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Songcharern N, Ruangthai R, Tumnark P, Phoemsapthawee J. Improved arterial stiffness after combined aerobic and resistance training: correlation with heart rate variability change in prehypertensive offspring of hypertensive parents. J Exerc Rehabil 2022; 18:395-405. [PMID: 36684533 PMCID: PMC9816616 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2244416.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prehypertensive offspring of hypertensive parents are strongly linked to pathological processes of hypertension in later life. It is observed that young adults with high blood pressure (BP) have increased arterial stiffness, which is linked to autonomic anomalies. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of combined resistance and aerobic exercise training on BP, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baP-WV), and heart rate variability (HRV) in prehypertensive young men with hypertensive parents. Thirty prehypertensive males aged 19.6±1.2 years were randomly assigned to either a combined exercise training group (CBT, n=15) or no exercise group (CON, n=15). The CBT group performed combined exercise for 8 weeks, 3 times per week. BP, baP-WV, HRV, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), and muscle strength were measured before and after the exercise intervention. Systolic BP (-5.1 mmHg, 3.9% decrease, P<0.05), diastolic BP (-3.9 mmHg, 6.1% decrease, P<0.01), mean arterial pressure (-4.2 mmHg, 4.7% decrease, P<0.05), baPWV (-0.4 m/sec, 3.5% decrease, P<0.01), standard deviation of all RR intervals (+58.5% increase, P<0.05) and very low frequency (VLF) (+34.6% increase, P<0.01), VO2peak (+11.7% increase, P<0.01) and one-repetition maximum leg press (+30.3% increase, P<0.01) were significantly improved in the CBT group after 8 weeks of training versus the CON group. Additionally, a reduction in baPWV was associated with an increase in the VLF power of HRV (r=0.72, P<0.01). These findings indicate that the combined training improves BP, arterial stiffness, vagal activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and lower-body muscle strength in prehypertensive offspring of hypertensive parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawut Songcharern
- Sports and Exercise Science Program, Department of Sports Science and Health, Faculty of Sports Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom,
Thailand
| | - Ratree Ruangthai
- Department of Sports Science and Health, Faculty of Sports Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom,
Thailand
| | - Piyaporn Tumnark
- Department of Sports Science and Health, Faculty of Sports Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom,
Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Phoemsapthawee
- Department of Sports Science and Health, Faculty of Sports Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom,
Thailand,Corresponding author: Jatuporn Phoemsapthawee, Department of Sports Science and Health, Faculty of Sports Science, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand,
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Queiroz MG, Prado AGK, Alves-Santos ÉT, Araújo JA, Damazo AS, Cambri LT. Influence of family history of hypertension on blood pressure and heart rate variability in young adults: a meta-analysis. Blood Press Monit 2022; 27:259-271. [PMID: 35438084 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOUSE This meta-analysis evaluates the impact of family history of hypertension (FHH + ) on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) in young adults. METHODS Observational studies that evaluated adults (aged between 18 and 40 years) of both sexes, are without cardiometabolic disease diagnosis, are published in English, and are reporting on the influence of FHH + (father, mother, or both) on BP and HRV were included. In June 2021, we made a search of the electronic database MEDLINE (accessed by PubMed). Random-effects models were used, and data are reported as standardized mean difference and 95% confidence limits. RESULTS Thirty-eight studies with a total of 2025 individuals were included. Clinic systolic [3.13 mmHg (1.75-4.51)] and diastolic [2.85 mmHg (1.65-4.04)] BPs were higher ( P < 0.001) in individuals with an FHH + . Only 24-h systolic BP was higher [1.76 mmHg (0.05-3.47); P = 0.04] in individuals with an FHH + . As for HRV indices in time-domain, RMSSD: -7.00 ms (-10.75 to -3.26), SDNN: -13.93 ms (-23.56 to -4.30), and HF [-6.82 n. u. (-9.76 to -3.89)] were lower ( P < 0.05), and LF [4.78 ms (2.52-7.03)] and LF/HF ratio [0.32 (0.14-0.50)] were higher ( P < 0.001) in individuals with an FHH + . CONCLUSION FHH + negatively impacts BP and HRV in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lucieli Teresa Cambri
