during the single-leg squat and hip torque in subjects with isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis compared to individually matched controls: Preliminary results. Arch Rheumatol 2024; 39:33-45. [PMID: 38774690 PMCID: PMC11104754 DOI: 10.46497/archrheumatol.2024.9814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to compare three-dimensional kinematic of the trunk, pelvis, hip, and knee during the single-leg squat and hip torque in individuals with and without isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA). Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated trunk, pelvis, hip, and knee kinematics at 30°, 45°, and 60° knee flexion during the single-leg squat using the Vicon motion capture and analysis system, the Nexus System 2.1.1, and 3D Motion Monitor software. Sixteen individuals (8 males, 8 females; mean age: 49.3±6.2 years; range 40 to 61 years) participated in the study, of which eight were PFOA patients and eight were healthy controls. Isometric hip abductor, extensor, and external rotator torques were evaluated using a handheld dynamometer. Results: The PFOA group exhibited greater hip adduction at 30° (p=0.008), 45° (p=0.005), and 60° (p=0.008) knee flexion in the descending phase of the single-leg squat, as well as at 60° (p=0.009) and 45° (p=0.03) knee flexion in the ascending phase. No significant differences were found between groups for other kinematic variables (p>0.05). The PFOA group exhibited lower isometric hip abductor (p=0.02), extensor (p <0.001), and external rotator (p=0.007) torques. Conclusion: Individuals with PFOA exhibited excessive hip adduction that could increase stress on the lateral patellofemoral joint at 30°, 45°, and 60° knee flexion during the single-leg squat and exhibited weakness of the hip abductors, extensors, and external rotators in comparison to healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Carvalho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Viadanna Serrão
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Carvalho C, de Oliveira MPB, Pisani GK, Marolde IB, Serrão PRMDS. Biomechanical characteristics and muscle function in individuals with patellofemoral osteoarthritis: A systematic review of cross-sectional studies. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2022; 98:105721. [PMID: 35868250 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our objective was to investigate kinematic and kinetic characteristics and changes in muscle function in individuals with patellofemoral osteoarthritis compared to healthy individuals. METHODS Searches were performed of the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, and SciELO databases until May of 2022 for observational studies comparing individuals with patellofemoral osteoarthritis to a control group. The PRISMA guidelines and recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration were followed. The GRADE approach was used to analyze and synthesize the level of evidence. FINDINGS Fourteen studies were included, involving a total of 594 participants (360 with patellofemoral osteoarthritis and 234 controls). The level of evidence for pelvis, hip adduction and knee abduction angles at 45° of knee flexion during the single-leg squat, and knee flexion angle during the task of walking was very low. Regarding muscle strength, the level of evidence for isometric strength of the hip abductors, extensors and external rotators, and concentric strength of the knee extensors and flexors was very low. It was not possible to synthesize any type of evidence for kinetic, electromyography, or muscle volume variables. INTERPRETATION The level of evidence was very low for all synthesized evidence for kinematic and muscle strength variables. However, individuals with patellofemoral osteoarthritis have lower isometric strength of the hip abductor muscles. Further studies with adequate adjustment for confounding factors, such as the non-inclusion of individuals with osteoarthritis in the tibiofemoral compartment concomitant to patellofemoral osteoarthritis, are needed to gain a better understanding of the clinical characteristics of patellofemoral osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Carvalho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Paulo Braz de Oliveira
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Giulia Keppe Pisani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela Bianchini Marolde
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Regina Mendes da Silva Serrão
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Carvalho C, Serrão FV, Pisani GK, Martinez AF, Serrão PRMDS. Frontal plane biomechanics during single-leg squat and hip strength in patients with isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis compared to matched controls: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267446. [PMID: 35476842 PMCID: PMC9045627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The patellofemoral compartment of the knee is the most frequently affected by osteoarthritis. However, there is a lack of biomechanics studies on patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA). This study’s purpose was to compare the frontal plane biomechanics of the trunk and lower limb during the single-leg squat and isometric hip abductor torque in individuals with isolated PFOA and controls. Frontal plane kinematics during the single-leg squat were evaluated using a three-dimensional (3-D) motion analysis system. Isometric hip abductor torque was determined using a handheld dynamometer. Twenty individuals participated in the study (10 with PFOA and 10 controls). No significant differences between groups were found regarding age (mean ± SD, PFOA group = 51.8 ± 6.9 versus control group = 47.8 ± 5.5; mean difference = 4, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.9 to 9.9, p = 0.20) or body mass index (PFOA group = 27.6 ± 2.2 versus control group = 25.5 ± 2.5; mean difference = 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.1 to 4.3, p = 0.06). Compared to control, the PFOA group presented greater hip adduction in the descending and ascending phases of the single-leg squat at 45° (mean difference [95% CI] = 6.44° [0.39–12.48°], p = 0.04; mean difference [95% CI] = 5.33° [0.24–10.42°], p = 0.045, respectively) and 60° (mean difference [95% CI] = 8.44° [2.15–14.73°], p = 0.01; mean difference [95% CI] = 7.58° [2.1–13.06°], p = 0.009, respectively) of knee flexion. No significant differences between groups were found for the frontal plane kinematics of the trunk, pelvis or knee (p > 0.05). The PFOA group exhibited lower isometric hip abductor torque (mean difference [95% CI] = -0.34 Nm/kg [-0.67 to -0.01 Nm/kg], p = 0.04). The individuals with PFOA presented greater hip adduction than the control group, which could increase lateral patellofemoral joint stress at 45° and 60° of knee flexion in the descending and ascending phases of the single-leg squat. These individuals also exhibited hip abductor weakness in comparison to healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Carvalho
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Viadanna Serrão
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Giulia Keppe Pisani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Felipe Martinez
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula Regina Mendes da Silva Serrão
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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