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Iqbal U, Almakki R, Usman M, Altameem A, Albathan M, Jilani AK. Methodological identification of anomalies episodes in ECG streams: a systematic mapping study. BMC Med Res Methodol 2024; 24:127. [PMID: 38834955 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-024-02251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
An electrocardiogram is a medical examination tool for measuring different patterns of heart blood flow circle either in the form of usual or non-invasive patterns. These patterns are useful for the identification of morbidity condition of the heart especially in certain conditions of heart abnormality and arrhythmia. Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of them that happened due to sudden blockage of blood by the cause of malfunction of heart. In electrocardiography (ECG) intensity of MI is highlighted on the basis of unusual patterns of T wave changes. Various studies have contributed for MI through T wave's classification, but more to the point of T wave has always attracted the ECG researchers. Methodology. This Study is primarily designed for proposing the combination of latest methods that are worked for the solutions of pre-defined research questions. Such solutions are designed in the form of the systematic review process (SLR) by following the Kitchen ham guidance. The literature survey is a two phase's process, at first phase collect the articles that were published in IEEE Xplore, Scopus, science direct and Springer from 2008 to 2023. It consist of steps; the first level is executed by filtrating the articles on the basis of keyword phase of title and abstract filter. Similarly, at two level the manuscripts are scanned through filter of eligibility criteria of articles selection. The last level belongs to the quality assessment of articles, in such level articles are rectified through evaluation of domain experts. Results. Finally, the selected articles are addressed with research questions and briefly discuss these selected state-of-the-art methods that are worked for the T wave classification. These address units behave as solutions to research problems that are highlighted in the form of research questions. Conclusion and future directions. During the survey process for these solutions, we got some critical observations in the form of gaps that reflected the other directions for researchers. In which feature engineering, different dependencies of ECG features and dimensional reduction of ECG for the better ECG analysis are reflection of future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzair Iqbal
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Riyad Almakki
- Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 11432, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institue of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Abdullah Altameem
- Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 11432, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Albathan
- Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 11432, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Khader Jilani
- Information Systems Department, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Radico F, Di Castelnuovo A, Aimo A, Zimarino M, Knuuti J, Rossi S, Pastormerlo LE, Zyw L, Orsini E, Iacoviello L, Neglia D, Emdin M, de Gaetano G, De Caterina R. Factors for heterogeneous outcomes of angina and myocardial ischemia without obstructive coronary atherosclerosis. J Intern Med 2022; 291:197-206. [PMID: 34487597 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with angina is common, but its prognosis is debated. We investigated outcomes of such patients to identify predictors of cardiovascular events. METHODS We selected 1014 patients with angina, evidence of myocardial ischemia at the electrocardiogram (ECG) exercise test or imaging stress tests, and nonobstructive CAD (absence of lumen diameter reduction ≥50%) at coronary angiography between 1999 and 2015. Note that, 1905 age- and risk factors-matched asymptomatic subjects served as "real-world" comparators. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of all-cause death or myocardial infarction. RESULTS At 6-years median follow-up (interquartile range, 3-9 years), the primary endpoint occurred in 53 patients (5.5%, 0.92/100 person-years). Besides similar event rates compared with asymptomatic subjects (hazard ratio [HR] 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-1.15, p = 0.28), the index population showed a very heterogeneous prognosis. Patients with nonobstructive CAD (HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.02-3.37, p = 0.04, compared with "normal" coronary arteries) and ischemia at imaging tests (HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.07-4.14, p = 0.03, compared with ischemia detected only at the ECG exercise test) were at higher risk and those with both these components showing even >10-fold event rates as compared with the absence of both. Three-hundred and twenty-five patients (34%) continued to experience angina, 69 (7.2%) underwent repeat coronary angiography, and 14 (1.5%) had consequent coronary revascularization for atherosclerosis progression. CONCLUSION Apart from the impaired quality of life, angina without obstructive CAD has an overall benign but very heterogeneous prognosis. Nonobstructive CAD and myocardial ischemia at imaging tests both confer a higher risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Radico
- Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,ASL 2 Abruzzo, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Aimo
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Zimarino
- Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,Interventional Cath Lab, Chieti, Italy
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Serena Rossi
- Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,Interventional Cath Lab, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Luc Zyw
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Orsini
- Cardiovascular Division, Pisa University Hospital, and University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed Mediterranean Neurological Institute, Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Danilo Neglia