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Foods and Metabolism, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
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Impact of Overweight in Mens with Family History of Hypertension: Early Heart Rate Variability and Oxidative Stress Disarrangements. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3049831. [PMID: 32802262 PMCID: PMC7415118 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3049831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim To evaluate cardiovascular, autonomic, and oxidative stress markers in eutrophic and overweight offspring of hypertensive parents comparing them to eutrophic and overweight offspring of normotensive parents. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study. We selected 71 male and sedentary subjects, divided into 4 groups: eutrophic group with a negative family history of hypertension (EH-, n = 18) or positive family history of hypertension (EH+, n = 17), overweight group with a negative family history of hypertension (OH-, n = 19) or a positive family history of hypertension (OH+, n = 17), and aged between 18 and 35 years. Results Blood glucose was higher in the OH+ group when compared to other groups. Diastolic blood pressure was increased in OH- and OH+ groups when compared to eutrophic groups. Regarding the HRV, the LF abs was higher in OH- and OH+ groups when compared to the EH- group. LF/HF values were higher in EH+ and OH+ groups when compared to the EH- and OH- groups. As to oxidative stress and the metabolism of nitric oxide, we observed an increase in hydrogen peroxide and nitrite levels in the OH+ group, and in the NADPH oxidase in OH- and OH+ groups when compared to the other groups. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that the overweight group with a family history of hypertension presented all the dysfunctions observed in isolation from these risk factors. We observed an exacerbation of cardiac sympathetic modulation and early prooxidants increase, which may be associated with target organ damage and cardiovascular risk in this population.
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Impact of an active lifestyle on heart rate variability and oxidative stress markers in offspring of hypertensives. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12439. [PMID: 32709890 PMCID: PMC7382460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69104-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial history of hypertension is associated with autonomic dysfunction and increase in blood pressure (BP). However, an active lifestyle has been found to improve a number of health outcomes and reduce all-cause mortality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an active lifestyle on hemodynamics, heart rate variability (HRV) and oxidative stress markers in offspring of hypertensive parents. One hundred twenty-seven subjects were assigned into four groups: sedentary offspring of normotensives (S-ON) or hypertensives (S-OH); and physically active offspring of normotensives (A-ON) or hypertensives (A-OH). Diastolic BP and heart rate were reduced in the physically active groups when compared to S-OH group. A-ON and A-OH groups presented increased values of RR total variance when compared to the sedentary ones (A-ON: 4,912 ± 538 vs. S-ON: 2,354 ± 159; A-OH: 3,112 ± 236 vs. S-OH: 2,232 ± 241 ms2). Cardiac sympato-vagal balance (LF/HF), systemic hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion were markedly increased in S-OH group when compared to all other studied groups. Additionally, important correlations were observed between LF/HF with diastolic BP (r = 0.30) and hydrogen peroxide (r = 0.41). Thus, our findings seem to confirm an early autonomic dysfunction in offspring of hypertensive parents, which was associated with a systemic increase in reactive oxygen species and blood pressure. However, our most important finding lies in the attenuation of such disorders in offspring of physically active hypertensives, thus emphasizing the importance of a physically active lifestyle in the prevention of early disorders that may be associated with onset of hypertension.
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Santa-Rosa FA, Shimojo GL, Sartori M, Rocha AC, Francica JV, Paiva J, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K. Familial history of hypertension-induced impairment on heart rate variability was not observed in strength-trained subjects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7310. [PMID: 30462769 PMCID: PMC6247241 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20187310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Family history of hypertension is an important predictive factor for hypertension and is associated with hemodynamic and autonomic abnormalities. Previous studies reported that strength training might reduce arterial blood pressure (AP), as well as improve heart rate variability (HRV). However, the benefits of strength training in the offspring of hypertensive parents have not been fully evaluated. Here, we analyzed the impact of strength training on hemodynamics and autonomic parameters in offspring of hypertensive subjects. We performed a cross-sectional study with sedentary or physically active offspring of normotensives (S-ON and A-ON) or hypertensives (S-OH and A-OH). We recorded RR interval for analysis of HRV. AP was similar between groups. Sedentary offspring of hypertensives presented impairment of total variance of RR interval, as well as an increase in cardiac sympathovagal balance (S-OH: 4.2±0.7 vs S-ON: 2.8±0.4 and A-ON: 2.4±0.1). In contrast, the strength-trained group with a family history of hypertension did not show such dysfunctions. In conclusion, sedentary offspring of hypertensives, despite displaying no changes in AP, showed reduced HRV, reinforcing the hypothesis that autonomic dysfunctions have been associated with higher risk of hypertension onset. Our findings demonstrated that strength-trained offspring of hypertensives did not present impaired HRV, thus reinforcing the benefits of an active lifestyle in the prevention of early dysfunctions associated with the onset of hypertension in predisposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Santa-Rosa
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - G L Shimojo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M Sartori
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A C Rocha
- Laboratório do Movimento Humano, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - J V Francica
- Laboratório do Movimento Humano, Universidade São Judas Tadeu, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - J Paiva
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M C Irigoyen
- Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - K De Angelis
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Amaral JF, Borsato DDMA, Freitas IMG, Toschi-Dias E, Martinez DG, Laterza MC. Autonomic and Vascular Control in Prehypertensive Subjects with a Family History of Arterial Hypertension. Arq Bras Cardiol 2018; 110:166-174. [PMID: 29466485 PMCID: PMC5855910 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20180006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with a family history of systemic arterial hypertension (FHSAH) and / or prehypertension have a higher risk of developing this pathology. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the autonomic and vascular functions of prehypertensive patients with FHSAH. METHODS Twenty-five young volunteers with FHSAH, 14 normotensive and 11 prehypertensive subjects were submitted to vascular function evaluation by forearm vascular conductance(VC) during resting and reactive hyperemia (Hokanson®) and cardiac and peripheral autonomic modulation, quantified, respectively, by spectral analysis of heart rate (ECG) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (FinometerPRO®). The transfer function analysis was used to measure the gain and response time of baroreflex. The statistical significance adopted was p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Pre-hypertensive individuals, in relation to normotensive individuals, have higher VC both at rest (3.48 ± 1.26 vs. 2.67 ± 0.72 units, p = 0.05) and peak reactive hyperemia (25, 02 ± 8.18 vs. 18.66 ± 6.07 units, p = 0.04). The indices of cardiac autonomic modulation were similar between the groups. However, in the peripheral autonomic modulation, greater variability was observed in prehypertensive patients compared to normotensive individuals (9.4 [4.9-12.7] vs. 18.3 [14.8-26.7] mmHg2; p < 0.01) and higher spectral components of very low (6.9 [2.0-11.1] vs. 13.5 [10.7-22.4] mmHg2, p = 0.01) and low frequencies (1.7 [1.0-3.0] vs. 3.0 [2.0-4.0] mmHg2, p = 0.04) of SBP. Additionally, we observed a lower gain of baroreflex control in prehypertensive patients compared to normotensive patients (12.16 ± 4.18 vs. 18.23 ± 7.11 ms/mmHg, p = 0.03), but similar delay time (-1.55 ± 0.66 vs. -1.58 ± 0.72 s, p = 0.90). CONCLUSION Prehypertensive patients with FHSAH have autonomic dysfunction and increased vascular conductance when compared to normotensive patients with the same risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Edgar Toschi-Dias