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed Mediterranean Neurological Institute, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Cardiovascular Division, Pisa University Hospital, and University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, 2, Pisa, 56124, Italy.,Fondazione Villa Serena per la Ricerca, Città Sant'Angelo, Italy
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Procopio A, Radico F, Alexandre J, Mapelli M, Archilletti F, Acasandrei C, Fulgenzi F, Ghebru Y, Faggiano P, Mairesse GH, Gallina S, Agostoni P, De Caterina R, Zimarino M. ST-segment/heart rate hysteresis improves the exercise testing accuracy for coronary artery detection in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2021; 22:323-325. [PMID: 33633050 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Procopio
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging - 'G. d'Annunzio' University - Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Radico
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging - 'G. d'Annunzio' University - Chieti, Italy
| | - Joachim Alexandre
- Normandie Univ, Unicaen, CHU de Caen Normandie, Department of Pharmacology, EA 4650, Signalisation, électrophysiologie et imagerie des lésions d'ischémie-reperfusion myocardique, Caen, France
| | - Massimo Mapelli
- Cardiology Center Monzino, IRCCS
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Archilletti
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging - 'G. d'Annunzio' University - Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Fulgenzi
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging - 'G. d'Annunzio' University - Chieti, Italy
| | - Yacob Ghebru
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging - 'G. d'Annunzio' University - Chieti, Italy
| | - Pompilio Faggiano
- Department of Cardiology, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia - Brescia
| | | | - Sabina Gallina
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging - 'G. d'Annunzio' University - Chieti, Italy
| | - Piergiuseppe Agostoni
- Cardiology Center Monzino, IRCCS
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Zimarino
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging - 'G. d'Annunzio' University - Chieti, Italy
- Interventional Cath Lab, ASL 2 Abruzzo, Chieti, Italy
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Zimarino M, Marano R, Radico F, Curione D, De Caterina R. Coronary computed tomography angiography, ECG stress test and nuclear imaging as sources of false-positive results in the detection of coronary artery disease. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2018. [PMID: 29538163 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zimarino
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging, 'G. d'Annunzio' University, Chieti
| | - Riccardo Marano
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Institute of Radiology, 'A. Gemelli' University Polyclinic Foundation, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Radico
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging, 'G. d'Annunzio' University, Chieti
| | - Davide Curione
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Institute of Radiology, 'A. Gemelli' University Polyclinic Foundation, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging, 'G. d'Annunzio' University, Chieti
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Xing N, Ji L, Song J, Ma J, Li S, Ren Z, Xu F, Zhu J. Cadmium stress assessment based on the electrocardiogram characteristics of zebra fish (Danio rerio): QRS complex could play an important role. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 191:236-244. [PMID: 28869925 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The electrocardiogram (ECG) of zebra fish (Danio rerio) expresses cardiac features that are similar to humans. Here we use sharp microelectrode measurements to obtain ECG characteristics in adult zebra fish and analyze the effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on the heart. We observe the overall changes of ECG parameters in different treatments (0.1 TU, 0.5 TU and 1.0 TU CdCl2), including P wave, Q wave, R wave, S wave, T wave, PR interval (atrial contraction), QRS complex (ventricular depolarization), ST segment, and QT interval (ventricular repolarization). The trends of the ECG parameters showed some responses to the concentration and exposure time of CdCl2, but it was difficult to obtain more information about the useful indicators in water quality assessment depending on tendency analysis alone. A self-organizing map (SOM) showed that P values, R values, and T values were similar; R wave and T wave amplitude were similar; and most important, QRS value was similar to the CdCl2 stress according to the classified data patterns including CdCl2 stress (E) and ECG components based on the Ward linkage. It suggested that the duration of QRS complex was related to environmental stress E directly. The specification and evaluation of ECG parameters in Cd2+ pollution suggested that there is a markedly significant correlation between QRS complex and CdCl2 stress with the highest r (0.729) and the smallest p (0.002) among all ECG characteristics. In this case, it is concluded that QRS complex can be used as an indicator in the CdCl2 stress assessment due to the lowest AIC data abased on the linear regression model between the CdCl2 stress and ECG parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xing
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Ji
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchun Ma
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangge Li
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongming Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei Xu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Zhu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, People's Republic of China.
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Refined interpretation of exercise ECG testing: Opportunities for a comeback in the era of expanding advanced cardiac imaging technologies? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2016; 23:1628-31. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487316664625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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