- Instituto do Coração (InCor) - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo, SP - Brazil
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Utzinger ML. Enhancing Heart Rate Variability. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35868-2.00096-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Portela N, Amaral JF, Mira PADC, de Souza LV, Martinez DG, Laterza MC. Peripheral Vascular Resistance Impairment during Isometric Physical Exercise in Normotensive Offspring of Hypertensive Parents. Arq Bras Cardiol 2017; 109:0. [PMID: 28700018 PMCID: PMC5576114 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20170096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A family history of hypertension is associated with vascular and autonomic abnormalities, as well as an impaired neurohemodynamic response to exercise. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that normotensive individuals with a family history of hypertension present an impaired peripheral vascular resistance response to exercise. METHODS: The study included 37 normotensive volunteers of both sexes who were sedentary, eutrophic, and nonsmokers, comprising 23 with (FH+; 24 ± 3 years) and 14 without (FH-; 27 ± 5 years) a family history of hypertension. Blood pressure, heart rate (DIXTAL®), forearm blood flow (Hokanson®), and peripheral vascular resistance were simultaneously measured for 3 minutes during rest and, subsequently, for 3 minutes during an isometric exercise at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (Jamar®). RESULTS: At rest, the FH+ and FH- groups present similar mean blood pressure (83 ± 7 versus 83 ± 5 mmHg, p = 0.96), heart rate (69 ± 8 bpm versus 66 ± 7 bpm, p = 0.18), forearm blood flow (3 ± 1 mL/min/100 mL versus 2.7 ± 1 mL/min/100 mL, p = 0.16), and peripheral vascular resistance (30 ± 9 units versus 34±9 units, p = 0.21), respectively. Both groups showed a significant and similar increase in mean blood pressure (∆ = 15 ± 7 mmHg versus 14 ± 7 mmHg, p = 0.86), heart rate (∆ = 12 ± 8 bpm versus 13 ± 7 bpm, p = 0.86), and forearm blood flow (∆ = 0.8 ± 1.2 mL/min/100 mL versus 1.4 ± 1.1 mL/min/100 mL, p = 0.25), respectively, during exercise. However, individuals in the FH+ group showed no reduction in peripheral vascular resistance during exercise, which was observed in the FH- group (∆ = -0.4 ± 8.6 units versus -7.2 ± 6.3 units, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Normotensive individuals with a family history of hypertension present an impaired peripheral vascular resistance response to exercise. FUNDAMENTO: O histórico familiar para hipertensão arterial está relacionado a anormalidades vasculares e autonômicas, bem como disfunções no comportamento neuro-hemodinâmico durante o exercício físico. OBJETIVO: Testar a hipótese de que indivíduos normotensos com histórico familiar de hipertensão arterial apresentam resposta prejudicada da resistência vascular periférica durante o exercício físico. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 37 normotensos de ambos os sexos, sedentários, eutróficos e não tabagistas, sendo 23 com histórico familiar positivo (HF+, 24 ± 3 anos) e 14 com histórico familiar negativo (HF-, 27 ± 5 anos) para hipertensão arterial. Foram identificados pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca (DIXTAL®), fluxo sanguíneo muscular do antebraço e resistência vascular periférica local (Hokanson®) por 3 minutos durante o repouso e, em seguida, 3 minutos durante exercício isométrico de preensão palmar a 30% da contração voluntária máxima (Jamar®). RESULTADOS: Em repouso, os grupos HF+ e HF- apresentaram valores semelhantes de pressão arterial média (83 ± 7 mmHg versus 83 ± 5 mmHg, p = 0,96), frequência cardíaca (69 ± 8 bpm versus 66 ± 7 bpm, p = 0,18), fluxo sanguíneo muscular (3 ± 1 mL/min/199 mL versus 2,7 ± 1 mL/min/100 mL, p = 0,16) e resistência vascular periférica (30 ± 9 unidades versus 34 ± 9 unidades, p = 0,21), respectivamente. Durante o exercício, HF+ e HF- mostraram aumento significativo e semelhante da pressão arterial média (∆ = 15 ± 7 mmHg versus 14 ± 7 mmHg, p = 0,86), frequência cardíaca (∆ = 12 ± 8 bpm versus 13 ± 7 bpm, p = 0,86) e fluxo sanguíneo muscular (∆ = 0,8 ± 1,2 mL/min/100 mL versus 1,4 ± 1,1 mL/min/100 mL, p = 0,25), respectivamente. Entretanto, no grupo HF+ não houve redução significativa da resistência vascular periférica durante o exercício, fato que ocorreu no grupo HF- (∆ = -0,4 ± 8,6 unidades versus -7,2 ± 6,3 unidades, p = 0,03). CONCLUSÃO: Indivíduos normotensos com histórico familiar de hipertensão arterial apresentam resposta prejudicada da resistência vascular periférica durante o exercício físico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Portela
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular e Fisiologia
do Exercício - Faculdade de Educação Física e Desportos
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG - Brazil
| | - Josária Ferraz Amaral
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular e Fisiologia
do Exercício - Faculdade de Educação Física e Desportos
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG - Brazil
| | - Pedro Augusto de Carvalho Mira
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular e Fisiologia
do Exercício - Faculdade de Educação Física e Desportos
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG - Brazil
| | - Livia Victorino de Souza
- Disciplina de Nefrologia - Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade
Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Daniel Godoy Martinez
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular e Fisiologia
do Exercício - Faculdade de Educação Física e Desportos
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG - Brazil
| | - Mateus Camaroti Laterza
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular e Fisiologia
do Exercício - Faculdade de Educação Física e Desportos
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG - Brazil
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Francica JV, Bigongiari A, Mochizuki L, Scapini KB, Moraes OA, Mostarda C, Caperuto EC, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K, Rodrigues B. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in chronic stroke women is attenuated after submaximal exercise test, as evaluated by linear and nonlinear analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015; 15:105. [PMID: 26420632 PMCID: PMC4587902 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-015-0099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated cardiac autonomic modulation in women with chronic ischemic stroke (at least 4 years post-stroke) at rest and in response to submaximal exercise test. Methods Fourteen post-stroke women (S group) and 10 healthy women (C group) participated in this study. Autonomic modulation (using linear and nonlinear analysis), blood pressure and metabolic variables at rest were evaluated immediately after the exercise test and during the recovery period (20 min). All participants underwent submaximal exercise test on cycle ergometer with gas analysis. Results At rest, the S group displayed higher lactate concentration, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values when compared to C group. Furthermore, the S group had lower heart rate variability (HRV) in time domain (SDNN: S = 30 ± 5 vs. 40 ± 8 ms; rMSSD: S = 14 ± 2 vs. C = 34 ± 3 ms), decreased high frequency band of pulse interval (S = 8.4 ± 2 vs. 33.1 ± 9 %) and 2V pattern of symbolic analysis (S = 17.3 ± 1 vs. 30 ± 3 %) (both indicators of cardiac vagal modulation) when compared to C group. Immediately after exercise, S group presented higher values of lactate, SBP, DBP and double product when compared to C group, as well as decreased heart rate recovery (HRR) measured at the first, second and third minutes. At recovery time, all HRV parameters in time and frequency domains improved in the S group; however, HF band remained lower when compared to C group. Conclusions After the exercise test, women with chronic stroke presented reduced heart rate variability, reduced cardiac vagal modulation, as well as reduced HRR, while displayed an improvement of heart rate variability and cardiac vagal modulation when compared to their baseline. These results reinforce the importance of a physically active lifestyle for cardiovascular autonomic disorders observed in chronic stroke women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline Bigongiari
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Luís Mochizuki
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Kátia Bilhar Scapini
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Oscar Albuquerque Moraes
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Katia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Human Movement Laboratory, São Judas Tadeu University (USJT), São Paulo/SP, Brazil. .,Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Érico Veríssimo, 701. Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz". Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP. CEP, 13.083-851, Brazil.
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Autonomic changes in young smokers: acute effects of inspiratory exercise. Clin Auton Res 2013; 23:201-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10286-013-0202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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